This revision resource contains an engaging PowerPoint (56 slides) and associated worksheets, one of which has been differentiated two ways to allow students of differing abilities to access the work. The range of activities cover the content of Topic C4 (Stoichiometry) of the CIE IGCSE Combined Science specification, for examination in June and November 2020 and 2021. The aim was to cover as much of the content as possible but the following topics have received particular attention: Naming compounds containing 2 or 3+ elements Constructing word equations for general chemical reactions Monatomic or diatomic molecules Writing formulae for ionic compounds using the charges on the ions Balancing symbol equations Writing fully balanced chemical symbol equations with state symbols Students are given hints and guidance throughout the lesson so they can build confidence in the lead up to an end of topic test, mocks or the terminal exams.

This fully-resourced lesson has been designed to cover both the foundation and higher tier content of specification point 5.3.2 (Control of blood glucose concentration) as found in topic 5 of the AQA GCSE Biology & Combined Science specifications. This resource contains an engaging PowerPoint (37 slides) and accompanying worksheets, some of which have been differentiated so that students of different abilities can access the work. The resource is filled with a wide range of activities, each of which has been designed to engage and motivate the students whilst ensuring that the key Biological content is covered in detail. Understanding checks are included throughout so that the students can assess their grasp of the content. In addition, previous knowledge checks make links to content from earlier topics such as the endocrine system and literacy checks ensure that the students can spell and recognise the key words, which is extremely important considering how many terms begin with the letter g in this homeostatic control system. The following content is covered in this lesson: The receptors, coordination centre and effectors in the control of blood glucose concentration The release of insulin when high blood glucose levels are detected The conversion of glucose to glycogen for storage in liver and muscle cells The causes and treatments of diabetes type I and II The release of glucagon when low blood glucose levels are detected The interaction of insulin and glucagon in a negative feedback cycle As stated at the top, this lesson has been designed for GCSE-aged students who are studying the AQA GCSE Biology or Combined Science courses, but it can be used with A-level students who need to go back over the key points before looking at the homeostatic control in more detail

This fully-resourced lesson has been designed to cover the content found in specification point 5.2.3 (The eye) of topic 5 of the AQA GCSE Biology specification. This resource contains an engaging and detailed PowerPoint (46 slides) and accompanying worksheets, some of which have been differentiated to help students of different abilities to take on the task. The lesson begins with a game of IMPOSSIBLE (shown in the picture) where students are challenged to pick out the names of the 7 structures of the eye which the specification states they have to be able to identify on a diagram. Students are given the functions of the cornea and the sclera to guide them at the start of the labelling task before they have to use their previous knowledge of the nervous system to write a function for the optic nerve. Literacy and numeracy skills are tested throughout the lesson and the next round of the quiz challenges them to use synonyms to recognise the key terms of adaptation and accommodation. Time is taken to focus on the process of accommodation so that students can see how the ciliary muscles and suspensory ligaments interact to change the shape of the lens and allow both near and distant objects to be seen clearly. This takes the lesson nicely into the next section where the conditions of myopia and hyperopia are considered. Again, the students are challenged on their recognition of Biology terminology to spot that these are the medical names for short and long-sightedness. Students are guided through the correction of myopia before being challenged to write a letter to the mother of a girl who suffers from hyperopia, explaining how the lens is used to correct the defect. As stated at the top, this lesson has been designed for GCSE-aged students who are studying the AQA GCSE Biology course, but can be used with younger students who are keen to learn about the eye or with A-level students who need to go back over the key points.

