Hero image

FingerTips Resources

Average Rating2.90
(based on 11 reviews)

Specialists in creating engaging, interactive and fun language learning resources for English, French , Spanish, German and Portuguese classes. Exam preparation, conversation, reading & writing, speaking & listening, grammar & vocabulary. ESL | ELE | FLE

1k+Uploads

237k+Views

10k+Downloads

Specialists in creating engaging, interactive and fun language learning resources for English, French , Spanish, German and Portuguese classes. Exam preparation, conversation, reading & writing, speaking & listening, grammar & vocabulary. ESL | ELE | FLE
Entertainment - ESL Conversation Activity
fingertips-resourcesfingertips-resources

Entertainment - ESL Conversation Activity

(0)
No prep pair-work speaking activity. Topic of conversation: ENTERTAINMENT Part 1: Photo description & comparison Encourages use of linking terms, connectors and cohesive devices Vocabulary acquisition Part 2: Discussion questions Debates Agree / disagree Advantages / disadvantages Encourages fluency and confidence using English Can be used for a 1-1 speaking class or pair-work activity in a large class Instructions for PART 1: 1) Working with a partner with the same photo (student As with As, Bs with Bs), students attempt to identify the vocabulary in their photo. (alternatively, for low-level students, the teacher can provide students with a vocabulary list and the students label the photo). 2) Change pairs to AB. 3) Student A describes photo while student B listens attentively. 4) Student B describes photo while student A listens attentively. 5) Still without looking at each other’s photos, students attempt to identify 3 differences between their photos. Students may now look at each other’s photos and describe 2-3 differences each. Encourage use of CONNECTORS: Firstly, Secondly, Finally However, On the other hand , Whereas Furthermore, In addition, Moreover Instructions for PART 2 1) Students ask each other the discussion questions. Encourage students to: Extend their answers Elicit more information Agree / disagree with their partners Justify their arguments 2) Students try and report to their new partner everything they can remember which their old partner has just told them. Encourage students to use the questions to guide their memory. GAMIFICATION ALTERNATIVES PROVIDED WITH THE INSTRUCTIONS
Food - ESL Conversation Activity
fingertips-resourcesfingertips-resources

Food - ESL Conversation Activity

(0)
No prep pair-work speaking activity. Topic of conversation: FOOD Part 1: Photo description & comparison Encourages use of linking terms, connectors and cohesive devices Vocabulary acquisition Part 2: Discussion questions Debates Agree / disagree Advantages / disadvantages Encourages fluency and confidence using English Can be used for a 1-1 speaking class or pair-work activity in a large class Instructions for PART 1: 1) Working with a partner with the same photo (student As with As, Bs with Bs), students attempt to identify the vocabulary in their photo. (alternatively, for low-level students, the teacher can provide students with a vocabulary list and the students label the photo). 2) Change pairs to AB. 3) Student A describes photo while student B listens attentively. 4) Student B describes photo while student A listens attentively. 5) Still without looking at each other’s photos, students attempt to identify 3 differences between their photos. Students may now look at each other’s photos and describe 2-3 differences each. Encourage use of CONNECTORS: Firstly, Secondly, Finally However, On the other hand , Whereas Furthermore, In addition, Moreover Instructions for PART 2 1) Students ask each other the discussion questions. Encourage students to: Extend their answers Elicit more information Agree / disagree with their partners Justify their arguments 2) Students try and report to their new partner everything they can remember which their old partner has just told them. Encourage students to use the questions to guide their memory. GAMIFICATION ALTERNATIVES PROVIDED WITH THE INSTRUCTIONS
Feelings - ESL Conversation Activity
fingertips-resourcesfingertips-resources

