This lesson describes how molecules move across cell membranes by passive transport, as exemplified by simple and facilitated diffusion. The PowerPoint and accompanying resource have been designed to cover the first part of specification point 2.5 of the Edexcel International A-level Biology specification and the factors that increase the rate of diffusion are covered along with the limitations imposed by the phospholipid bilayer and the role of channel and carrier proteins The structure and properties of cell membranes were described in the lesson covering 2.2, so this lesson has been written to include continual references to the content of that lesson. This enables links to be made between the movement across a cell membrane with the concentration gradient, the parts of the membrane that are involved and any features that may increase the rate at which the molecules move. A quick quiz competition challenges students to recall Fick’s law of diffusion and a series of questions and tasks are used to demonstrate how a large surface area, a short diffusion distance and the maintenance of a steep concentration gradient will increase the rate of simple diffusion. Another quick quiz round is then used to introduce temperature and size of molecule as two further factors that can affect simple diffusion. The remainder of the lesson focuses on facilitated diffusion and describes how transmembrane proteins are needed to move small, polar or large molecules from a high concentration to a lower concentration across a partially permeable membrane

This revision resource includes exam questions, understanding checks and quiz competitions, all of which have been written to motivate and engage the students whilst they assess their understanding of the content found in topic 4 (Biological molecules) of the CIE IGCSE Biology specification for examination in June and November 2020 and 2021. This revision resource contains an engaging PowerPoint (36 slides) and associated worksheets. The range of activities have been designed to cover as much of the Core and Supplement content as possible but the following sub-topics have been given particular attention: List the chemical elements that make up carbohydrates State how starch, glycogen, cellulose, proteins and fats and oils are made from their specific smaller molecules Describe the use of the iodine and Benedicts solution test Explain how the specific sequence of the amino acids in a protein controls the shape and the effect this has on an enzyme and antibodies Describe the structure of DNA Recognise that water is an important solvent which is involved in a large number of roles in the human body In addition, links have been made to other topics such as hormones and organelles so that students can see the importance of making links between Biological topics

This fully-resourced lesson uses step by step guides to walk students through the interpretation of genetic pedigree diagrams for monohybrid inheritance. The PowerPoint and accompanying resources have been designed to cover point 2.15 (ii) of the Edexcel International A-level Biology specification and includes the inheritance when there are more than two alleles at a gene locus as well as those that demonstrate codominance. In order to minimise the likelihood of errors and misconceptions, the guides that are included within the lesson will support the students with the following: Writing parent genotypes Working out the different gametes that are made following meiosis Interpreting Punnett crosses to work out phenotypic ratios Students can often find pedigree trees the most difficult to interpret and to explain so exemplar answers are used and the worksheets are differentiated so students can seek assistance if necessary.

This detailed lesson describes the relationship between the structure and function of starch and cellulose. The engaging PowerPoint and accompanying resource have been designed to cover point 4.9 of the Pearson Edexcel A-level Biology A specification and focuses on the importance of the glycosidic and hydrogen bonds for the structure of these polysaccharides. The structure of amylose and amylopectin was described during a lesson in topic 1, so the start of this lesson challenges the students on their recall of these details. They have to complete a comparison table for these two polysaccharides by identifying the monomer and type of glycosidic bonds that are found in each of the structures. Time is taken to explain how the greater resistance to digestion of amylose means that this carbohydrate is important for plant energy storage whereas the multiple chain ends in the branched amylopectin means that this polysaccharide can be hydrolysed quickly when energy is needed. The rest of the lesson describes the structure of cellulose and focuses on the link between the structure and the need for this polysaccharide to support the plant cell as well as the whole plant. Students will see how every other beta glucose monomer is rotated by 180 degrees and will learn that hydrogen bonds form between these molecules on the same chain as well as between adjacent chains in a cellulose microfibril. The lesson concludes with a quick quiz competition where the students have to compete to open a safe using a combination made up of key values associated with glycogen, starch and cellulose.

This engaging lesson presentation (55 slides) and associated worksheets uses exam questions with displayed mark schemes, quick tasks and quiz competitions to enable students to assess their understanding of the topics found within module B1 of the OCR Gateway A Combined Science specification. The topics which are specifically tested within the lesson include: Plant and animal cells, Bacterial cells, Light microscopy, Electron microscopy, Enzymes, Aerobic respiration, Photosynthesis, Photosynthesis experiments and Limiting factors Students will enjoy the competitions such as "Shine a LIGHT on any errors" and "Eu vs Pro" whilst crucially being able to recognise those areas which need their further attention

