Human reproduction lesson created in accordance to the NEW AQA Specification (9-1) for my separates class (Year 10-KS4). Includes: slide animations, embedded videos and practice questions with answers on slides. This resource is suitable for combined science students. May needed to be edited for foundation students. AQA spec link: 5.3.4 Relevant chapter: B11 Hormonal coordination. AQA Biology third edition textbook-Page 168-169. Specification requires students to know the following; Students should be able to describe the roles of hormones in human reproduction, including the menstrual cycle. During puberty reproductive hormones cause secondary sex characteristics to develop. Oestrogen is the main female reproductive hormone produced in the ovary. At puberty eggs begin to mature and one is released approximately every 28 days. This is called ovulation. Testosterone is the main male reproductive hormone produced by the testes and it stimulates sperm production. Several hormones are involved in the menstrual cycle of a woman. • Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) causes maturation of an egg in the ovary. • Luteinising hormone (LH) stimulates the release of the egg. • Oestrogen and progesterone are involved in maintaining the uterus lining.

The role of negative feedback lesson created in accordance to the NEW AQA Specification (9-1) for my separates class (Year 10-KS4). This content is for HIGHER TIER only. Includes: slide animations, embedded video, practice exam question with mark scheme. This resource is suitable for combined science students. May needed to be edited for foundation students. AQA spec link: 5.3.7 Relevant chapter: B11 Hormonal coordination. AQA Biology third edition textbook-Page 166-167. Specification requires students to know the following; Students should be able to explain the roles of thyroxine and adrenaline in the body. Adrenaline is produced by the adrenal glands in times of fear or stress. It increases the heart rate and boosts the delivery of oxygen and glucose to the brain and muscles, preparing the body for ‘flight or fight’. Thyroxine from the thyroid gland stimulates the basal metabolic rate. It plays an important role in growth and development. Thyroxine levels are controlled by negative feedback.

Treating diabetes lesson created in accordance to the NEW AQA Specification (9-1) for my separates class (Year 10-KS4). Includes: slide animations, embedded video, practice exam question with mark scheme. This resource is suitable for combined science students. May needed to be edited for foundation students. AQA spec link: 5.3.2 Relevant chapter: B11 Hormonal coordination. AQA Biology third edition textbook-Page 164-165. Specification requires students to know the following; Type 1 diabetes is normally treated with insulin injections. In Type 2 diabetes a carbohydrate controlled diet and an exercise regime are common treatments. Obesity is a risk factor for Type 2 diabetes. Students should be able to compare Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes and explain how they can be treated. Students should be able to extract information and interpret data from graphs that show the effect of insulin in blood glucose levels in both people with diabetes and people without diabetes.

Edited 13/07/2020-PPT has been updated since last review, this resource also now includes a Control of BGL mini assessment with MS Control of blood glucose lesson created in accordance to the NEW AQA Specification (9-1) for my separates class (Year 10-KS4). Includes: slide animations, embedded video, practice exam question with mark scheme. This resource is suitable for combined science students. May needed to be edited for foundation students. AQA spec link: 5.3.2 Relevant chapter: B11 Hormonal coordination. AQA Biology third edition textbook-Page 162-163. Blood glucose concentration is monitored and controlled by the pancreas. If the blood glucose concentration is too high, the pancreas produces the hormone insulin that causes glucose to move from the blood into the cells. In liver and muscle cells excess glucose is converted to glycogen for storage. Students should be able to explain how insulin controls blood glucose (sugar) levels in the body. Type 1 diabetes is a disorder in which the pancreas fails to produce sufficient insulin. It is characterised by uncontrolled high blood glucose levels. In Type 2 diabetes the body cells no longer respond to insulin produced by the pancreas. Students should be able to compare Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes and explain how they can be treated. Students should be able to extract information and interpret data from graphs that show the effect of insulin in blood glucose levels in both people with diabetes and people without diabetes. (Will be incorporated in treating diabetes lesson). Higher content- If the blood glucose concentration is too low, the pancreas produces the hormone glucagon that causes glycogen to be converted into glucose and released into the blood. Students should be able to explain how glucagon interacts with insulin in a negative feedback cycle to control blood glucose (sugar) levels in the body. (Will be mentioned in negative feedback lesson)

