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I am a History Teacher with a love for producing high quality and easily accessible history lessons, which I have accumulated and adapted for over 20 years of my teaching career. I appreciate just how time consuming teaching now is and the difficulty of constantly producing resources for an ever changing curriculum.

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I am a History Teacher with a love for producing high quality and easily accessible history lessons, which I have accumulated and adapted for over 20 years of my teaching career. I appreciate just how time consuming teaching now is and the difficulty of constantly producing resources for an ever changing curriculum.
Adolf Hitler and Nazi Germany
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Adolf Hitler and Nazi Germany

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Rise of the Dictators This lesson aims to challenge preconceptions and assumptions that Hitler was a monster from birth, determined to commit mass murder and genocide. Growing up with his parents, his schooling, his move to Vienna and his life as a soldier are scrutinised as students have many opportunities to make judgements which are ultimately challenged at the end. The lesson starts with finding out what the students know about Germany after the First World War and which statements Hitler could have said or supported during his life. The lesson includes a lot of visual evidence (such as Hitler’s propaganda posters) and well as video evidence of his life as a young boy. There is a differentiated research activity in which there is a chance for students to conduct their own independent investigations before reporting their final conclusions to the class. This lesson would also be ideal for a non specialist or as preparation for GCSE if you are embedding source skills, teaching the interwar years or World War 2 at Key Stage 4. The lesson is enquiry based with a key question using a lightbulb posed at the start of the lesson and revisited to show the progress of learning. The resource includes suggested teaching strategies, differentiated materials and comes in PowerPoint format if there is a wish to adapt and change.
Josef Stalin and the Soviet Union
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Josef Stalin and the Soviet Union

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Rise of Dictators The aim of this lesson is for students to assess and judge the character and legacy of Stalin. The lesson begins by discovering what the students already know about Russia today or about Stalin. They will also analyse some video footage, complete a true or false quiz and then use this information to prioritise some significant facts about his early life. The main task will involve students evaluating how evil Stalin was, by giving him a rating out of 10 for a number of his policies during his rule of the Soviet Union, such as his Purges and the Five-Year Plans. This can be followed up by an extended writing exercise, using prompts and key literacy words to help. A Connect 4 interactive plenary activity will consolidate the learning of the lesson of Stalin’s life and his dictatorship of the Soviet Union. The lesson is enquiry based with a key question using a lightbulb posed at the start of the lesson and revisited throughout this and lessons to show the progress of learning. The resource includes suggested teaching strategies, differentiated materials and comes in PowerPoint format if there is a wish to adapt and change.
Robert Mugabe and Dictatorship in Zimbabwe
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Robert Mugabe and Dictatorship in Zimbabwe

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Rise of Dictators The aim of this lesson is to decide if Robert Mugabe was a hero or a villain. Students are introduced to his early life in a text mapping exercise which they have to decipher to understand his credentials for Presidency. They are given information about Mugabe’s career, such as land reform and human rights abuses, from which they then have to give a number of ratings as to whether he was indeed a hero or villain. Subsequent video footage gives the thoughts of people from Zimbabwe today as well as other commentators to help them in their comprehension of the task in hand. An extended written piece, using a writing frame, will allow students to demonstrate their understanding and give a full evaluation of his rule. A fragment exercise as well as a find and fix plenary recaps on what they have learnt in the lesson and reinforces their judgements of him. The lesson is enquiry based with a key question using a lightbulb posed at the start of the lesson and revisited to show the progress of learning. The resource includes suggested teaching strategies, differentiated materials and comes in PowerPoint format if there is a wish to adapt and change.
Idi Amin's regime and Dictatorship in Uganda
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Idi Amin's regime and Dictatorship in Uganda

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Rise of Dictators The aim of this lesson is to decide if Idi Amin was either an idiot or just simply evil. Students learn about his early life with an absent father and a poor education, completing a missing word exercise, Thus their initial leanings of sympathy towards him may lead them to question the aims of the lesson. However they will soon have to analyse information of how he came to power and his subsequent rule of Uganda, including Human rights abuses. By rating each episode of his life, this should be able to challenge their original assertions and begin to make valid judgements about him. Further video evidence will enable them to make an overall evaluation on his reign as Ugandan President. Being a heavyweight boxing champion of Uganda gives a nice link to a ‘boxing’ debate on his leadership qualities and personality. The debate also recaps on some key words used as with the plenary which requires them to complete a literacy race. The lesson is enquiry based with a key question using a lightbulb posed at the start of the lesson and revisited to show the progress of learning. The resource includes suggested teaching strategies, differentiated materials and comes in PowerPoint format if there is a wish to adapt and change.
Dictators  and Dictatorships of the 20th Century Bundle
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Dictators and Dictatorships of the 20th Century Bundle