An engaging lesson presentation (78 slides) and associated worksheets that uses a combination of exam questions, quick tasks and quiz competitions to help the students to assess their understanding of the topics found within module P4 (Waves and radioactivity) of the OCR Gateway A GCSE Combined Science specification. The topics that are tested within the lesson include: Waves and their properties Wave velocity Electromagnetic waves Atoms and isotopes Alpha, beta, gamma Nuclear equations Half-life Radiation and the human body Students will be engaged through the numerous activities including quiz rounds like “Tell EM the Word” and “Take the HOTSEAT” whilst crucially being able to recognise those areas which need further attention

This engaging lesson presentation (51 slides) and associated worksheets uses exam questions with displayed mark schemes, quick tasks and quiz competitions to enable students to assess their understanding of the topics found within module B6 of the OCR Gateway A Combined Science specification. The topics which are specifically tested within the lesson include: Genetic engineering, Health and disease, Spread of communicable diseases and preventing the spread, Non-communicable diseases, Treating CVD and Modern advances in medicine Students will enjoy the competitions such as "Is this ENGINEERED correctly" and "COMMUNICATE the word" whilst crucially being able to recognise those areas which need their further attention

This is a fully-resourced revision lesson that uses a combination of exam questions, understanding checks, quick tasks and quiz competitions to help the students to assess their understanding of the sub-topics found within Topic C5 (Separate chemistry 1) of the Edexcel GCSE Chemistry specification. The sub-topics and specification points that are tested within the lesson include: Recall the typical properties of the transition metals Explain why converting pure metals into alloys often increases the strength of the product Calculate the concentration of solutions in mol per decimetre cubed Know the apparatus involved in an acid-alkali titration Carry out simple titration calculations Recall and calculate the atom economy Describe the molar volume, at RTP, and use to calculate the volumes of gases Recall how a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell is used to produce a voltage and water is the only product Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of fuel cells Students will be engaged through the numerous quiz rounds whilst crucially being able to recognise those areas which require their further attention during general revision or during the lead up to the actual GCSE terminal exams

This is a fully-resourced revision lesson that uses a combination of exam questions, understanding checks, quick tasks and quiz competitions to enable students to assess their understanding of the content found within Topic P3 (Particle model of matter) of the AQA Trilogy GCSE Combined Science specification. The sub-topics and specification points that are tested within the lesson include: Density of materials Changes of state Temperature changes in a system and specific heat capacity Changes of heat and specific latent heat Students will be engaged through the numerous quiz rounds whilst crucially being able to recognise those areas which require their further attention during general revision or during the lead up to the actual GCSE terminal exams

This fully-resourced lesson describes the main stages of mitosis and explains the significance of this type of nuclear division in life cycles. The PowerPoint and accompanying resources have been designed to cover points 2.1.6 (c & e) of the OCR A-level Biology A specification and make direct links to the previous lesson which covered the cell cycle Depending upon the exam board taken at GCSE, the knowledge and understanding of mitosis will differ considerably between students and there may be a number of misconceptions. This was considered at all points during the planning of the lesson so that existing errors are addressed and key points are emphasised throughout. Their understanding of interphase is challenged at the start of the lesson to ensure that they realise that it is identical pairs of sister chromatids that enter the M phase. The main part of the lesson focuses on prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase and describes how the chromosomes behave in these stages. There is a focus on the centrioles and the spindle fibres that they produce which contract to drag one chromatid from each pair in opposite directions to the poles of the cell. The remainder of the lesson is a series of understanding and application questions where students have to identify the various roles of mitosis in living organisms as well as tackling a Maths in a Biology context question. The lesson concludes with a final quiz round of MITOSIS SNAP where they only shout out this word when a match is seen between the name of a phase, an event and a picture.

A fully-resourced lesson, designed for GCSE students which includes an engaging and informative lesson presentation (49 slides) and an image, actual and magnification question worksheet. This lesson looks at the key features of light and electron microscopes and guides students through calculating size and magnification. The lesson begins by challenging students to pick out two key terms about microscopes, magnification and resolution, from a group of Scientific words. The understanding of these two terms is critical if students will be able to compare the two types of microscopes so time is taken to go through the definitions and give examples. A number of quick quiz competitions have been written into the lesson to aid the engagement on a topic that some students may not initially consider to be that motivating. These competitions allow key terms such as micrometer and the two types of electron microscope to be introduced in an engaging way. As a result, students will know the numbers that explain why electron microscopes are more advanced than their light counterparts. The remainder of the lesson looks at the units of size which are used in calculation questions and a step by step guide is used to show the students to calculate the actual size of an object or the magnification. Progress checks have been written into this lesson at regular intervals so that students are constantly assessing their understanding.

