An engaging lesson presentation (67 slides) and associated worksheets that uses a combination of exam questions, quick tasks and quiz competitions to help the students to assess their understanding of the topics found within TOPIC 7 (Organic chemistry) of the AQA GCSE Chemistry specification (specification point C4.7) The topics that are tested within the lesson include: Crude oil, hydrocarbons and alkanes Fractional distillation and petrochemicals Properties of hydrocarbons Cracking and alkenes Alkenes Alcohols Carboxcylic acids Addition polymerisation Condensation polymerisation Students will be engaged through the numerous activities including quiz rounds like “What FRACTION of this is correct” and “Are you on FORM” whilst crucially being able to recognise those areas which need further attention

This is a detailed and engaging REVISION lesson which uses a range of exam questions, understanding checks, quick tasks and quiz competitions to enable students to assess their understanding of the content within topic 3 (Waves) of the Pearson Edexcel IGCSE Physics 9-1 specification (4PH1) for first assessment in June 2019. The specification points that are covered in this revision lesson include: Use the following units: degree (°), hertz (Hz), metre (m), metre/second (m/s) and second (s) Explain the difference between longitudinal and transverse waves Know the definitions of amplitude, frequency, wavelength and period of a wave Know and use the relationship between the speed, frequency and wavelength of a wave Use the relationship between frequency and time period Explain that all waves can be reflected and refracted Know that light is part of a continuous electromagnetic spectrum that includes radio, microwave, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-ray and gamma ray radiations and that all these waves travel at the same speed in free space Know the order of the electromagnetic spectrum in terms of decreasing wavelength and increasing frequency, including the colours of the visible spectrum Explain some of the uses of electromagnetic radiations Draw ray diagrams to illustrate refraction Know and use the relationship between refractive index, angle of incidence and angle of refraction Describe the role of total internal reflection in transmitting information along optical fibres and in prisms Explain the meaning of critical angle c Know and use the relationship between critical angle and refractive index Know that sound waves are longitudinal waves which can be reflected and refracted Know that the frequency range for human hearing is 20–20 000 Hz Understand how the loudness of a sound relates to the amplitude of vibration of the source The students will thoroughly enjoy the range of activities, which include quiz competitions such as “Should you WAVE goodbye” where they have to decide whether a passage about a sub-topic of waves is completely correct whilst all the time evaluating and assessing which areas of this topic will need their further attention. This lesson can be used as revision resource at the end of the topic or in the lead up to mocks or the actual International GCSE exams

This lesson uses the example of the genetic engineering of bacteria to produce insulin to walk students through the steps involved in this process. It has been written for GCSE students and therefore includes the detail required at this level, such as the involvement of restriction enzymes and the sticky ends that their cut produces. The lesson begins by challenging students to recognise that insulin is being described by a series of clues. Some further details of this hormone are recalled to test their previous knowledge of the endocrine system and also to lead into the genetic engineering of bacteria to make this protein. Moving forwards, time is taken to go through the details of plasmids and how they act as vectors as well as the enzymes, restriction and ligase. The main task of the lesson uses a series of descriptions to go through the steps involved in the process. Words or phrases are missing from each description so students have to use the terms they’ve encountered in this lesson as well as their prior knowledge to complete the step. Discussion-provoking questions are added to encourage the students to consider why certain parts of the process occur. The lesson concludes by the consideration of other organisms which have been genetically engineered as well as some of the risks of the process, which students are asked to complete for homework. As detailed above, this lesson has been designed for GCSE students but could be used with students taking A-level Biology, who are struggling to understand the detail found at this level and need to revisit the foundations.

