Welcome to “Exploring Ancient Chinese Philosophy”, where we delve into the rich tapestry of thought from ancient China. In this session, we embark on a journey through the philosophical influences that shaped ancient Chinese society, including Legalism, Confucianism, and Daoism. Our class begins with a stimulating Starter Activity, prompting students to engage in discussion with a friend about images which stemmed from these philosophies, using three-word prompts. As we progress, our Graduated Aims guide us: all will/most will/some will. Through teacher exposition, we provide background information on Legalism, Confucianism, and Daoism. The main activity, introduced thereafter, takes the form of Blind Date Style Responses, where students, grouped in threes, prepare and share responses embodying one of the philosophies. Example responses serve as inspiration. It’s a creative way to develop real understanding on a complicated topic. A revisit to our objectives precedes the plenary, where students engage in a lively vote on the most compelling ‘date’. I’d be so grateful if you can find time to add a positive review if you enjoyed this lesson.

This 51-slide PowerPoint lesson begins with a Starter Activity, during which students are invited to see how many world leaders’ monikers they know (Napoleon is The Little General, Churchill the British Bulldog, Mandela Madiba etc). Subsequently, there is an explanation of what Mary is best known for and how she acquired her nickname. The lesson title and progressive objectives (all will/most will/some will) are then introduced, followed by contextual information about the period for teacher exposition. The primary activity involves students walking around the classroom in groups to peruse information displayed in a Gallery Walk (consisting of 17 picture frames, which need to be printed and affixed around the room). Groups are tasked with assigning roles within their team (coordinator, recorder, timekeeper, researcher, presenter, and proofreader — these can be doubled up if smaller groups are preferred). Some of the information presented during the Gallery Walk suggests Mary does deserve the title Bloody, while other aspects remind us of the more positive aspects of her reign. It’s an engaging lesson that allows students to explore beyond the classroom confines, potentially showcasing their activities to a wider audience within the school. The students collectively complete their information grids and share their findings from the Gallery Walk, leading to an extended writing task centred around the Key Question. The lesson objectives are revisited, and the session concludes with a plenary activity where students indicate their stance on whether they believe Mary is deserving of her nickname by physically positioning themselves to the left or right of the room. It is tailored for Key Stage 3 high school students but could be adapted for slightly younger learners as well. The content is presented in UK English.

This 45-slide PowerPoint lesson is always the first session I deliver in my unit on Ancient China. The lesson commences with an Odd One Out Starter Activity, during which students select one falsehood about Oracle Bones from a selection of four statements. Subsequently, there is an explanation of what Oracle Bones were and how they relate to the Xia Dynasty. The lesson title and progressive objectives (all will/most will/some will) are then introduced, followed by five slides of contextual information about the period for teacher exposition. The primary activity involves students walking around the classroom in groups to peruse information displayed in a Gallery Walk (consisting of 13 pictures, which need to be printed and affixed around the room). Groups are tasked with assigning roles within their team (coordinator, recorder, timekeeper, researcher, presenter, and proofreader — these can be doubled up if smaller groups are preferred). Some of the information presented during the Gallery Walk suggests the existence of the Xia Dynasty, while other aspects question whether it was merely a myth fabricated by later Dynasties. It’s an engaging lesson that allows students to explore beyond the classroom confines, potentially showcasing their activities to a wider audience within the school. The students collectively complete their information grids and share their findings from the Gallery Walk, leading to an extended writing task centred around the Key Question. The lesson objectives are revisited, and the session concludes with a plenary activity where students indicate their stance on whether they believe the Xia Dynasty was real or a myth by physically positioning themselves to the left or right of the room. I crafted this lesson during my tenure teaching History in China, so it holds sentimental value for me to share it with fellow educators. It is tailored for Key Stage 3 high school students but could be adapted for slightly younger learners as well. The content is presented in UK English.