Feelings - ESL Conversation Activity

(0)
No prep pair-work speaking activity. Topic of conversation: FEELINGS Part 1: Photo description & comparison Encourages use of linking terms, connectors and cohesive devices Vocabulary acquisition Part 2: Discussion questions Debates Agree / disagree Advantages / disadvantages Encourages fluency and confidence using English Can be used for a 1-1 speaking class or pair-work activity in a large class Instructions for PART 1: 1) Working with a partner with the same photo (student As with As, Bs with Bs), students attempt to identify the vocabulary in their photo. (alternatively, for low-level students, the teacher can provide students with a vocabulary list and the students label the photo). 2) Change pairs to AB. 3) Student A describes photo while student B listens attentively. 4) Student B describes photo while student A listens attentively. 5) Still without looking at each other’s photos, students attempt to identify 3 differences between their photos. Students may now look at each other’s photos and describe 2-3 differences each. Encourage use of CONNECTORS: Firstly, Secondly, Finally However, On the other hand , Whereas Furthermore, In addition, Moreover Instructions for PART 2 1) Students ask each other the discussion questions. Encourage students to: Extend their answers Elicit more information Agree / disagree with their partners Justify their arguments 2) Students try and report to their new partner everything they can remember which their old partner has just told them. Encourage students to use the questions to guide their memory. GAMIFICATION ALTERNATIVES PROVIDED WITH THE INSTRUCTIONS
Fashion - ESL Conversation Activity
fingertips-resourcesfingertips-resources

Fashion - ESL Conversation Activity

(0)
No prep pair-work speaking activity. Topic of conversation: FASHION Part 1: Photo description & comparison Encourages use of linking terms, connectors and cohesive devices Vocabulary acquisition Part 2: Discussion questions Debates Agree / disagree Advantages / disadvantages Encourages fluency and confidence using English Can be used for a 1-1 speaking class or pair-work activity in a large class Instructions for PART 1: 1) Working with a partner with the same photo (student As with As, Bs with Bs), students attempt to identify the vocabulary in their photo. (alternatively, for low-level students, the teacher can provide students with a vocabulary list and the students label the photo). 2) Change pairs to AB. 3) Student A describes photo while student B listens attentively. 4) Student B describes photo while student A listens attentively. 5) Still without looking at each other’s photos, students attempt to identify 3 differences between their photos. Students may now look at each other’s photos and describe 2-3 differences each. Encourage use of CONNECTORS: Firstly, Secondly, Finally However, On the other hand , Whereas Furthermore, In addition, Moreover Instructions for PART 2 1) Students ask each other the discussion questions. Encourage students to: Extend their answers Elicit more information Agree / disagree with their partners Justify their arguments 2) Students try and report to their new partner everything they can remember which their old partner has just told them. Encourage students to use the questions to guide their memory. GAMIFICATION ALTERNATIVES PROVIDED WITH THE INSTRUCTIONS
Family - ESL Conversation Activity
fingertips-resourcesfingertips-resources

Family - ESL Conversation Activity

(0)
No prep pair-work speaking activity. Topic of conversation: FAMILY Part 1: Photo description & comparison Encourages use of linking terms, connectors and cohesive devices Vocabulary acquisition Part 2: Discussion questions Debates Agree / disagree Advantages / disadvantages Encourages fluency and confidence using English Can be used for a 1-1 speaking class or pair-work activity in a large class Instructions for PART 1: 1) Working with a partner with the same photo (student As with As, Bs with Bs), students attempt to identify the vocabulary in their photo. (alternatively, for low-level students, the teacher can provide students with a vocabulary list and the students label the photo). 2) Change pairs to AB. 3) Student A describes photo while student B listens attentively. 4) Student B describes photo while student A listens attentively. 5) Still without looking at each other’s photos, students attempt to identify 3 differences between their photos. Students may now look at each other’s photos and describe 2-3 differences each. Encourage use of CONNECTORS: Firstly, Secondly, Finally However, On the other hand , Whereas Furthermore, In addition, Moreover Instructions for PART 2 1) Students ask each other the discussion questions. Encourage students to: Extend their answers Elicit more information Agree / disagree with their partners Justify their arguments 2) Students try and report to their new partner everything they can remember which their old partner has just told them. Encourage students to use the questions to guide their memory. GAMIFICATION ALTERNATIVES PROVIDED WITH THE INSTRUCTIONS
Environment - ESL Conversation Activity
fingertips-resourcesfingertips-resources