The AQA specification states that a minimum of 10% of the marks across the 3 assessment papers will require the use of mathematical skills. This revision lesson has been designed to include a wide range of activities that challenge the students on these exact skills because success in the maths in biology questions can prove the difference between one grade and the next! Step-by-step guides are used to walk students through the application of a number of the formulae and then exam-style questions with clear mark schemes (which are included in the PowerPoint) will allow them to assess their progress. Other activities include differentiated tasks, group discussions and quick quiz competitions such as “FROM NUMBERS 2 LETTERS” and “YOU DO THE MATH”. The lesson has been written to cover as much of the mathematical requirements section of the specification as possible but the following have been given particular attention: Hardy-Weinberg equation Chi-squared test Calculating size Converting between quantitative units Standard deviation Estimating populations of sessile and motile species Percentages and percentage change Cardiac output Geometry Due to the detail and extensiveness of this lesson, it is estimated that it will take in excess of 2/3 hours of A-level teaching time to work through the activities and it can be used throughout the duration of the course

This revision resource has been written to include a range of activities that motivate the students whilst they assess their understanding of the content found in module 2.1.5 (Biological membranes) of the OCR A-level Biology A specification. The resource includes a detailed and engaging Powerpoint (71 slides) and associated worksheets The range of activities have been designed to cover as much of the content as possible but the following sub-topics have been given particular attention: The movement of molecules by active transport which requires ATP as an immediate source of energy The movement of molecules by passive processes The use of membrane-spanning proteins in facilitated diffusion and active transport Factors that increase the rate of simple diffusion The movement of water across membranes by osmosis The effects that solutions of different water potentials can have on animal and plant cells The fluid mosaic model of membrane structure The roles of the components of the plasma cell membrane In addition to these topics, some topics from other modules such as organelles, synapses and autoimmune diseases are tested in order to challenge the students on their ability to make links between the modules. The range of activities include exam questions and understanding checks as well as quiz competitions to maintain student engagement.

This revision resource contains an engaging and detailed PowerPoint (66 slides) and associated worksheets, all of which are differentiated to allow students of different abilities to access the work. The range of activities that include exam questions with explained answers and quiz competitions covers the content within topic 11 (Air and water) of the CIE IGCSE Chemistry specification for examination in June and November 2020 and 2021. The resource was written to cover as much of the content as possible but the following topics have received particular attention: The fractional distillation of air to separate oxygen and nitrogen The composition of clean air The variety of reactions that form carbon dioxide The changes in the atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide and the link to global warming The common pollutants and their effects on health and buildings The treatment of water to make it safe The chemical tests for water The conditions needed for the Haber Process Efforts have been made during the design of this lesson to make connections between topic 11 and the other topics in order to show students how important it is to make Biological links. In addition, there is a big emphasis on mathematical skills and guidance is given throughout to break down any barriers that students may have with these types of questions.

An engaging lesson presentation (77 slides) and associated worksheets that uses a combination of exam questions, quick tasks and quiz competitions to help the students to assess their understanding of the topics found within TOPIC 2 (Bonding, structure and properties of matter) of the AQA GCSE Chemistry specification (specification point C4.2) The topics that are tested within the lesson include: Chemical bonds Ionic bonding Ionic compounds Properties of ionic compounds Covalent bonding Metallic bonding Properties of metals and alloys The three states of matter State symbols Structure and bonding of carbon Size of particles and their properties Students will be engaged through the numerous activities including quiz rounds like “The name’s BOND…” whilst crucially being able to recognise those areas which need further attention

An engaging lesson presentation (47 slides) and associated worksheets that uses a combination of exam questions, quick tasks and quiz competitions to help the students to assess their understanding of the topics found within the Chemistry unit C6 (The rate and extent of chemical change) of the AQA GCSE Combined Science specification (specification point C5.6) The topics that are tested within the lesson include: Calculating rates of reactions Factors that affect the rate of a reaction Collision theory Reversible reactions Equilibrium Changing the equilibrium position Students will be engaged through the numerous activities including quiz rounds like “Don’t get iRATE” and “Under PRESSURE” whilst crucially being able to recognise those areas which need further attention