This 25-slide PowerPoint begins with an odd one out Starter Activity in which students pick out one misconception about the Han Dynasty. They are then introduced to the lesson title and graduated aims (all will/most will/some will). There is then some background information to enable teacher exposition. This is followed by a series of slides in which 12 people offer reasons for the collapse, some of which relate to internal problems (taxes, loss of traditional values, etc.) and some of which relate to external pressures (bandits on the Silk Road, attacks by nomadic tribes such as Xiongnu, etc.). Students act as journalists and jot down notes from these characters before using the information to create a newspaper to answer the Key Question. The lesson objectives are revisited, and the lesson concludes with a plenary in which the class is asked to come up with eight reasons for the collapse of the Han Dynasty and to write them on a flower with eight petals. I created this lesson while I taught History in China, and it was designed for high school students. It is written in UK English.

This is a powerful lesson in causation. Students read through the detailed background information before arranging 17 extremely detailed and precise information cards into factors (economic, cultural, and people). This activity helps students scaffold a response to the key question which can then be used as the basis for a piece of assessed or extended written work. I hope your students find this as useful as I know mine have!

This 34-slide PowerPoint begins with a Countdown-style Starter Activity in which students unjumble the letters to reveal the word ‘revolt.’ A definition is given, leading to the introduction of the Key Question and graduated lesson aims (‘all will/most will/some will’). Following this, there are background information slides to facilitate teacher exposition about the Peasants’ Revolt before the main activity. Two versions of a hexagonal card sort (one color-coordinated for those who need assistance) are provided, and students sort the 16 cards into five different factors, ranging from economic reasons to Richard II. Later, students are encouraged to identify links between the factors. The graduated aims are revisited, and the lesson concludes with a starfish plenary, during which the class comes up to the front and adds their evidence to the most important factor in answering the Key Question. Finally, a take-home written task is assigned to test student knowledge acquired during the lesson. I hope your students benefit from this fully-resourced lesson as much as mine always do. It has been tailored for high-achieving Key Stage 3 high school students and is written in UK English.

This 38-slide PowerPoint begins with a starter activity where students look at some picture prompts to discuss methods of modern medicine. This then leads to a discussion of how medicine might have been different in Ancient China. After this, students are introduced to the lesson title and graduated aims (all will/most will/some will achieve) and there follows some slides of background information for teacher exposition covering yin and yang, moxibustion, tai chi, etc. Three sources are used to stimulate class discussion (each has one comprehension question), and the class are then asked to use the information to create a role play about Ancient Chinese medicine (a digested version is given to help with this). They can then act these out. I have included an exemplar role play scenario, if you’re struggling for time, but it works best if students create their own. The lesson aims are revisited, and the lesson’s plenary asks students to write down what they have learned about how similar and how different Ancient Chinese medicine was and to place these on post-it notes in one of two corresponding baskets. I hope your students get as much out of this lesson as mine always do. It has been pitched at high-achieving Key Stage 3 high school students and is written in UK English. I created this lesson when teaching in China, so it’s one that’s close to my heart!

This 53-slide PowerPoint begins with a Starter Activity in which students guess whether five statements about Roman entertainment are true or false. They are then introduced to the lesson title and graduated aims (all will/most will/some will). Following this, there are information slides covering key areas from Gladiators to Theatre to Public Bathing, facilitating teacher exposition. This leads to the main activity, where students are invited to create a role-play as if they had been transported back in time to explore similarities and differences in entertainment. An example is provided, which the teacher can quickly run through with the class. Subsequently, the students perform their plays, and the lesson objectives are revisited. Following this, a lesson plenary invites the class to make eight comments on a flower to answer the Key Question, and a piece of extended written work is set as homework. This lesson has been designed for Key Stage 3 students but would also suit slightly younger students. It is written in UK English.