10 Resources
This bundle follows the Key Stage 3 National Curriculum - challenges for Britain, Europe and the wider world, 1901 to the present day with a focus on the rise of Dictators The aims of this bundle are to know and assess the characters and personalities of a number of Dictators of the Twentieth Century and understand how they have shaped our history today. I have also created and used these lessons to challenge and engage students and to show how much fun learning about this part of history really is. Students will learn and understand key historical skills throughout such as change and continuity in Dictatorships of the Twentieth Century, the causes and consequences of Castro’s Cuban Revolution and the similarities and differences of Dictators such as Hitler and Stalin. They will also learn about the significance of the abdication of Tsar Nicholas and his subsequent murder, the execution of Saddam Hussein as well as interpretations as to how much love their was for Chairman Mao in China. The lessons are as follows: L1 Tsar Nicholas L2 Adolf Hitler L3 Josef Stalin L4 Benito Mussolini L5 Chairman Mao L6 Fidel Castro L7 Saddam Hussein L8 Idi Amin L9 Robert Mugabe L10 Francisco Franco (free resource) This bundle includes some retrieval practice activities, suggested teaching strategies and differentiated materials. All lessons come in PowerPoint format if there is a wish to adapt and change.
Germany under Kaiser Wilhelm II - his leadership, Government and Weltpolitik
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Germany under Kaiser Wilhelm II - his leadership, Government and Weltpolitik

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AQA GCSE Germany 1890-1945: Democracy and Dictatorship This lesson focuses on Weltpolitik (German foreign policy) and the dangers for the Kaiser faced with increasing industrialisation in the country and his pursuit of creating an Empire abroad so that ‘Germany could have its place in the sun’. Included in the lesson are a number of sources and charts, links to videos and information on increasing militarism for the students to analyse and evaluate to decide the strength of Germany under the Kaiser and its weakenesses. Some GCSE exam question practice is included with help given to answer them if required. The lesson is enquiry based with a key question using a lightbulb posed at the start of the lesson and revisited to show the progress of learning. The resource includes suggested teaching strategies, retrieval practice, differentiated materials and comes in PowerPoint format if there is a wish to adapt and change.
Ruhr Crisis and hyperinflation - economic problems in Weimar Germany, 1923
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Ruhr Crisis and hyperinflation - economic problems in Weimar Germany, 1923

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AQA GCSE Germany 1890-1945:Democracy and Dictatorship This lesson focuses on two key questions - how were the Ruhr crisis and hyperinflation so closely linked together and how did they create both economic and political problems for the Weimar Republic between 1919 and 1923? The lesson is split into two parts; the first focusing on why the French decided to invade the Ruhr region of Germany and secondly the consequences for them and for Germany when they did. Students have to answer key questions on the invasion of the Ruhr and analyse sources which infer French brutality. A literacy task to follow challenges students’ understanding of the key words used. The second part of the lesson explains the causes and consequences of hyperinflation, its economic impact and winners and well as the losers in Weimar Germany. Some GCSE question practice at the end gives a student friendly markscheme to peer and self assess. There is a plethora of video footage and primary sources to analyse throughout the lesson as well as simplified and chronological explanations. The lesson is enquiry based with a key question using a lightbulb posed at the start of the lesson and revisited to show the progress of learning. The resource includes suggested teaching strategies, retrieval practice, differentiated materials and comes in PowerPoint format if there is a wish to adapt and change.
Munich Beer Hall Putsch of 1923
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Munich Beer Hall Putsch of 1923

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AQA GSCE Germany 1890-1945: Democracy and Dictatorship The aim of this lesson is to judge whether the Munich Beer Hall Putsch was a success or a disaster for the Nazis The start of the lesson focuses on what Hitler wanted and students have to decide why he instigated a Putsch in the first place in Munich, Bavaria. With reference to text, source analysis and video clips, students then have to prioritise the short term consequences for Hitler and his followers and the main reasons why Hitler’s planned coup failed. The final part of the lesson focuses on what we now see as his success. Students again have to give reasons why he came out of this episode unscathed and to some extent even bolstered his reputation in the long term. In the plenary, students have to relay what they have learnt in a summarising pyramid. The lesson is enquiry based with a key question using a lightbulb posed at the start of the lesson and revisited to show the progress of learning. The resource includes suggested teaching strategies, retrieval practice, differentiated materials and comes in PowerPoint format if there is a wish to adapt and change.
Treaty of Versailles - its terms and impact on Weimar Germany
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Treaty of Versailles - its terms and impact on Weimar Germany