This is a fully-resourced revision lesson that uses a combination of exam questions, understanding checks, quick tasks and quiz competitions to enable students to assess their understanding of the content found within Module 5.1.3 (Neuronal communication) of the OCR A-level Biology A specification. The sub-topics and specification points that are tested within the lesson include: The structure and function of sensory, motor and relay neurones The generation and transmission of nerve impulses in mammals The structure and roles of synapses in neurotransmission Students will be engaged through the numerous quiz rounds such as “Communicate the word” and “Only CONNECT” whilst crucially being able to recognise those areas which require their further attention during general revision or during the lead up to the actual A-level terminal exams

This is a fully-resourced revision lesson that uses a combination of exam questions, understanding checks, quick differentiated tasks and quiz competitions to enable students to assess their understanding of the content found within Topic 5 (On the wild side) of the Pearson Edexcel A-level Biology A specification. The sub-topics and specification points that are tested within the lesson include: Be able to describe how to carry out a study on the ecology of a habitat Understand the stages of succession Understand the overall reaction of photosynthesis Understand the structure of chloroplasts in relation to their role in photosynthesis Understand the relationship between NPP, GPP and respiration Understand the effect of temperature on enzyme activity and its impact on plants and animals and microorganisms Know how the temperature coefficient Q10 quantifies the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction Understand how knowledge of the carbon cycle can be applied to methods to reduce atmopsheric levels of carbon dioxide A number of the tasks have been differentiated to allow all abilities of student to access the work and there is a big emphasis on the mathematical skills that can be tested in this topic. Students will be engaged through the numerous quiz rounds such as “Can you DEPEND on your knowledge” and “From NUMBERS 2 LETTERS” whilst crucially being able to recognise those areas which require their further attention during general revision or during the lead up to the actual A-level terminal exams

An engaging and informative lesson presentation (43 slides) that shows students how to write accurate chemical formulae for ionic compounds. In order to write accurate chemical formulae, students need to know the charges of the ions involved. For this reason, the lesson begins by reminding students how they can use the Periodic Table to work out the charge of the charged atoms. Students are shown how they can use these ion charges to write the formula and then are given the opportunity to apply this to a number of examples. Moving forwards, students are shown how some formulae need to contain brackets. The lesson finishes with a competition called “Ye Olde Chemical Formula Shop” where students get points if they are the first to work out the formula of a given substance. This lesson has been written for GCSE students.

This is an engaging revision lesson which uses a range of exam questions, understanding checks, differentiated tasks and quiz competitions to enable students to assess their understanding of the content within topic 1 (Key concepts in Chemistry) of the Edexcel GCSE Chemistry specification. Topic 1 is assessed in both papers 1 and 2, and therefore this lesson has been written in the detail that means it is likely to be used over the course of a number of lessons. The specification points that are covered in this revision lesson include: ATOMIC STRUCTURE Explain why atoms contain equal numbers of protons and electrons Recall the meaning of the term mass number of an atom Describe atoms of a given element as having the same number of protons in the nucleus and that this number is unique to that element Describe isotopes as different atoms of the same element containing the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei Calculate the numbers of protons, neutrons and electrons in atoms given the atomic number and mass number Calculate the relative atomic mass of an element from the relative masses and abundances of its isotopes IONIC BONDING Explain how ionic bonds are formed by the transfer of electrons between atoms Recall that an ion is an atom or group of atoms with a positive or negative charge Calculate the numbers of protons, neutrons and electrons in simple ions given the atomic number and mass number Explain the formation of ions in ionic compounds from their atoms, limited to compounds of elements in groups 1, 2, 6 and 7 Deduce the formulae of ionic compounds (including oxides, hydroxides, halides, nitrates, carbonates and sulfates) given the formulae of the constituent ions COVALENT BONDING Explain how a covalent bond is formed when a pair of electrons is shared between two atoms Explain the formation of simple molecular, covalent substances, using dot and cross diagrams TYPES OF SUBSTANCE Explain the properties of typical covalent, simple molecular compounds Recall that graphite and diamond are different forms of carbon and that they are examples of giant covalent substances Describe the structures of graphite and diamond Explain the properties of metals, including malleability and the ability to conduct electricity CALCULATIONS INVOLVING MASSES Calculate relative formula mass given relative atomic masses Calculate masses of reactants and products from balanced equations, given the mass of one substance The students will thoroughly enjoy the range of activities, which includes a quiz competition called “POLLUTE THE AIR…WITH THE ANSWER” where they have to compete to be the 1st to recognise a pollutant gas from a series of clues whilst crucially being able to recognise the areas of this topic which need their further attention. This lesson can be used as revision resource at the end of the topic or in the lead up to mocks or the actual GCSE exams

