Complete set of notes for each specification point (2.1 - 2.95) for Topic 2 (Structure and Functions in Living Organisms) of the GCSE Biology Edexcel IGCSE Exam Board. Suitable for 2024 or 2025 exams. Written by a GCSE Student, using lots of resources to create accurate notes to aid exams. Includes paper 1 and paper 2 notes (paper 2 is underlined), images, and diagrams and any practicals at the end of the document. Topics covered: *** Level of Organisations:** * Organ Systems *** Cell Structure:** * Plants and Animal Cells * Specialised Cells * Stem Cells *** Biological Molecules:** * Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids * Enzymes *** Movement of Substances Into and Out of Cells:** * Diffusion * Osmosis * Active Transport *** Nutrition:** * Photosynthesis * Minerals * Components of the Diet * Peristalsis * Villus *** Respiration:** * Aerobic vs Anaerobic *** Gas Exchange:** * Diffusion * Structure of the Leaf * Stomata * Lungs * Smoking *** Transport:** * Xylem * Phloem * Root Hair Cells * Transpiration * Vaccines * Heart * Arteries, Veins, Capillaries *** Excretion:** * Excretory Products * Kidneys * Nephrons * ADH *** Co-ordination and Response:** * Homeostasis * Auxins * Neurotransmitters * Synapses * Reflex Arc * Eye * Cooling/Heating Mechanisms * Adrenaline * LH/FSH/Insulin *** PRACTICALS**

Complete set of notes for each specification point (1.1 - 1.4) for Topic 1 (The Nature and Variety of Living Organisms) of the GCSE Biology Edexcel IGCSE Exam Board. Suitable for 2024 or 2025 exams. Written by a GCSE Student, using lots of resources to create accurate notes to aid exams. Topics covered: Characteristics of Living Organisms: * MRS C GREN Variety of Living Organisms: * Plants * Fungi * Protocists * Animals * Bacteria * Pathogens * Viruses