This fully-resourced lesson has been designed to cover the content in point 3.17 (Inheritance of ABO blood groups) as detailed in the Edexcel GCSE Biology specification. As specified in this point, students will learn how this inheritance demonstrates both codominance and multiple alleles. A potentially difficult topic, time has been taken to include guidance sections where students are walked through the interpretation of the different genotypes to find out the phenotypes as well as constructing genetic diagrams and calculating blood groups from pedigree trees. There is a real focus on genetic terminology such as allele, locus, genotype and phenotype so that the understanding is deep and students can use this if they choose to further their studies at A-level. This lesson has been designed for GCSE-aged students studying the Edexcel GCSE Biology course but is also suitable for older students who are learning about codominance and multiple alleles at A-level

This resource has been designed to cover the higher tier content of specification point 5.3.6 as detailed in the AQA GCSE Biology & Combined Science specifications. The lesson takes the format of a day at a fertility clinic and students will see how three couples, who are at different stages of their currently unsuccessful journey to getting pregnant, are advised and the treatments that could be on offer to them. Discussion points are included throughout the lesson to encourage the students to talk about the Biology and to allow any misconceptions to be addressed if and when they arise. In addition, previous knowledge checks are regular so that the links between this topic and earlier ones such as the hormones in human reproduction and contraception can be made. Students will learn how a fertility drug may be made available and will be challenged to explain why FSH and LH would be the reproductive hormones contained in these substances. The main focus of the lesson is IVF treatment and this main task culminates with students gaining a number of key points in the for and against argument before being challenged to continue this as a set homework in the form of an evaluation. Quiz competitions are used to introduce key terms in a fun and memorable way and the final task is a mathematical skills check where students will be able to compare the high number of multiple births that are associated with this treatment as compared to the number from natural births. This lesson has been designed for students studying the AQA GCSE Biology or Combined Science course but is suitable for older students who are looking at this topic.

This fully-resourced lesson looks at the roles of glycolysis in aerobic and anaerobic respiration and explains how the sequence of reactions results in glucose being converted to pyruvate. The engaging PowerPoint and accompanying differentiated resources have been designed to cover point 7.4 of the Pearson Edexcel A-level Biology A (Salters Nuffield) specification. The lesson begins with the introduction of the name of the stage and then explains how the phosphorylation of the hexoses and the production of the ATP, coenzymes and pyruvate are the stages that need to be known for this specification. Time is taken to go through each of these stages and key points such as the use of ATP in phosphorylation are explained so that students can understand how this affects the net yield. A quick quiz competition is used to introduce NAD and the students will learn that the reduction of this coenzyme, which is followed by the transport of the protons and electrons to the cristae for the electron transport chain is critical for the overall production of ATP. Understanding checks, in a range of forms, are included throughout the lesson so that students can assess their progress and any misconceptions are immediately addressed. This lesson has been written to tie in with the other uploaded lessons on the Link reaction, Krebs cycle, oxidative phosphorylation and the production of lactate.

This is a fully-resourced lesson which uses exam-style questions, quiz competitions, quick tasks and discussion points to challenge students on their understanding of topics P5 - P7, that will assessed on PAPER 6. It has been specifically designed for students on the AQA GCSE Combined Science course who will be taking the FOUNDATION TIER examinations but is also suitable for students taking the higher tier who need to ensure that the fundamentals are known and understood. The lesson has been written to cover as many specification points as possible but the following sub-topics have been given particular attention: Factors affecting the thinking, braking and stopping distance The 7 recall and apply equations tested in PAPER 6 Using velocity-time graphs to calculate accelerations The motions represented by the different lines on a velocity-time graph Resultant forces Speed and velocity as scalar and vector quantities Converting between units Sound as an example of a longitudinal wave The EM spectrum The meaning of amplitude, wavelength, frequency and period Contact and non-contact forces Attraction and repulsion in magnets Magnetic fields The extension of a spring In order to maintain challenge whilst ensuring that all abilities can access the questions, the majority of the tasks have been differentiated and students can ask for extra support when they are unable to begin a question. Step-by-step guides have also been written into the lesson to walk students through some of the more difficult concepts such as calculating acceleration and the mathematical elements Due to the extensiveness of this revision lesson, it is estimated that it will take in excess of 2/3 teaching hours to complete the tasks and therefore this can be used at different points throughout the course as well as acting as a final revision before the PAPER 6 exam.