Principles of hormonal control lesson created in accordance to the NEW AQA Specification (9-1) for my separates class (Year 10-KS4). Includes: slide animations, embedded video, worksheet and practice questions with mark scheme. This resource is suitable for combined science students. AQA spec link: 5.3.1 Relevant chapter: B11 Hormonal coordination. AQA Biology third edition textbook-Page 160-161. *The new specification requires students to know the following; Students should be able to describe the principles of hormonal coordination and control by the human endocrine system. The endocrine system is composed of glands which secrete chemicals called hormones directly into the blood stream. The blood carries the hormone to a target organ where it produces an effect. Compared to the nervous system the effects are slower but act for longer. The pituitary gland in the brain is a ‘master gland’ which secretes several hormones into the blood in response to body conditions. These hormones in turn act on other glands to stimulate other hormones to be released to bring about effects. Students should be able to identify the position of the following on a diagram of the human body: • pituitary gland • pancreas • thyroid • adrenal gland • ovary • testes.

This lesson has been created in accordance to the NEW AQA Specification (9-1) for my combined/additional science class (Year 9-KS4). Includes: slide animations, embedded videos, differentiated questions and answers have also been included within the slides. This resource is suitable for separate science students. AQA spec link: 4.3.1.1 Relevant chapter: B5-Communicable diseases . AQA Biology third edition textbook-Page 82-83. *The new specification requires students to know the following; Explain how the spread of diseases can be reduced or prevented.

I taught bacterial and viral diseases in one lesson so that my students could compare and contrast between the two types. Students enjoyed finding out information online. It also allowed students to access a wealth of information and prompted very interesting discussions. I would recommend booking an ICT suite, i Pads or laptops to make the most out of the independent activity. If computer access is limited the student textbook can also be used :) This lesson has been created in accordance to the NEW AQA Specification (9-1) for my combined/additional science class (Year 9-KS4). Includes: slide animations, embedded video, worksheets (including support sheet) and answers have also been included within the slides. This resource is suitable for separate science students. If you have a low ability group or would like to incorporate exam questions, i would recommend splitting this lesson in two. AQA spec link: 4.3.1.2, 4.3.1.3 Relevant chapter: B5-Communicable diseases . AQA Biology third edition textbook-Page 84-87. *The new specification requires students to know the following; Explain how the spread of diseases can be reduced or prevented. Viral diseases Measles is a viral disease showing symptoms of fever and a red skin rash. Measles is a serious illness that can be fatal if complications arise. For this reason most young children are vaccinated against measles. The measles virus is spread by inhalation of droplets from sneezes and coughs. HIV initially causes a flu-like illness. Unless successfully controlled with antiretroviral drugs the virus attacks the body’s immune cells. Late stage HIV infection, or AIDS, occurs when the body’s immune system becomes so badly damaged it can no longer deal with other infections or cancers. HIV is spread by sexual contact or exchange of body fluids such as blood which occurs when drug users share needles. Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is a widespread plant pathogen affecting many species of plants including tomatoes. It gives a distinctive ‘mosaic’ pattern of discolouration on the leaves which affects the growth of the plant due to lack of photosynthesis . Bacterial diseases Salmonella food poisoning is spread by bacteria ingested in food, or on food prepared in unhygienic conditions. In the UK, poultry are vaccinated against. Salmonella to control the spread. Fever, abdominal cramps, vomiting, and diarrhoea are caused by the bacteria and the toxins they secrete. Gonorrhoea is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) with symptoms of a thick yellow or green discharge from the vagina or penis and pain on urinating. It is caused by a bacterium and was easily treated with the antibiotic penicillin until many resistant strains appeared. Gonorrhoea is spread by sexual contact. The spread can be controlled by treatment with antibiotics or the use of a barrier method of contraception such as a condom.

This lesson has been created in accordance to the NEW AQA Specification (9-1) for my combined/additional science class (Year 9-KS4). Includes: slide animations, embedded video, worksheet, quiz, practice exam questions and answers have also been included within the slides. This resource is suitable for separate science students. AQA spec link: Relevant chapter: B5-Communicable diseases . AQA Biology third edition textbook-Page 90-91. *The new specification requires students to know the following; Students should be able to describe the non-specific defence systems of the human body against pathogens, including the: • skin • nose • trachea and bronchi • stomach. Students should be able to explain the role of the immune system in the defence against disease. If a pathogen enters the body the immune system tries to destroy the pathogen. White blood cells help to defend against pathogens by: • phagocytosis • antibody production • antitoxin production.