This is an informative and engaging lesson, which has been designed for GCSE but is perfectly suitable for younger students who are studying the states of matter. Students will have encountered this topic at KS3 and potentially before, and therefore the aim of this lesson is to consolidate that knowledge and to deepen in critical areas. A number of quick competitions have been written into the lesson to maintain engagement and to test prior knowledge in a different way. In addition, progress checks are found at regular intervals so that students can constantly assess their understanding. The start of the lesson looks at the different properties of the three states and ensures that particle diagrams are not only recognised but can be explained. A lot of students consider elements to be in one state only at all times and therefore time is taken to show them how the specific temperature is the determining factor on the state. Students are guided through using the melting and boiling points to determine which state a substance is in at a given temperature. The rest of the lesson focuses on changing state and the change in the particles at each of these stages.

This is a detailed and engaging lesson presentation which focuses on the properties of the elements found in group 1 of the Periodic Table, the alkali metals. Students are challenged throughout the lesson to be able to link their observations of the reactions to the properties. Once they have learnt that the reactivity increases as they move down the group, time is taken to go over this in detail so that students can explain why sodium is more reactive than lithium (and so on) in terms of electron configuration. Progress checks are embedded throughout the lesson so that students have the opportunity to assess their understanding. This lesson has been designed for GCSE students (14 - 16 year olds in the UK) but is suitable for younger students who may be carrying out a project on the Periodic Table

A fully-resourced lesson that looks at the meaning of thinking, braking and stopping distances and focuses on the factors that would cause each of them to increase. The lesson includes an engaging lesson presentation (45 slides) and an associated worksheet for the calculations. The lesson begins by introducing the term stopping distance and then challenging students to recognise that both the distance travelled during the driver’s reaction time and under the braking force will contribute to this. Students are constantly challenged to think about the factors that would cause either the thinking or braking distance to increase and to be able to explain why scientifically. Moving forwards, the mathematical element that is associated with this topic is explored as students are shown how to calculate the braking distance at different speeds as well as convert between speeds in miles per hour and metres per second. There is also a set homework included as part of the lesson. There are regular progress checks written into the lesson so that students can assess their understanding. This lesson has been written for GCSE students but could be used with those at KS3.

An engaging lesson presentation (34), accompanied by a summary worksheet, which together explore the factors which change the rate of transpiration and focuses on the explanation behind each factor. The lesson begins by introducing the term, transpiration, and linking this to the structure of a leaf to ensure that students know that water is lost as water vapour out of the stomata. Students are provided with an analogy of plants being like clothes on a washing line to challenge them to come up with some of the factors involved. Time is taken to look specifically at humidity as this is a factor which is commonly misunderstood. Moving forwards, students are challenged to draw sketch graphs to predict whether increasing each of these factors will increase the rate of transpiration or decrease it. A series of questions to lead to answers is used to show the students how to explain the effect of increasing the light intensity. The remainder of the lesson looks at a potometer and how it can be used to calculate the rate. The mathematical skills of the students are challenged during a range of tasks and then linked back to the Science so they can recognise which features of plants will help to reduce water loss. Progress checks are written into this lesson at regular intervals to allow students to assess their understanding and a number of quick competitions act to maintain engagement. This lesson has been written for GCSE students but is suitable for A-level students who are studying the plants topic