This is a fully-resourced lesson which uses exam-style questions, quiz competitions, quick tasks and discussion points to challenge students on their understanding of topics C6 - C10, that will assessed on PAPER 4. It has been specifically designed for students on the AQA GCSE Combined Science course who will be taking the FOUNDATION TIER examinations but is also suitable for students taking the higher tier who need to ensure that the fundamentals are known and understood. The lesson has been written to cover as many specification points as possible but the following sub-topics have been given particular attention: Hydrocarbons The first four members of the alkanes Fractional distillation of crude oil The properties of the different fractions The complete combustion of a hydrocarbon Detecting carbon dioxide, oxygen, hydrogen and chlorine gas Changes in the carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere Deforestation Polluting gases The formation of acid rain The treatment of water The collision theory In order to maintain challenge whilst ensuring that all abilities can access the questions, the majority of the tasks have been differentiated and students can ask for extra support when they are unable to begin a question. Step-by-step guides have also been written into the lesson to walk students through some of the more difficult concepts such as the changes in the Earth’s atmosphere. Due to the extensiveness of this revision lesson, it is estimated that it will take in excess of 2/3 teaching hours to complete the tasks and therefore this can be used at different points throughout the course as well as acting as a final revision before the PAPER 4 exam.

This fully-resourced lesson describes how GALP is used as a raw material in the production of monosaccharides, amino acids and other molecules. The engaging and detailed PowerPoint and accompanying resources have been primarily designed to cover point 5.7 (vii) of the Edexcel A-level Biology B specification concerning the uses of GALP but as the lesson makes continual references to biological molecules, it can act as a revision tool for a lot of the content of topic 1. The previous lesson covered the light-independent stage and this lesson builds on that understanding to demonstrate how the product of the Calvin cycle, glyceraldehyde phosphate, is used. The start of the lesson challenges the students to identify two errors in a diagram of the cycle so that they can recall that most of the GALP molecules are used in the regeneration of ribulose bisphosphate. A quiz version of Pointless runs throughout the lesson and this is used to challenge the students to recall a biological molecule from its description. Once each molecule has been revealed, time is taken to go through the details of the formation and synthesis of this molecule from GALP or from GP in the case of fatty and amino acids. The following molecules are considered in detail during this lesson: glucose (and fructose and galactose) sucrose starch and cellulose glycerol and fatty acids amino acids nucleic acids A range of activities are used to challenge their prior knowledge of these molecules and mark schemes are always displayed for the exam-style questions to allow the students to assess their understanding. As detailed above, this lesson has been specifically written to tie in with the earlier lessons in this module on the structure of the chloroplast and the light-dependent and light-independent stages of photosynthesis.

This lesson describes the differences between monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides, including glycogen and starch. The PowerPoint and accompanying resource have been designed to cover point 1.2 (i) of the Edexcel International A-level Biology specification and the main aim of the lesson is to prepare the students for the upcoming lessons on the individual carbohydrate groups. The lesson begins with a made-up round of the quiz show POINTLESS, where students have to try to identify four answers to do with carbohydrates. In doing so, they will learn or recall that these molecules are made from carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, that they are a source of energy which can sometimes be rightly or wrongly associated with obesity and that the names of the three main groups is derived from the Greek word sakkharon. A number of quick quiz rounds have been written into the lesson to introduce key terms in a fun and memorable way and the first round allows the students to meet some of common monosaccharides. Moving forwards, students will learn that a disaccharide is formed when two of these monomers are joined together and they are then challenged on their knowledge of condensation reactions which were originally encountered during the lesson on water. Students will understand how multiple reactions and multiple glycosidic bonds will result in the formation of a polysaccharide and glycogen and starch are introduced as well as amylose and amylopectin as components of this latter polymer.

