AS/A2 Level Year 12/13 Immune System Immunity Revision Booklet Pack

Revision pack for students to fill out (including exam tips and practice questions), covering the following topics on the immune system…

LO1) Describe the physical and chemical (non-specific) defences against pathogens in animals, including the skin, blood clotting, wound repair, inflammation, expulsive reflexes and mucous membranes.
LO2) Describe the structure and mode of action of phagocytes in the non-specific (innate) immune response, including neutrophils and antigen-presenting cells and the roles of cytokines, opsonins, phagosomes and lysosomes.
LO3) Describe the structure, different roles and modes of action of T lymphocytes in the specific (adaptive) immune response, including clonal selection and clonal expansion, T helper cells, T killer cells, T regulatory cells and memory cells.
LO4) Describe the structure, different roles and modes of action of B lymphocytes in the specific (adaptive) immune response, including plasma cells and memory cells.
LO5) Explain the significance of cell signaling, with reference to interleukins.
LO6) Examine and draw cells observed in blood smears.
LO7) Describe the structure and functions of antibodies.
LO8) Describe the actions of agglutinins and anti-toxins.
LO9) Describe the difference between primary and secondary immune responses, including the roles of T memory and B memory cells.
LO10) Describe the differences between active and passive immunity, and between natural and artificial immunity, and state examples of each.
LO11) Describe what autoimmunity is, and give examples.
LO12) Explain the main principles of vaccination and the role of vaccination programmes in the prevention of epidemics.