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AQA GCSE Germany 1890-1945: Democracy and Dictatorship The aim of this lesson is to analyse the terms of the Treay of Versailles and its impact upon Weimar Germany. From the start, students have to understand how difficult it was for the Allies (the Big Three) to decide how to treat Germany at the end of the war. Moreover when they did eventually agree, how did it affect Germany with its reparations for example and what were it terms? The emphasis is also on how students can remember the terms of the treaty, especially with the land lost, complete with difficult spellings such as Schleswig-Holstein and Alsace-Lorraine. Learning tasks include making notes from video evidence, creating a chatterbox, analysing sources, completing quizzes and filling in a ‘find someone who can’ worksheet (a brilliant idea from Aaron Wilkes). The second part of the lesson focuses on GCSE exam practice using cartoon sources related to the Treaty as well as how to answer the first three source questions on the exam, with help on how to answer each. The lesson is enquiry based with a key question using a lightbulb posed at the start of the lesson and revisited to show the progress of learning. The resource includes suggested teaching strategies, retrieval practice, differentiated materials and comes in PowerPoint format if there is a wish to adapt and change.
Nazi Germany economy and the Four Year Plan
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Nazi Germany economy and the Four Year Plan

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AQA GCSE Germany 1890-1945: Democracy and Dictatorship The aim of this lesson is to assess the strengths and weaknesses of the Nazi economy and Hitler’s economic policies. Students are taken on a journey of success, from video footage of the time to Goebbels propaganda, a fall in unemployment as well as the ‘Strength Through Joy’ scheme. However further analysis, especially with aims of the Four Year Plan under Hermann Goering and autarky, shows the enormous cracks appearing in Nazi economic policy. A further look at the Home Front also proves how desperate Germans had become. Students will complete their own chart and scrutinise the evidence to come up with their own conclusions before deciding if the Nazis truly brought economic success. The GCSE question at the end focuses on which groups were more affected with Nazi economic policies and a self and peer assessment task is included to help the students mark their answers. The lesson is enquiry based with a key question using a lightbulb posed at the start of the lesson and revisited to show the progress of learning. The resource includes suggested teaching strategies, retrieval practice, differentiated materials and comes in PowerPoint format if there is a wish to adapt and change.
Churches in Nazi Germany - religion under Hitler
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Churches in Nazi Germany - religion under Hitler

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**AQA GCSE Germany 1890-1945: Democracy and Dictatorship ** The aim of this lesson is to examine the role of the Churches in Nazi Germany and to decide how much control Hitler exerted over them. The lesson starts by studying Christianity in Germany and explains why there was a conflict of interest with the State. Nazi policies to both the Catholic and Protestant Churches are analysed as students have to interpret the threats they both posed to Hitler who wanted to control them. Furthermore students have to distinguish the differences between the Christian Churches and the new Nazi Reich Church. There are some excellent links to video footage which explain why there was such a lack of opposition and a united front from the Churches, despite such fortitude and resolve from Cardinal Galen and Martin Niemoller. A thinking quilt poses some enquiry and GCSE questions, which students have to answer by linking specific key words to them. The lesson is enquiry based with a key question using a lightbulb posed at the start of the lesson and revisited to show the progress of learning. The resource includes suggested teaching strategies, retrieval practice, differentiated materials and comes in PowerPoint format if there is a wish to adapt and change.
Democracy and Nazi Germany A Level Bundle, Part 3
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Democracy and Nazi Germany A Level Bundle, Part 3