This 43-slide PowerPoint begins with a Starter Activity in which the class is invited to guess the top 6 things a museum exhibition requires to be successful (this is done in the form of a Family Feud-style game). This leads to a discussion of the purposes of a good exhibition with a clear theme/concept and quality content displayed in an accessible manner. This introduces the lesson title and graduated aims (all will/most will/some will). The class is then invited to consider some key areas of the period, and an example of each is given (e.g., for the early Weimar era, the example of hyperinflation banknotes is given as a possible exhibition artifact, or for Kristallnacht a shard of glass). The class then creates their own exhibitions, ensuring they only select a maximum of 8 items and explain and analyse them as they relate to the period. When they present, the class peer-assesses using the criteria on the sheet (which link back to the Starter Activity). The lesson aims are revisited before the lesson concludes with a plenary in which the class is invited to take on the role of “Voices of Germany 1919-45” or “Voices of the Future” and discuss their thoughts on a range of artifacts (these are provided in one slide, but it works best if you use those that students came up with themselves in their own exhibitions). I designed this lesson for high-achieving IB students, and it works well to introduce a topic on authoritarian states or to conclude it. It can also be used for high-ability, slightly younger students. This lesson is written in UK English.

This 42-slide PowerPoint begins with a Starter Activity in which the class is invited to guess the top 6 things a museum exhibition requires to be successful (this is done in the form of a Family Feud-style game). This leads to a discussion of the purposes of a good exhibition with a clear theme/concept and quality content displayed in an accessible manner. This introduces the lesson title and graduated aims (all will/most will/some will). The class is then invited to consider some key areas of the period, and an example of each is given (e.g., for example a pair of handcuffs are used to represent the Great Purges, a Soviet victory flag to represent the Second World War etc). The class then create their own exhibitions, ensuring they only select a maximum of 8 items and explain and analyse them as they relate to the period. This takes a couple of lessons. When they present, the class peer-assesses using the criteria on the sheet (which link back to the Starter Activity). The lesson aims are revisited before the lesson concludes with a plenary in which the class is invited to take on the role of “Voices of Stalin’s USSR” or “Voices of the Future” and discuss their thoughts on a range of artifacts (these are provided in one slide, but it works best if you use those that students came up with themselves in their own exhibitions). I designed this lesson for high-achieving high school students, and it works well to introduce a topic on Stalin’s USSR or to conclude it. This lesson is written in UK English.

This 32-slide PowerPoint commences with a Starter Activity, inviting students to examine images of famous leaders and engage in a discussion regarding their classification as terrific or tyrannical. The lesson title and graded aims (all will/most will/some will) are then introduced, alongside two contrasting viewpoints on the subject, which are revisited in the plenary session. Background information about Emperor Qin is provided for teacher exposition, followed by a 24-piece hexagonal card sort activity conducted in pairs or groups, where students categorize factors into positive and negative columns, further dissecting them into social, economic, and military aspects. A colour-coded version aids those needing additional support. Subsequently, students prepare for a debate, selecting a side to support, with the debate format provided and monitored by the teacher. A written task addressing the Key Question is assigned, concluding with a plenary session where students revisit the opposing views on Qin and position themselves in agreement, or in the middle, within the classroom. This lesson, crafted during my tenure teaching History in China, holds personal significance and is tailored for Key Stage 3 high school students, presented in UK-English.

This 45-slide PowerPoint begins with a Starter Activity in which the class is invited to guess the top 6 things a museum exhibition requires to be successful (this is done in the form of a Family Feud-style game). This leads to a discussion of the purposes of a good exhibition with a clear theme/concept and quality content displayed in an accessible manner. This introduces the lesson title and graduated aims (all will/most will/some will). The class is then invited to consider some key areas of the period, and an example of each is given (e.g., for example Oracle Bones are used to represent the Shang Dynasty, Bronze Bells to represent the Zhou Dynasty etc). The class then create their own exhibitions, ensuring they only select a maximum of 8 items and explain and analyse them as they relate to the period. When they present, the class peer-assesses using the criteria on the sheet (which link back to the Starter Activity). The lesson aims are revisited before the lesson concludes with a plenary in which the class is invited to take on the role of “Voices of Ancient China” or “Voices of the Future” and discuss their thoughts on a range of artifacts (these are provided in one slide, but it works best if you use those that students came up with themselves in their own exhibitions). I designed this lesson for high-achieving students, and it works well to introduce a topic on Ancient China or to conclude it. This lesson is written in UK English.