Environment - ESL Conversation Activity

(0)
No prep pair-work speaking activity. Topic of conversation: ENVIRONMENT Part 1: Photo description & comparison Encourages use of linking terms, connectors and cohesive devices Vocabulary acquisition Part 2: Discussion questions Debates Agree / disagree Advantages / disadvantages Encourages fluency and confidence using English Can be used for a 1-1 speaking class or pair-work activity in a large class Instructions for PART 1: 1) Working with a partner with the same photo (student As with As, Bs with Bs), students attempt to identify the vocabulary in their photo. (alternatively, for low-level students, the teacher can provide students with a vocabulary list and the students label the photo). 2) Change pairs to AB. 3) Student A describes photo while student B listens attentively. 4) Student B describes photo while student A listens attentively. 5) Still without looking at each other’s photos, students attempt to identify 3 differences between their photos. Students may now look at each other’s photos and describe 2-3 differences each. Encourage use of CONNECTORS: Firstly, Secondly, Finally However, On the other hand , Whereas Furthermore, In addition, Moreover Instructions for PART 2 1) Students ask each other the discussion questions. Encourage students to: Extend their answers Elicit more information Agree / disagree with their partners Justify their arguments 2) Students try and report to their new partner everything they can remember which their old partner has just told them. Encourage students to use the questions to guide their memory. GAMIFICATION ALTERNATIVES PROVIDED WITH THE INSTRUCTIONS
Education - ESL Conversation Activity
fingertips-resourcesfingertips-resources

Education - ESL Conversation Activity

(0)
No prep pair-work speaking activity. Topic of conversation: EDUCATION Part 1: Photo description & comparison Encourages use of linking terms, connectors and cohesive devices Vocabulary acquisition Part 2: Discussion questions Debates Agree / disagree Advantages / disadvantages Encourages fluency and confidence using English Can be used for a 1-1 speaking class or pair-work activity in a large class Instructions for PART 1: 1) Working with a partner with the same photo (student As with As, Bs with Bs), students attempt to identify the vocabulary in their photo. (alternatively, for low-level students, the teacher can provide students with a vocabulary list and the students label the photo). 2) Change pairs to AB. 3) Student A describes photo while student B listens attentively. 4) Student B describes photo while student A listens attentively. 5) Still without looking at each other’s photos, students attempt to identify 3 differences between their photos. Students may now look at each other’s photos and describe 2-3 differences each. Encourage use of CONNECTORS: Firstly, Secondly, Finally However, On the other hand , Whereas Furthermore, In addition, Moreover Instructions for PART 2 1) Students ask each other the discussion questions. Encourage students to: Extend their answers Elicit more information Agree / disagree with their partners Justify their arguments 2) Students try and report to their new partner everything they can remember which their old partner has just told them. Encourage students to use the questions to guide their memory. GAMIFICATION ALTERNATIVES PROVIDED WITH THE INSTRUCTIONS
Crime - ESL Conversation Activity
fingertips-resourcesfingertips-resources