This fully-resourced lesson explains the meaning of biodiversity and describes how it can be calculated within a habitat and within a species. The engaging PowerPoint and accompanying resources have been designed to cover point 4.2 of the Pearson Edexcel A-level Biology A specification and in addition to biodiversity, the meaning of endemism is also explained. A quiz competition called BIOLOGICAL TERMINOLOGY SNAP runs over the course of the lesson and this will engage the students whilst challenging them to recognise key terms from their definitions. This quiz will introduce species, population, biodiversity, endemic, heterozygote and natural selection and each of these terms is put into context once introduced. Once biodiversity has been revealed, the students will learn that they are expected to be able to measure biodiversity within a habitat, within a species and within different habitats so that they can be compared. The rest of the lesson uses step by step guides, discussion points and selected tasks to demonstrate how to determine species richness, the heterozygosity index and an index of diversity. Students are challenged with a range of exam-style questions where they have to apply their knowledge and all mark schemes are displayed and clearly explained within the PowerPoint to allow students to assess their understanding and address any misconceptions if they arise.

A fully resourced lesson presentation (60 slides) and associated worksheets that uses a combination of exam questions, quick tasks and quiz competitions to help the students to assess their understanding of the topics found within unit C2 (Elements, compounds and mixtures) of the OCR Gateway A GCSE Combined Science specification. Relative formula mass Empirical formula Pure and impure substances Filtration and crystallisation Distillation Chromatography Electronic structure Forming ions Simple molecules Giant covalent structures Carbon Students will be engaged through the numerous activities including quiz rounds like “Take the HOTSEAT” and “SEPARATE the fact from the fiction” whilst crucially being able to recognise those areas which need further attention

An engaging and informative lesson presentation (30 slides) that looks at some of the uses of stem cells in medicine. The lesson begins by challenging the students to define some key terms such as undifferentiated which are associated with these cells. Moving forwards, students will look at the uses of embryonic stem cells including in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease and for tests in drug trials. Students are challenged to consider for homework why the uses of these cells remains controversial. This lesson is designed for GCSE students

This engaging lesson presentation (48 slides) and associated worksheets uses exam questions with displayed mark schemes, quick tasks and quiz competitions to enable students to assess their understanding of the topics found within module B4 of the OCR Gateway A Combined Science specification. The topics which are specifically tested within the lesson include: Ecosystems, Competition and interdependence, The carbon cycle and Decomposers Students will enjoy the competitions such as "Number CRAZY" and "Take the HOTSEAT" whilst crucially being able to recognise those areas which need their further attention

An engaging lesson presentation (49 slides) and associated worksheets that uses a combination of exam questions, quick tasks and quiz competitions to help the students to assess their understanding of the topics found within unit C5 (Monitoring and controlling chemical reactions) of the OCR Gateway A GCSE Combined Science specification. The topics that are tested within the lesson include: Concentration of solution Rate of reaction Factors affecting the rate of reaction Reversible reactions Equilibrium position Students will be engaged through the numerous activities including quiz rounds like “Under PRESSURE” and “Number CRAZY” whilst crucially being able to recognise those areas which need further attention

This is a fully-resourced lesson that uses a variety of tasks and quick competitions to look at what happens to sound waves when they hit a boundary and how these properties are utilised for numerous functions and appliances. This lesson includes an engaging and informative lesson presentation (32 slides) and a worksheet which is differentiated two ways to enable students who are finding the topic difficult a chance to access the learning. The lesson begins by looking at how sound waves can be reflected and how this is commonly known as an echo. Students are challenged to use a provided equation to calculate a distance by using the time that the echo of a shout takes to be heard in the Grand Canyon. Moving forwards, students will see how this idea of reflection can be used with ultrasound in the imaging of the foetus. At this stage, as the cover image shows, students are challenged to complete a doctor’s letter to an expectant mother who is concerned about the ultrasound procedure. Assistance is given in the form of a differentiated worksheet for those who find it difficult. Moving forwards, students will learn that sound waves can be refracted at a boundary, just as light waves can. Working with the teacher, they will use key terms to build up an exemplar definition to explain how this refraction occurs. This lesson has been designed for GCSE aged students.

