Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 4.12 -Understand the biological consequences of pollution of air by sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide. Specification Point 4.13 - Understand that water vapour, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane and CFCs are greenhouse gases. Specification Point 4.14 - Understand how human activities contribute to greenhouse gases. Specification Point 4.15- Understand how an increase in greenhouse gases results in an enhanced greenhouse effect and that this may lead to global warming and its consequences. Specification Point 4.16 - Understand the biological consequences of pollution of water by sewage. Specification Point 4.17 - Understand the biological consequences of eutrophication caused by leached minerals from fertilizer. Complete set of Chapter 6 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 4.29C - Know that alcohols contain the functional group −OH. Specification Point 4.30C - Understand how to draw structural and displayed formulae for methanol, ethanol, propanol and butanol and name each compound. Specification Point 4.31C - Know that how ethanol can be oxidised. Specification Point 4.32C - Know how ethanol can be manufactured. Specification Point 4.33C - Understand the reasons for fermentation, in the absence of air, and at an optimum temperature. Specification Point 4.34C - Know that carboxylic acids contain the functional group -COOH. Specification Point 4.35C - Understand how to draw structural and displayed formulae for unbranched-chain carboxylic acids with up to four carbon atoms in the molecule, and name each compound. Specification Point 4.36C - Describe the reactions of aqueous solutions of carboxylic acids with metals and metal carbonates. Specification Point 4.37C - Know that vinegar is an aqueous solution containing ethanoic acid. Complete set of Chapter 7 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 8.7 - Understand how stars can be classified according to their colour. Specification Point 8.8 - Know that a star’s colour is related to its surface temperature. Specification Point 8.9 - Describe the evolution of stars of similar mass to the Sun through the following stages: nebula, star, red giant and white dwarf. Specification Point 8.10 - Describe the evolution of stars with a mass larger than the Sun. Complete set of Chapter 8 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 7.1 - Use the following units: becquerel (Bq), centimetre (cm), hour (h), minute (min) and second (s). Specification Point 7.2 - Describe the structure of an atom in terms of protons, neutrons and electrons. Specification Point 7.3 - Know the terms atomic number, mass number and isotope. Specification Point 7.4 - Know that alpha particles, beta particles and gamma rays are ionising radiations emitted from unstable nuclei in a random process. Specification Point 7.5 - Describe the nature of alpha particles, beta particles, and gamma rays, and recall that they may be distinguished in terms of penetrating power and ability to ionise. Specification Point 7.6 - Practical: investigate the penetration powers of different types of radiation using either radioactive sources or simulations. Specification Point 7.7 - Describe the effects on the atomic and mass numbers of a nucleus of the emission of each of the four main types of radiation (alpha, beta, gamma and neutron radiation). Specification Point 7.8 - Understand how to balance nuclear equations in terms of mass and charge. Complete set of Chapter 7 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 8.11P - Understand how the brightness of a star at a standard distance can be represented using absolute magnitude. Specification Point 8.12P - Draw the main components of the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram. Specification Point 8.13P - Describe the past evolution of the universe and the main arguments in favour of the Big Bang theory. Specification Point 8.14P - Describe evidence that supports the Big Bang theory. Specification Point 8.15P - Describe that if a wave source is moving relative to an observer, there will be a change in the observed frequency and wavelength. Specification Point 8.16P - Use the equation relating to change in wavelength, reference wavelength, velocity of a galaxy and the speed of light. Specification Point 8.17P - Describe the red-shift in light received from galaxies at different distances away from the Earth. Specification Point 8.18P - Explain why the red-shift of galaxies provides evidence for the expansion of the universe. Complete set of Chapter 8 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 4.4.1.2 - Rate of photosynthesis. Complete set of Chapter 4 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 4.5.3.4 - Hormones in human reproduction. Specification Point 4.5.3.5 - Contraception. Specification Point 4.5.3.6 - The use of hormones to treat infertility. Specification Point 4.5.3.7 - Negative feedback. Complete set of Chapter 5 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 4.3.1.1 - Communicable diseases. Specification Point 4.3.1.2 - Viral diseases. Specification Point 4.3.1.3 - Bacterial diseases. Specification Point 4.3.1.4 - Fungal diseases. Specification Point 4.3.1.5 - Protist diseases. Complete set of Chapter 3 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 4.2.2.1: The human digestive system. Practical 4 - Conduct qualitative chemical tests for starch, reducing sugars, proteins, and lipids. Complete set of Chapter 2 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 4.2.3.1 - Plant tissues. Specification Point 4.2.3.2 - Plant organ systems. Complete set of Chapter 2 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 2.15 - Know and use the relationship between charge, current and time. Specification Point 2.16 - Know that electric current in solid metallic conductors is a flow of negatively charged electrons. Specification Point 2.17 - Understand why current is conserved at a junction in a circuit. Specification Point 2.18 - Know that the voltage across two components connected in parallel is the same. Specification Point 2.19 - Calculate the currents, voltages and resistances of two resistive components connected in a series circuit. Specification Point 2.20 - Know that voltage is the energy transferred per unit charge passed and that the volt is a joule per coulomb. Specification Point 2.21 - Know and use the relationship between energy transferred, charge and voltage. Complete set of Chapter 2 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 7.10 - Explain the sources of background radiation from Earth and space. Specification Point 7.11 - Know that the activity of a radioactive source decreases over a period of time and is measured in becquerels. Specification Point 7.12 - Know the definition of the term half-life and understand that it is different for different radioactive isotopes. Specification Point 7.13 - Use the concept of the half-life to carry out simple calculations on activity, including graphical methods. Specification Point 7.14 - Describe uses of radioactivity in industry and medicine. Specification Point 7.15 - Describe the difference between contamination and irradiation. Specification Point 7.16 - Describe the dangers of ionising radiations and how to dispose of radioactive waste. Complete set of Chapter 7 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 6.9P - Describe the construction of electromagnets. Specification Point 6.10P - Draw magnetic field patterns for a straight wire, a flat circular coil and a solenoid when each is carrying a current. Specification Point 6.11P - Know that there is a force on a charged particle when it moves in a magnetic field as long as its motion is not parallel to the field. Specification Point 6.17P - Describe the structure of a transformer, and understand that a transformer changes the size of an alternating voltage by having different numbers of turns on the input and output sides. Specification Point 6.18P - Explain the use of step-up and step-down transformers in the large-scale generation and transmission of electrical energy. Specification Point 6.19P - Know and use the relationship between input and output voltages and the turns ratio for a transformer. Specification Point 6.20P - Know and use the relationship between input power and output power. Complete set of Chapter 6 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 3.3.14 - Organic synthesis. Specification Point 3.3.16 - Chromatography. Complete set of Chapter 8 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 3.3.13.1 - Amino acids. Specification Point 3.3.13.2 - Proteins. Specification Point 3.3.13.3 - Enzymes. Complete set of Chapter 8 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 3.3.13.4 - DNA. Specification Point 3.3.13.5 - Action of anticancer drugs. Complete set of Chapter 8 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 3.3.15 - Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Complete set of Chapter 8 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 3.3.12.1 - Condensation polymers. Specification Point 3.3.12.2 - Biodegradability and disposal of polymers. Complete set of Chapter 8 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 3.3.11 - Amines. Specification Point 3.3.11.1 - Preparation of amines. Specification Point 3.3.11.2 - Base properties of amines. Specification Point 3.3.11.3 - Nucleophilic properties of amines. Complete set of Chapter 8 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 3.3.9.2 - Acylation. Practical 10: Preparation and purification of organic compounds. Complete set of Chapter 8 Lectures are available.