This 47-slide PowerPoint begins with a Starter Activity in which the class is invited to guess the top 6 things a museum exhibition requires to be successful (this is done in the form of a Family Feud-style game). This leads to a discussion of the purposes of a good exhibition with a clear theme/concept and quality content displayed in an accessible manner. This introduces the lesson title and graduated aims (all will/most will/some will). The class is then invited to consider some key areas of the period, and an example of each is given (e.g., for example a signed Ruth Babe baseball is used to represent sports, a soup meal ticket to represent the Depression etc). The class then create their own exhibitions, ensuring they only select a maximum of 8 items and explain and analyse them as they relate to the period. When they present, the class peer-assesses using the criteria on the sheet (which link back to the Starter Activity). The lesson aims are revisited before the lesson concludes with a plenary in which the class is invited to take on the role of “Voices of USA 1919-41” or “Voices of the Future” and discuss their thoughts on a range of artifacts (these are provided in one slide, but it works best if you use those that students came up with themselves in their own exhibitions). I designed this lesson for high-achieving students, and it works well to introduce a topic on the USA in the 1920s and 1930s or to conclude it. This lesson is written in UK English.

This 47-slide PowerPoint begins with a Starter Activity in which the class is invited to guess the top 6 things a museum exhibition requires to be successful (this is done in the form of a Family Feud-style game). This leads to a discussion of the purposes of a good exhibition with a clear theme/concept and quality content displayed in an accessible manner. This introduces the lesson title and graduated aims (all will/most will/some will). The class is then invited to consider some key areas of the period, and an example of each is given (e.g., for example a coin showing Greek and Roman influences are used to represent the Ptolemaic Dynasty, her Royal Scarab to represent Cleopatra VII’s reign etc). The class then create their own exhibitions, ensuring they only select a maximum of 8 items and explain and analyse them as they relate to the period. This takes a couple of lessons. When they present, the class peer-assesses using the criteria on the sheet (which link back to the Starter Activity). The lesson aims are revisited before the lesson concludes with a plenary in which the class is invited to take on the role of “Voices of Ancient Egypt” or “Voices of the Future” and discuss their thoughts on a range of artifacts (these are provided in one slide, but it works best if you use those that students came up with themselves in their own exhibitions). I designed this lesson for high-achieving high school students, but it can work for slightly younger students too, and it works well to introduce a topic on Ancient Egypt or to conclude it. This lesson is written in UK English.

This 30-slide PowerPoint begins with a Starter Activity in which students are asked to close their eyes while the teacher reads out a story, taking them back in time to the Forbidden Palace. When they open their eyes, they are asked to work with a friend to create a quick sketch of what was described. The lesson title and graduated criteria (all will/most will/some will) are then introduced, followed by a few slides of background information to enable teacher exposition. This explains several aspects relating to feng shui, the importance of the number 9, symbolism of colours, and much more. The class then begins their main activity, which is to design a visual illustration with written explanations. The lesson aims are revisited, and the lesson concludes with a plenary in which students are asked to add a post-it note to one of three bins to show what can be learned about Ancient China in terms of power, culture, and education. I created this lesson while teaching History in China, and so it means a lot to me to pass it on to other teachers. It is pitched at Key Stage 3 high school students but would work well with slightly younger classes too. It is written in UK English.