This lesson introduces the key inorganic ions that are involved in biological processes and includes cations and anions. The engaging PowerPoint and accompanying resources have been designed to cover point 2.1.2 § of the OCR A-level Biology A specification but also makes links to topics in upcoming modules such as respiration, photosynthesis and neuronal communication. The roles of the following ions are covered in this lesson: phosphate nitrate chloride hydroxide hydrogencarbonate hydrogen ammonium sodium potassium calcium Extra time is taken during the lesson to describe how these ions are involved in the transport of carbon dioxide, the conduction of nervous impulses and blood clotting as well as other processes and a number of quiz competitions have been included to introduce key terms in a fun and memorable way

This is a fully-resourced revision lesson that has been written to include a wide range of activities that challenge the students on their knowledge of astrophysics as detailed in topic 8 of the Pearson Edexcel IGCSE Physics specification. The numerous quiz rounds which include “Shine a LIGHT on any ERRORS” will engage and motivate their students whilst they assess their understanding of the content and recognise any areas that require further attention. The lesson has been designed to include as many of the specification points as possible but the following have been given particular attention: Understanding of the terms Solar system, galaxy and universe Gravitational field strength varies on different planets Gravitational force causes the Moon to orbit the Earth and the planets to orbit the Sun Use the relationship between orbital speed, orbital radius and time period Evolution of stars of a similar mass to our Sun and of stars with larger masses The evidence that supports the Big Bang theory The change in the frequency and wavelength of a wave if the source of the wave is moving in relation to the observer Red-shift as evidence of an expanding universe This topic contains a number of principles or theories which can be poorly understood by students so extra time has been taken to guide them in the formation of descriptions and explanations.

This revision lesson has been filled with activities that will challenge the students on their knowledge and understanding of the content detailed in topic 8 (Energy - forces doing work) of the Pearson Edexcel GCSE Physics specification. The wide range of activities in the engaging PowerPoint and accompanying resources will check on the knowledge of this topic and allow the students to recognise those areas which need further attention before the mock or terminal GCSE exams. This resource has been designed to cover as much of topic 8 as possible but the following points have received particular attention: Describe how to measure the work done by a force Understand that work done is equal to energy transferred Recall and use the equation to calculate work done Calculate the changes in energy involved when a system is changed by work done by forces Recall and use the equation to calculate gravitational potential energy Recall and use the equation to calculate kinetic energy Explain how energy is dissipated so that it is stored in less useful ways Define power as the rate at which energy is transferred and that 1 watt is equal to one joule per second Recall and use the equation to calculate power Recall and use the equation to calculate efficiency The mathematical content of this specification and this topic is heavy and in line with this lots of calculated-based tasks are included and all of the answers are explained in steps so students can assess their progress The main task of the lesson which challenges students to use the principle of moments has been differentiated so that differing abilities can access the work

This lesson has been written to act as a revision tool for students at the completion of topic 2 of the Pearson Edexcel GCSE Physics specification or in the lead up to mock or terminal exams. This motion and forces topic is extensive and the engaging PowerPoint and accompanying resources have been designed to include a wide range of activities to allow the students to assess their understanding and to recognise any areas which need extra attention. This specification is heavy in mathematical content and so a lot of opportunities are presented for a range of skills to be tested and the PowerPoint guides students through the application of these requirements such as rearranging the formula and converting between units. The following specification points have received a particular focus in this lesson: Factors affecting thinking and braking distance Calculating the distance travelled from the area under the velocity-time graph Recalling and using the equations to calculate acceleration, force, speed, weight and momentum Calculating uniform acceleration from a velocity-time graph Resultant force and constant velocity Forces and velocity as vector quantities Circular motion The difference between mass and weight The law of the conservation of momentum A number of quick quiz rounds, such as FILL THE VOID and WEIGHT A MINUTE, are used to maintain engagement and motivation and to challenge the students on their recall of important points. It is estimated that it will take in excess of 2 hours of GCSE teaching time to cover the detail included in this lesson