10 Resources
AQA GCE A Level Democracy and Nazism: Germany 1918-45 Nazi Dictatorship 1933-39 I have produced this bundle of resources on the beginnings of the Nazi Dictatorship 1933-39 to help A Level students gain a deeper understanding of Germany’s past and the establishment of a Dictatorship. The enquiry question throughout these lessons will be evaluate how much of a totalitarian state Germany became under the Nazis. Students will learn about the impact of the Night of the Long Knives and the significance Hindenburg’s death had on Hitler’s consolidation of power. They will also explore the mechanisms and apparatus Hitler installed to provoke fear and ensure compliance among the population, including the roles of the Gestapo and SS. Students will assess the effectiveness of Nazi propaganda in controlling public perception and opinion., the economic policies of the Four Year Plan and autarky and the impact upon workers of the DAF, Strength Through Joy and Beauty of Labour programmes. Finally students will analyse the efficacy of social policies on the young and women and decide how successfully the Churches were brought into line and replaced with the Nazis version of Christianity. The resources provided include detailed lesson plans, case studies, source documents for analysis, chronological tasks and exam practice questions with comprehensive mark schemes. The lessons are as follows: L1 One Party State (Free resource) L2 The Night of the Long Knives L3 The Terror State L4 Early Opposition L5 Propaganda L6 Economic Policy L7 Youth Groups L8 Women L9 Workers L10 The Churches The lessons include the two types of exam question used, with examples of how to tackle them, using model answers, helpful hints and tips, structuring and scaffolding as well as markschemes. However, please refer to the AQA website for further assessment materials as they are subject to copyright. The lessons are also differentiated and fully resourced and allow students to reach the very top marks. If you have any questions about the lessons, please email me via my TES shop, or any other information about the course. I would also welcome any reviews, which would be gratefully appreciated.
German Home Front 1939-45: the war economy
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German Home Front 1939-45: the war economy

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AQA GCSE Germany 1890-1945: Democracy and Dictatorship The aim of this lesson is to evaluate the problems German civilians faced at home during the Second World War. Students are given lots of contextual knowledge with challenging and exciting tasks aimed at answering the typical GCSE questions set in the exam. They will judge how and why the war was a good thing for Germans at the beginning and why Nazi policies made it so bad as the war drew to a close. There is some excellent information taken from the BBC Bitesize website which the students have to recall and analyse in a thinking quilt and summarising pyramid. At the end of the lesson, the students will be ready to complete some GCSE questions with a simplified markscheme to help them. The lesson is enquiry based with a key question using a lightbulb posed at the start of the lesson and revisited to show the progress of learning. The resource includes suggested teaching strategies, retrieval practice, differentiated materials and comes in PowerPoint format if there is a wish to adapt and change.
Spartacists and Kapp Putsch - Weimar Germany
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Spartacists and Kapp Putsch - Weimar Germany

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AQA GCSE Germany 1890-1945: Democracy and Dictatorship This lesson focuses on why the new Government was so unpopular and why there were so many political uprisings against it. Students have to question whether these putsches were merely political in nature or whether there were economic forces at play as well. Students also have to analyse the Spartacist rising and the Kapp Putsch and understand their causes and why they ultimately failed. There are some excellent links to video footage as well as a colour coding literacy thinking quilt. The lesson is enquiry based with a key question using a lightbulb posed at the start of the lesson and revisited to show the progress of learning. The resource includes suggested teaching strategies, retrieval practice, differentiated materials and comes in PowerPoint format if there is a wish to adapt and change.
AQA GCSE Germany 1890-1945 Democracy and Dictatorship Bundle Part 1
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AQA GCSE Germany 1890-1945 Democracy and Dictatorship Bundle Part 1

10 Resources
This bundle is the first part in a series of lessons I have created for AQA GCSE Germany 1890-1945: Democracy and Dictatorship. As well as focusing on GCSE exam practice questions, the lessons apply the skills necessary to enable the students to achieve the highest grades. The lessons will allow students to demonstrate (AO1) knowledge and understanding of the key features and characteristics of the period studied from the Kaiser and the problems he faced as well as the implementation of the Treaty of Versailles and the challenges faced by the Weimar Government. They will study (AO2) second-order concepts such as change and continuity in the new Weimar Constitution and the causes and consequences of Stresemann’s policies. The analysis and evaluation of sources (AO3) are used in for example the Treaty of Versailles and the Munich Beer Hall Putsch lessons whilst substantiated judgements are made (AO4) on political and economic problems of the Weimar Republic as well as questioning whether the later 1920’s really were a Golden Age. The lessons are as follows: L1 Kaiser Wilhelm II (free resource) L2 The Kaiser’s Government and Weltpolitik L3 The impact of World War 1 on Germany (free resource) L4 The Weimar Constitution and Political Parties L5 The Treaty of Versailles L6 Political Uprisings – the Spartacists and the Kapp Putsch (free resource) L7 The Ruhr Crisis and Hyperinflation L8 The Munich Beer Hall Putsch L9 Gustav Stresemann L10 The Golden Age of Stresemann Please note that setting a full mock examination in class after completing this unit is strongly recommended. All the examination resources and markschemes are subject to copyright but can easily be found on the AQA website. The resources all include suggested teaching strategies, retrieval practice, differentiated materials and come in PowerPoint format if there is a wish to adapt and change. Any reviews would be gratefully received.
Edexcel GCSE Historic Environment: British Sector of the Western Front Bundle
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Edexcel GCSE Historic Environment: British Sector of the Western Front Bundle