This is a 43-slide PowerPoint presentation designed for Key Stage 3 high school students, composed in UK English. It begins with a Countdown-style Starter Activity where students unjumble letters to key things related to the period, such as paper and acupuncture. An introduction to the period is provided, followed by graduated lesson aims (all will/most will/some will). The slides delve into four different ways the period can be judged: government, culture, technology, and trade. The main activity involves students working in teams to cut out a 32-piece hexagonal card sort, provided in plain hexagons and color-coded ones for differentiation. They sort these into positive and negative columns and then arrange them into four categories. The lesson aims are revisited, culminating in a plenary where students fill in the quarters of a four-leaved clover labelled with the factors to answer the Key Question: Was the Han Dynasty the Golden Age of Ancient China? Crafted during my tenure teaching History in China, this lesson is adaptable for younger audiences.

This 28-slide PowerPoint presentation commences with a Starter Activity, prompting students to match famous figures with the unusual items they chose to be buried with, such as Houdini and his keys. Following this, the slides detail the discovery of the Terracotta Warriors, leading to an exploration of why Emperor Qin Shi Huang would choose to be interred with 8,000 model soldiers. The lesson title is introduced alongside graduated lesson aims (all will/most will/some will), followed by slides delving into the finds and inferences that can be drawn from them, provided by the teacher. Subsequently, the main activity is outlined, tasking students with crafting a series of diary entries as one of the archaeologists, supplemented by exemplars. Finally, the lesson aims are revisited, culminating in a plenary where students contribute their learnings by writing them on designated baskets categorized into political, economic, military, and social aspects. This lesson, crafted during my tenure teaching History in China, is tailored for Key Stage 3 high school students but is adaptable for younger audiences, and is composed in UK English.

In this lesson students read through incredibly detailed notes designed to really boost their subject knowledge and understanding of factors which caused Franco’s nationalists to prevail in the Spanish Civil War. Students then complete a mix and match dominoes activity to test their comprehension before completing the lesson with a ‘find someone who’ activity which involves them interviewing classmates to complete differentiated tasks. This lesson is pitched at very able students and my classes always find these notes and approach an excellent way to grasp the topic. I hope this lesson can be of use to you and if so please feel free to browse through my other resources in my shop. Best wishes, Daniel

This 49-slide PowerPoint begins with a Starter Activity in which students are asked to close their eyes while the teacher reads them a story about a crime in Anglo-Saxon England. As they do so, encourage them to perform some of the actions underlined. When they are told to open their eyes, they see a number of visual prompts on the board and are asked to come up with a punishment for the offender. This links to the lesson title, which is introduced alongside graduated lesson aims (all will/most will/some will). There are then some slides of background information describing the main aspects of law and order in this period from tithings to trials by ordeal, and the role of the Witan, the reeve, and other key aspects are discussed. From here, students are asked to create their own ‘museum’ in only 8 objects (examples are given, but they are encouraged to find their own). For each museum piece, they need to explain their choice and how it was used to keep law and order in the period. The lesson aims are revisited, and students present their findings. The lesson plenary invites students to consider the key aspects of the period and to make comparisons with modern equivalents/evolutions (such as hue and cry to telephone). There is an extended written task set as homework at the end if required. This lesson has been pitched at high-achieving high school students and is written in UK English. I hope your students get as much out of it as mine do.

This 45-slide PowerPoint begins with a Starter Activity in which students are encouraged to close their eyes and mime along to a story in which they play the role of Hasan, a merchant on the Silk Road during its heyday. They are then introduced to the lesson title and the graduated lesson aims (all will/most will/some will). Following this, there are background information slides for teacher exposition before the main task is set. Students are given some ideas of things they might find (exotic animals, fruits, incense, religious ideas, new languages, ivory products, etc.) and are asked to create their own museum about the Silk Road with only 8 objects. For each item, they need to explain its significance. Once students present, the lesson aims are revisited, and there is a lesson plenary in which the class writes an account that answers the Key Question using the knowledge they have acquired. An additional homework task is set (they are asked to photograph items in their household that have been discussed in the lesson). This lesson is pitched at high-achieving Key Stage 3 high school students and is designed to promote independent learning, research, and presentation skills. It is written in UK English.