This lesson has been created in accordance to the NEW AQA Specification (9-1) for my combined/additional science class (Year 9-KS4). Includes: slide animations, embedded video, worksheet and answers have also been included within the slides. This resource is suitable for separate science students. AQA spec link: 4.3.1.4 and 4.3.1.5 Relevant chapter: B5-Communicable diseases . AQA Biology third edition textbook-Page 88-89. *The new specification requires students to know the following; Rose black spot is a fungal disease where purple or black spots develop on leaves, which often turn yellow and drop early. It affects the growth of the plant as photosynthesis is reduced. It is spread in the environment by water or wind. Rose black spot can be treated by using fungicides and/or removing and destroying the affected leaves. The pathogens that cause malaria are protists. The malarial protist has a life cycle that includes the mosquito. Malaria causes recurrent episodes of fever and can be fatal. The spread of malaria is controlled by preventing the vectors, mosquitos, from breeding and by using mosquito nets to avoid being bitten.

Health and disease lesson created in accordance to the NEW AQA Specification (9-1) for my combined/additional science class (Year 9-KS4). Includes: slide animations, embedded video, worksheets and practice questions with answers. This resource is suitable for separate science students. AQA spec link: 4.3.1.1 Relevant chapter: B5-Communicable diseases . AQA Biology third edition textbook-Page 76-77. *The new specification requires students to know the following; Students should be able to explain how diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, protists, and fungi are spread in animals and plants. Pathogens are microorganisms that cause infectious disease. Pathogens may be viruses, bacteria, protists, or fungi. They may infect animals and can be spread by direct contact, by water, or by air. Bacteria and viruses may reproduce rapidly inside the body. Bacteria may produce poisons (toxins) that damage tissues and make us feel ill. Viruses live and reproduce inside cells, causing cell damage.

Health and disease lesson created in accordance to the NEW AQA Specification (9-1) for my combined/additional science class (Year 9-KS4). Includes: slide animations, embedded video and practice questions with answers. This resource is suitable for separate science students. AQA spec link: 2.2.5 Relevant chapter: B5-Communicable diseases . AQA Biology third edition textbook-Page 74-75. *The new specification requires students to know the following; Students should be able to describe the relationship between health and disease and the interactions between different types of disease. Health is the state of physical and mental wellbeing. Diseases, both communicable and non-communicable, are major causes of ill health. Other factors including diet, stress, and life situations may have a profound effect on both physical and mental health. Different types of disease may interact. • Defects in the immune system mean that an individual is more likely to suffer from infectious diseases. • Viruses living in cells can be the trigger for cancers. • Immune reactions initially caused by a pathogen can trigger allergies such as skin rashes and asthma. • Severe physical ill health can lead to depression and other mental illness. Students should be able to translate disease incidence information between graphical and numerical forms, construct and interpret frequency tables and diagrams, bar charts and histograms, and use a scatter diagram to identify a correlation between two variables.

B10 and B11 revision pack created for biology separates. It includes a series of practice paper questions and a mark scheme, I've tried to include a question from each topic. Total marks out of 33. Perfect to set over the half term, or for a quick progress check at the end of the topic (formative assessment).

Germination Practical (RP 8). This practical was completed in 2 lessons. Students are required to collect data outside of lesson time. I’ve attached both lessons, mock data (lesson 2) and a sign in sheet so you can create your own groups and student rota. Good luck! Lesson 1: Demo provided, students set up their practical, three conditions were created; full light-by windowsill, partial light-underneath windowsill and darkness-cupboard. The remainder of the lesson was spent discussing how to collect data, the student rota was explained. Students also used this time to assign roles to one another. Opportunity to collect data at break/lunch over 7 days (excluding weekends). Lesson 2: Interpreting data, working out averages, plotting graph, biological drawings. Conclusion and evaluation of practical was given as homework. Overall, this practical was very easy to set up but very fiddly to organise. Students need to take active approach as this practical needs to be done over 7 consecutive days, ownership to students. Mustard seeds were quick to germinate but were very poor at demonstrating phototropism. I would probably use coriander seeds next time. Also in the dark condition shoots grew very long, this confused students as light was absent (due to Etiolation), to complex for GCSE students to comprehend. Spec ref: 5.4.1 Required practical: Investigate the effect of light or gravity on the growth of newly germinated seedlings. Record results as both length measurements and as careful, labelled biological drawings to show the effects.