7 Resources
I have created these set of resources for the History GCSE Edexcel Historic Environment for the British sector of the Western Front, 1914-1918. The central question throughout these seven lessons is to find out how medicine developed throughout the conflict of World War 1. They are closely linked together and address all the content required for this unit. Pupils will learn about the injuries, treatment and life in the trenches for the soldiers. Key ideas include: The historical context of medicine in the early Twentieth Century and the move to aseptic surgery The trench system and its construction and organisation The context of the British sector including Northern France and Flanders The problems with communications and infrastructure due to the nature of the terrain The nature of wounds received and the conditions requiring medical treatment The work of organisations such as the RAMC and FANY The significance of the Western Front for experiments in surgery and new techniques used. The lessons are broken down into the following: L1: Introduction and the trench system L2: Flanders and Northern France L3: Move to aseptic surgery (free lesson) L4: Deadly weapons and injuries L5: Trench warfare and the problems of transport L6: Helping and treating the wounded L7: GCSE exam question practice Each lesson comes with suggested teaching and learning strategies and are linked to the latest historical interpretations and ideas used by current history teachers. The lessons are fully adaptable in PowerPoint and can be changed to suit. I have included a free lesson to give an idea of what is being offered.
AQA GCSE Health and the People Bundle Part 2
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AQA GCSE Health and the People Bundle Part 2

8 Resources
This bundle is the second part in a series of lessons I have created for AQA GCSE 9-1 Britain: Health and the People, c.1000-present. I have taught this course for more than 20 years now and have again decided to completely overhaul my lessons to bring them up to date with the latest teaching and learning ideas I have picked up and with a focus on the new 9-1 GCSE. Furthermore I have dispensed with learning objectives to focus on specific enquiry based questions which address the knowledge and skills required for the GCSE questions. As well as focusing on GCSE exam practice questions, the lessons are all differentiated and are tailored to enable the students to achieve the highest grades. The lessons will allow students to demonstrate (AO1) knowledge and understanding of the key features and characteristics of the period studied from the brilliance of the surgical skills of John Hunter to the discovery of the vaccination for smallpox by Edward Jenner. They will study (AO2) second-order concepts such as change and continuity in the development of ideas about disease and the causes and consequences for surgery with the discovery and anaesthetics and antiseptics. The analysis and evaluation of sources (AO3) are used in for example Public Health in the 19th Century whilst substantiated judgements are made (AO4) on the progression or regression of medicine from the Renaissance pioneers such as Vesalius, Pare and Harvey to the discovery and isolation of germs by Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch. The lessons are as follows: L8 Renaissance Medicine L9 Medicine in the 17th and 18th Century (free resource) L10 John Hunter L11 Edward Jenner and smallpox L12 Surgery in the 19th Century L13 Florence Nightingale and hospitals L14 Pasteur, Koch and Tyndall L15 Public Health in the 19th Century The lessons are fully adaptable in PowerPoint and can be changed to suit. Please note that setting a full mock examination in class after completing this unit is strongly recommended. All the examination resources and markschemes are subject to copyright but can easily be found on the AQA website. .
AQA GCSE Health and the People Bundle Part 1
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AQA GCSE Health and the People Bundle Part 1