This lesson describes the active loading of assimilates like sucrose at the source and the translocation along the phloem to the sink. Both the detailed PowerPoint and accompanying resources have been designed to cover point 3.1.3 (f) of the OCR A-level Biology A specification. The lesson begins by challenging the students to recognise the key term translocation when it is partially revealed and then the rest of the lesson focuses on getting them to understand how this process involves the mass flow of assimilates down the hydrostatic pressure gradient from the source to the sink. It has been written to tie in with 3.1.3 (b) where the structure of the phloem tissue was initially introduced and the students are continually challenged on this prior knowledge. A step-by-step guide is used to describe how sucrose is loaded into the phloem at the source by the companion cells. Time is taken to discuss key details such as the proton pumping to create the proton gradient and the subsequent movement back into the cells by facilitated diffusion using co-transporter proteins. Students will learn that the hydrostatic pressure at the source is high, due to the presence of the water and sucrose as cell sap, and that this difference when compared to the lower pressure at the sink leads to the movement along the phloem. A number of quick quiz rounds are included in the lesson to maintain engagement and to introduce key terms and the lesson concludes with a game of SOURCE or SINK as students have to identify whether a particular plant structure is one or the other (or both)

This is a fully-resourced revision lesson that uses a combination of exam questions, understanding checks, quick tasks and quiz competitions to enable students to assess their understanding of the content found within Topic P3 (Conservation of energy) of the Edexcel GCSE Combined Science specification. The sub-topics and specification points that are tested within the lesson include: Recall and use the equation to calculate the change in gravitational potential energy Recall and use the equation to calculate the change in kinetic energy of a moving object Explain what is meant by the conservation of energy Analyse the way energy is stored when a system changes Explain how mechanical processes become wasteful Explain ways of reducing unwanted energy transfer Recall and use the equation to calculate efficiency Describe the main energy sources available for use on Earth Explain patterns and trends in the use of energy resources Students will be engaged through the numerous quiz rounds whilst crucially being able to recognise those areas which require their further attention during general revision or during the lead up to the actual GCSE terminal exams

This is a fully-resourced revision lesson that uses a combination of exam questions, understanding checks, quick tasks and quiz competitions to enable students to assess their understanding of the content found within topic 5 (Waves in matter) of the OCR Gateway A GCSE Physics specification. The sub-topics and specification points that are tested within the lesson include: Recall and apply the equation to calculate wave speed using frequency and wavelength Describe wave motion in terms of amplitude, frequency, wavelength and period Define wavelength and frequency and be able to describe and apply the relationship between these and the wave velocity Describe differences between transverse and longitudinal waves Describe reflection and transmission of waves at material interface Understand how waves are used in ultrasound and SONAR Be able to describe how a ripple tank can be used to measure the speed of a wave The electromagnetic spectrum Use ray diagrams to show refraction This revision lesson has been designed to include the wide variety of mathematical skills that are tested in the Physics exam papers including rearranging formula, converting to S.I. units and calculating using standard form. Students will be engaged through the numerous quiz rounds whilst crucially being able to recognise those areas which require their further attention during general revision or during the lead up to the actual GCSE terminal exams

This is an engaging REVISION lesson which uses a range of exam questions, understanding checks, quick tasks and quiz competitions to enable students to assess their understanding of the content within topic 1 (General Physics) of the CIE IGCSE Physics (0625) specification. The lesson covers the content in both the core and supplement sections of the specification and therefore can be used with students who will be taking the extended papers as well as the core papers. The specification points that are covered in this revision lesson include: CORE Define speed and calculate average speed from total distance divided by total time Plot and interpret a speed-time graph or a distance-time graph Recognise from the shape of a speed-time graph when a body is at rest, moving at a constant speed or changing speed Calculate the area under a speed-time graph to work out the distance travelled for motion with constant acceleration Show familiarity with the idea of the mass of a body State that weight is a gravitational force Distinguish between mass and weight Recall and use the equation W = mg Recall and use the equation density = mass divided by volume Understand friction as the force between two surfaces which impedes motion and results in heating Calculate moment using the product force × perpendicular distance from the pivot Identify changes in kinetic, gravitational potential, chemical, elastic (strain), nuclear and internal energy that have occurred as a result of an event or process Recognise that energy is transferred during events and processes, including examples of transfer by forces (mechanical working), by electrical currents (electrical working), by heating and by waves Apply the principle of conservation of energy to simple examples Describe how electricity or other useful forms of energy may be obtained from a range of sources Show a qualitative understanding of efficiency Demonstrate understanding that work done = energy transferred Relate (without calculation) power to work done and time taken, using appropriate examples SUPPLEMENT Distinguish between speed and velocity Define and calculate acceleration Understand deceleration as a negative acceleration Describe, and use the concept of, weight as the effect of a gravitational field on a mass State Hooke’s Law and recall and use the expression F = k x, where k is the spring constant Apply the principle of moments to different situations Understand that vectors have a magnitude and direction The students will thoroughly enjoy the range of activities, which include quiz competitions such as “Are you the KING of the KINGDOMS” where they have to name the kingdoms involved based on a feature whilst crucially being able to recognise the areas of this topic which need their further attention. This lesson can be used as revision resource at the end of the topic or in the lead up to mocks or the actual IGCSE exam

