This lesson describes how enzymes can be immobilised in calcium alginate and compares their activity against enzymes that are free in solution. The PowerPoint and the accompanying resources have been designed to cover point 3.2 (d) of the CIE A-level Biology specification.
The lesson has been planned to challenge the students on their ability to apply knowledge to a potentially unfamiliar situation. A series of exam-style questions which include “suggest” and “describe and explain” questions are used throughout the lesson and these will allow the students to recognise the advantages and disadvantages of a particular method. Although the alginate method is the only one referenced in this specification point, the adsorption and covalent bonding methods are introduced and then briefly analysed to allow students to understand that a matrix doesn’t involve these bonds which could disrupt the active site. The remainder of the lesson introduces some actual examples of the use of immobilised enzymes with the aim of increasing the relevance.
Please note that this lesson has been written to explain the effect of immobilisation on enzyme activity. The practical element of carrying out the investigation is described in a separate lesson.
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Topic 3.2: Factors that affect enzyme action (CIE A-level Biology)
This bundle of 5 lessons covers the majority of the content in topic 3.2 of the CIE A-level Biology specification. Each lesson consists of an engaging Powerpoint with accompanying resources that cover the following points: * Explain the effects of temperature on the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction * Explain the effects of pH on the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction * Explain the effects of enzyme and substrate concentration on the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction * Explain the effects of inhibitor concentration on the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction * Explain the effects of inhibitors, both competitive and non-competitive, on the rate of enzyme activity * Explain the effect of immobilising an enzyme in alginate on its activity as compared with its activity when free in solution
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Topic 3: Enzymes (CIE A-level Biology)
This lesson bundle contains 6 fully-resourced lessons which have been designed to engage and motivate the students whilst covering the detailed content of topic 3 (Enzymes) in the CIE A-level Biology specification. These globular proteins catalyse biological reactions throughout living organisms so a deep understanding of this topic is important for all of the other 18 topics in this course. The wide range of activities that are included within the lesson PowerPoints and accompanying resources will cover the following specification points: * Enzymes are globular proteins that catalyse reactions * The mode of action of enzymes * The lock and key hypothesis and the induced-fit model * The effect of temperature on the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction * The effect of pH on the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction * The effect of enzyme and substrate concentration on the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction * The effect of inhibitor concentration on the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction * The effect of competitive and non-competitive inhibitors on enzyme activity * Immobilising an enzyme in alginate
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