7 Resources
This bundle is the first part in a series of lessons I have created for AQA GCSE Britain: Health and the People, c.1000-present. I have taught this course for more than 20 years now and have again decided to completely overhaul my lessons to bring them up to date with the latest teaching and learning ideas I have picked up and with a focus on the new 9-1 GCSE. Furthermore I have dispensed with learning objectives to focus on specific enquiry based questions which address the knowledge and skills required for the GCSE questions. As well as focusing on GCSE exam practice questions, the lessons are all differentiated and are tailored to enable the students to achieve the highest grades. The lessons will allow students to demonstrate (AO1) knowledge and understanding of the key features and characteristics of the period studied from the impact of Hippocrates and Galen on medieval medicine to the power and control of the Christian Church. They will study (AO2) second-order concepts such as change and continuity in the development of ideas about disease and the causes and consequences of the Black Death and the Plague on Britain. The analysis and evaluation of sources (AO3) are used in for example surgery whilst substantiated judgements are made (AO4) on the progression or regression of medicine from new ideas from the Islamic world as well as the Christian Church . The lessons are as follows: L1 An introduction to the course L2 Hippocrates and Galen L3 The influence of the Christian Church L4 Islamic Medicine (free resource) L5 Doctors and surgeons in the Middle Ages L6 Public Health in the Medieval towns L7 The Black Death and the Plague The lessons are fully adaptable in PowerPoint and can be changed to suit. Please note that setting a full mock examination in class after completing this unit is strongly recommended. All the examination resources and markschemes are subject to copyright but can easily be found on the AQA website.
AQA GCSE Health and the People Bundle Part 3
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AQA GCSE Health and the People Bundle Part 3

6 Resources
This bundle is the third part in a series of lessons I have created for AQA GCSE Britain: Health and the People, c.1000-present. I have taught this course for more than 20 years now and have again decided to completely overhaul my lessons to bring them up to date with the latest teaching and learning ideas I have picked up and with a focus on the new 9-1 GCSE. Furthermore I have dispensed with learning objectives to focus on specific enquiry based questions which address the knowledge and skills required for the GCSE questions. As well as focusing on GCSE exam practice questions, the lessons are all differentiated and are tailored to enable the students to achieve the highest grades. The lessons will allow students to demonstrate (AO1) knowledge and understanding of the key features and characteristics of the period studied from the brilliance of the surgical skills learnt during wars and conflict to the growth of the pharmaceutical companies such as Wellcome. They will study (AO2) second-order concepts such as change and continuity in the development of ideas about disease and the causes and consequences for health care with the introduction of the NHS. The analysis and evaluation of sources (AO3) are used in for example in the Factors Question whilst substantiated judgements are made (AO4) on the progression of medicine from twentieth century developments in sulphonamides and the discovery of Penicillin. The lessons are as follows: L16 The Liberal Reforms L17 Medicine and War (free resource) L18 The Pharmaceutical Companies L19 Penicillin L20 The NHS L21 The Factors Question The lessons are fully adaptable in PowerPoint and can be changed to suit. Please note that setting an assessment in class after completing this unit is strongly recommended. All the examination resources and markschemes are subject to copyright but can easily be found on the AQA website.
Edexcel  GCSE Cold War Superpower relations Bundle Part 2
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Edexcel GCSE Cold War Superpower relations Bundle Part 2

11 Resources
This bundle is the second part in a series of lessons I have created for Edexcel GCSE 9-1: Superpower relations and the Cold War, 1941-1991. The lessons are all differentiated, fully resourced, amendable on Powerpoint and are tailored to enable the students to achieve the highest grades. The lessons will allow students to demonstrate (AO1) knowledge and understanding of the key features and characteristics of the period studied from the building of the Berlin Wall and its eventual collapse to the end of the Cold War. They will also explain and analyse (AO2) second-order concepts such as change and continuity in tensions between East and West such as détente and Reagan’s Second Cold War and the causes and consequences of the Cuban Missile Crisis, the Prague Spring, the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and Gorbachev’s new ideas. The lessons are as follows: L12 Berlin Ultimatum L13 Building the Berlin Wall L14 Cuba and the Bay of Pigs L15 Cuban Missile Crisis L16 Prague Spring L17 Détente and SALT 1 L18 Helsinki Accords and SALT 2 (Free Resource) L19 Soviet invasion of Afghanistan L20 Reagan and the Second Cold War L21 Gorbachev’s new ideas L22 Fall of the Berlin Wall The lessons are enquiry based with a key question of how close was the world to a nuclear war using a lightbulb posed at the start of the lessons and revisited throughout to show the progress of learning. The lessons in this bundle are therefore linked together to build up a picture of how diplomacy, propaganda and spying led two Superpowers with opposing political ideologies to create tensions, rivalries and distrust as well as form mutual understanding and cooperation over the time period in question. The resources include retrieval practice, suggested teaching strategies, differentiated materials and GCSE exam practice questions. They all come in Powerpoint format if there is a wish to adapt and change.