This is an engaging and discussion filled lesson which looks at the menstrual cycle and specifically focuses on the interaction of the four hormones in the cycle. This lesson has been designed for GCSE students (ages 14 - 16 in the UK) but is suitable for older students who want a recap on this topic before going into more depth. In order to understand the cycle, it is critical that students know the roles that each of the hormones perform and also can describe how one hormone affects another. The main task of the lesson goes through the steps in the cycle, but challenges the students to use their prior knowledge of the endocrine system to add in the name of the correct hormone. At appropriate points of the lesson, time is taken to relate this topic to others in Biology, such as the use of oestrogen in the contraceptive pill and also hCG as the hormone which is detected by pregnancy tests. Students will know key landmarks in the 28 day cycle and be able to relate this back to the hormones. There are progress checks throughout the lesson but the final part of the lesson involves three understanding checks where students are challenged to apply their knowledge.

A fully-resourced lesson which looks at the gaseous reversible reaction known as the Haber Process and then explores and explains why the specific conditions are chosen for this reaction. The lesson includes a detailed lesson presentation (29 slides) and associated worksheets which are differentiated. The lesson begins by challenging the students to use a description of the reaction to complete the balanced symbol equation. A quiz competition involving both Chemistry and Maths skills is used to reveal the temperature and pressure which are chosen for this reaction. Students will learn that this only produces a yield of 30% and therefore are encouraged to question why these conditions are chosen. In doing so, they are made to wear two “hats”, so that they consider it from both a Science angle but also a business angle. Their knowledge of reversible reactions and the effect of changing either the temperature or the pressure on the position of the equilibrium are constantly challenged and then checked through a range of progress check questions. As a result of this lesson, students will understand that these conditions are a compromise and be able to explain why. This lesson has been designed for GCSE students (14 - 16 year olds in the UK).

An informative lesson presentation (44 slides) that looks at the work of the key Scientists involved in the development of the atomic model. Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford and Bohr were four men whose work has led to the changes in the atomic model over the years and this lesson looks at parts of each of their work. There is a focus on Rutherford’s work with the alpha particles and students are challenged to draw conclusions based on the deflections they are shown. There is lots of time written into the lesson for consolidation and regular progress checks ensure that students have the opportunity to assess their understanding. This lesson has been written for GCSE students but could be used with KS3 students who perhaps are carrying out a project on the atom and want to add detail to their work

This fully-resourced lesson describes the role of barriers in protecting the body from infection by pathogens when entering the body by the major routes. The engaging and detailed PowerPoint and accompanying resources have been designed to cover points 6.11 (i) & (ii) of the Pearson Edexcel A-level Biology A (Salters Nuffield) specification and describe the following barriers: skin key steps of the blood clotting process mucous membranes stomach acid vaginal and skin flora There are clear links to topics 1, 2 and 3 in each of these barriers, so time is taken to consider these during the descriptions. For example, the presence of keratin in the cytoplasm of the skin cells allows the student knowledge of the properties of this fibrous protein to be checked. Other topics that are revisited during this lesson include blood clotting, protein structure, key terminology and the epithelium that lines the different parts of the airways. All of the exam-style questions and tasks have mark schemes that are embedded in the PowerPoint and a number of them have been differentiated to allow students of differing abilities to access the work.

This REVISION resource has been written with the aim of motivating the students whilst they are challenged on their knowledge of the content in Biology TOPIC 8 (Exchange and transport in animals) of the Edexcel GCSE Combined Science specification. The resource contains an engaging and detailed PowerPoint (90 slides) and accompanying worksheets, most of which are differentiated to allow all abilities to access the work. The wide range of activities, which include exam questions and quiz competitions, have been designed to cover as much of topic 8 as possible but the following sub-topics have been given a particular focus: Surface area to volume ratio Gas exchange at the alveoli The structure of the blood vessels The gross structure of the heart and the major blood vessels Calculating the cardiac output The functions of the components of the blood Aerobic vs anaerobic respiration There is a large emphasis on mathematical skills in the new specification and these are tested throughout the lesson. This resource is suitable for use at the end of topic 8, in the lead up to mocks or in the preparation for the final GCSE exams.