Challenge Logic Puzzle for activity, display or giving out

The old ‘Which colour hat am I wearing?’ logic puzzle, updated with ducks.

Probably a good challenge for top set Maths groups/ A-level

Needs thinking through; I’ve used it displayed on the electronic whiteboard about 10 or more minutes before the end of a lesson, to give time for explanation, discussion and trial, then given the puzzle sheet as an A5 printout for them to take home and work through in their head. Prizes (or at least positive recognition) for correct deductions , in the next lesson. It’s simpler to take verbal contributions to make a group consensus rather than asking for written proofs from individuals. Then require at least one student to take it through step by step on the board!

Alternatively, use as an A4 poster on display, with a solution provided nearby or overleaf.

It’s a nice touch that the solver can get it right only after a while, when they realise that Alice in the problem can get it right only after a while…