This lesson created in accordance to the NEW AQA Specification (9-1) for my separates class (Year 10-KS4). I taught this lesson after the required germination practical. Includes: slide animations, embedded video and practice questions with mark scheme. This resource is for separates ONLY. *NOTE-using plant hormones-Higher tier only* AQA spec link: 5.4.1, 5.4.2 Relevant chapter: B11.9/10- AQA Biology third edition textbook-Page 176-179 *The new specification requires students to know the following; Plants produce hormones to coordinate and control growth and responses: to light, phototropism; and gravity, gravitropism (geotropism). Unequal distributions of auxin cause unequal growth rates in plant roots and shoots. Gibberellins are important in initiating seed germination. Ethene controls cell division and ripening of fruits. The mechanisms of how gibberellins and ethene work are not required. Students should be able to describe the effects of some plant hormones and the different ways people use them to control plant growth. Plant growth hormones are used in agriculture and horticulture. Auxins are used as: • as weed killers • as rooting powders • for promoting growth in tissue culture. Ethene is used in the food industry to control ripening of fruit during storage and transport. Gibberellins can be used to: • end seed dormancy • promote flowering • increase fruit size.

Infertility treatments lesson created in accordance to the NEW AQA Specification (9-1) for my separates class (Year 10-KS4). Includes: slide animations, embedded video, worksheet and practice questions with mark scheme. This resource is suitable for combined science students. *Note-For higher tier only* AQA spec link:5.3.6 Relevant chapter: B11.8-Infertility treatments . AQA Biology third edition textbook-Page 174-175. *The new specification requires students to know the following; Students should be able to explain the use of hormones in modern reproductive technologies to treat infertility. This includes giving FSH and LH in a ‘fertility drug’ to a woman. She may then become pregnant in the normal way. In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) treatment: • IVF involves giving a mother FSH and LH to stimulate the maturation of several eggs. • The eggs are collected from the mother and fertilised by sperm from the father in the laboratory. • The fertilised eggs develop into embryos. • At the stage when they are tiny balls of cells, one or two embryos are inserted into the mother’s uterus (womb). Although fertility treatment gives a woman the chance to have a baby of her own: • it is very emotionally and physically stressful • the success rates are not high • it can lead to multiple births which are a risk to both the babies and the mother.

The artificial control of fertility (contraception) lesson created in accordance to the NEW AQA Specification (9-1) for my separates class (Year 10-KS4). Includes: slide animations, embedded video and practice questions (homework) with mark scheme. This resource is suitable for combined science students. AQA spec link:5.3.5 Relevant chapter: B11.7-The artificial control of fertility . AQA Biology third edition textbook-Page 172-173. *The new specification requires students to know the following; Students should be able to evaluate the different hormonal and non-hormonal methods of contraception. Fertility can be controlled by a variety of hormonal and non-hormonal methods of contraception. These include: • oral contraceptives that contain hormones to inhibit FSH production so that no eggs mature • injection, implant, or skin patch of slow release progesterone to inhibit the maturation and release of eggs for a number of months or years • barrier methods such as condoms and diaphragms which prevent the sperm reaching an egg • intrauterine devices which prevent the implantation of an embryo or release a hormone • spermicidal agents which kill or disable sperm • abstaining from intercourse when an egg may be in the oviduct • surgical methods of male and female sterilisation.

This worksheet requires students to complete unlabelled diagrams using the AQA Biology textbook (page 188-189). This resource has been created to support the lesson on dialysis (check it out). *Top tip-print 2 copies to 1 A4 page to save printing*. AQA spec link: 5.3.3 People who suffer from kidney failure may be treated by using kidney dialysis. Students should know the basic principles of the operation of a dialysis machine.

This worksheet requires students to complete an unlabelled diagram using the AQA biology textbook (Page 188-189). This worksheet supports the lesson created on dialysis. *Top tip-to save printing print 2 of these pages to 1 A4 * AQA spec link: 5.3.3 People who suffer from kidney failure may be treated by using kidney dialysis. Students should know the basic principles of the operation of a dialysis machine.