This is a fully-resourced revision lesson that uses a combination of exam questions, understanding checks, quick tasks and quiz competitions to enable students to assess their understanding of the content found within Module P6 (Radioactivity) of the OCR Gateway A GCSE Physics specification. The sub-topics and specification points that are tested within the lesson include: The atomic nuclei Recognising and representing isotopes Unstable nuclei and the emission of radiation Writing balanced equations to represent radioactive decay Explain the concept of half-life and carry out calculations to determine the half-life or time taken for decay Recall the different penetrating powers of alpha, beta and gamma Be able to describe the processes of nuclear fission and fusion Students will be engaged through the numerous quiz rounds whilst crucially being able to recognise those areas which require their further attention during general revision or during the lead up to the actual GCSE terminal exams

This is a fully-resourced revision lesson that uses a combination of exam questions, understanding checks, quick tasks and quiz competitions to enable students to assess their understanding of the content found within Topic P14 (Particle model) of the Edexcel GCSE Combined Science specification. The sub-topics and specification points that are tested within the lesson include: Explain the different states of matter in terms of movement and arrangement of particles Recall and use the equation to calculate density Explain the differences in density between the different states of matter Describe how mass is conserved during changes of state and understand how these physical changes differ from chemical changes Define the terms specific heat capacity and specific latent hear and explain the differences between them Use the equations to calculate change in thermal energy and thermal energy for a change in state Knows way to reduce unwanted energy transfer Describe the term absolute zero, in terms of the lack of movement of particles Convert between the kelvin and Celsius scales Students will be engaged through the numerous quiz rounds whilst crucially being able to recognise those areas which require their further attention during general revision or during the lead up to the actual GCSE terminal exams

This fully-resourced lesson explores sex-linkage and specifically the inheritance of sex-linked diseases in humans and then challenges the students to apply their knowledge to examples in other animals. The detailed PowerPoint and associated differentiated resources have been designed to cover the part of point 16.2 (b) of the CIE International A-level Biology specification which states that students should be able to use genetic diagrams to solve problems involving sex-linkage. Key genetic terminology is used throughout and the lesson begins with a check on their ability to identify the definition of homologous chromosomes. Students will recall that the sex chromosomes are not fully homologous and that the smaller Y chromosome lacks some of the genes that are found on the X. This leads into one of the numerous discussion points, where students are encouraged to consider whether females or males are more likely to suffer from sex-linked diseases. In terms of humans, the lesson focuses on haemophilia and red-green colour blindness and a step-by-step guide is used to demonstrate how these specific genetic diagrams should be constructed and how the phenotypes should then be interpreted. The final tasks of the lesson challenge the students to carry out a dihybrid cross that involves a sex-linked disease and an autosomal disease before applying their knowledge to a question about chickens and how the rate of feather production in chicks can be used to determine gender. All of the tasks are differentiated so that students of differing abilities can access the work and all exam questions have fully-explained, visual markschemes to allow them to assess their progress and address any misconception

This lesson describes the mode of actions of macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes. The engaging PowerPoint and accompanying resource have been primarily designed to cover point 6.7 (i) of the Edexcel A-level Biology B specification but includes an introduction to antigen-presentation so that the students are prepared for upcoming lessons on the cell-mediated and humoral responses. At the start of the lesson, the students are challenged to recall that cytosis is a suffix associated with transport mechanisms and this introduces phagocytosis as a form of endocytosis which takes in pathogens and foreign particles. This emphasis on key terminology runs throughout the course of the lesson and students are encouraged to consider how the start or end of a word can be used to determine meaning. The process of phagocytosis is then split into 5 key steps and time is taken to discuss the role of opsonins as well as the fusion of lysosomes and the release of lysozymes. A series of application questions are used to challenge the students on their ability to make links to related topics including an understanding of how the hydrolysis of the peptidoglycan wall of a bacteria results in lysis. Students will be able to distinguish between neutrophils and monocytes from a diagram and at this point, the role of macrophages and dendritic cells as antigen-presenting cells is described so that it can be used in the next lesson. The lesson concludes with an introduction to lymphocytes so that initial links between phagocytosis and the specific immune responses are made.