Crime - ESL Conversation Activity

(0)
No prep pair-work speaking activity. Topic of conversation: CRIME Part 1: Photo description & comparison Encourages use of linking terms, connectors and cohesive devices Vocabulary acquisition Part 2: Discussion questions Debates Agree / disagree Advantages / disadvantages Encourages fluency and confidence using English Can be used for a 1-1 speaking class or pair-work activity in a large class Instructions for PART 1: 1) Working with a partner with the same photo (student As with As, Bs with Bs), students attempt to identify the vocabulary in their photo. (alternatively, for low-level students, the teacher can provide students with a vocabulary list and the students label the photo). 2) Change pairs to AB. 3) Student A describes photo while student B listens attentively. 4) Student B describes photo while student A listens attentively. 5) Still without looking at each other’s photos, students attempt to identify 3 differences between their photos. Students may now look at each other’s photos and describe 2-3 differences each. Encourage use of CONNECTORS: Firstly, Secondly, Finally However, On the other hand , Whereas Furthermore, In addition, Moreover Instructions for PART 2 1) Students ask each other the discussion questions. Encourage students to: Extend their answers Elicit more information Agree / disagree with their partners Justify their arguments 2) Students try and report to their new partner everything they can remember which their old partner has just told them. Encourage students to use the questions to guide their memory. GAMIFICATION ALTERNATIVES PROVIDED WITH THE INSTRUCTIONS
Cities - ESL Conversation Activity
fingertips-resourcesfingertips-resources

Cities - ESL Conversation Activity

(0)
No prep pair-work speaking activity. Topic of conversation: CITIES Part 1: Photo description & comparison Encourages use of linking terms, connectors and cohesive devices Vocabulary acquisition Part 2: Discussion questions Debates Agree / disagree Advantages / disadvantages Encourages fluency and confidence using English Can be used for a 1-1 speaking class or pair-work activity in a large class Instructions for PART 1: 1) Working with a partner with the same photo (student As with As, Bs with Bs), students attempt to identify the vocabulary in their photo. (alternatively, for low-level students, the teacher can provide students with a vocabulary list and the students label the photo). 2) Change pairs to AB. 3) Student A describes photo while student B listens attentively. 4) Student B describes photo while student A listens attentively. 5) Still without looking at each other’s photos, students attempt to identify 3 differences between their photos. Students may now look at each other’s photos and describe 2-3 differences each. Encourage use of CONNECTORS: Firstly, Secondly, Finally However, On the other hand , Whereas Furthermore, In addition, Moreover Instructions for PART 2 1) Students ask each other the discussion questions. Encourage students to: Extend their answers Elicit more information Agree / disagree with their partners Justify their arguments 2) Students try and report to their new partner everything they can remember which their old partner has just told them. Encourage students to use the questions to guide their memory. GAMIFICATION ALTERNATIVES PROVIDED WITH THE INSTRUCTIONS
Countryside - ESL Conversation Activity
fingertips-resourcesfingertips-resources

Countryside - ESL Conversation Activity

(0)
No prep pair-work speaking activity. Topic of conversation: COUNTRYSIDE Part 1: Photo description & comparison Encourages use of linking terms, connectors and cohesive devices Vocabulary acquisition Part 2: Discussion questions Debates Agree / disagree Advantages / disadvantages Encourages fluency and confidence using English Can be used for a 1-1 speaking class or pair-work activity in a large class Instructions for PART 1: 1) Working with a partner with the same photo (student As with As, Bs with Bs), students attempt to identify the vocabulary in their photo. (alternatively, for low-level students, the teacher can provide students with a vocabulary list and the students label the photo). 2) Change pairs to AB. 3) Student A describes photo while student B listens attentively. 4) Student B describes photo while student A listens attentively. 5) Still without looking at each other’s photos, students attempt to identify 3 differences between their photos. Students may now look at each other’s photos and describe 2-3 differences each. Encourage use of CONNECTORS: Firstly, Secondly, Finally However, On the other hand , Whereas Furthermore, In addition, Moreover Instructions for PART 2 1) Students ask each other the discussion questions. Encourage students to: Extend their answers Elicit more information Agree / disagree with their partners Justify their arguments 2) Students try and report to their new partner everything they can remember which their old partner has just told them. Encourage students to use the questions to guide their memory. GAMIFICATION ALTERNATIVES PROVIDED WITH THE INSTRUCTIONS
Colour - ESL Conversation Activity
fingertips-resourcesfingertips-resources

Colour - ESL Conversation Activity

(0)
No prep pair-work speaking activity. Topic of conversation: COLOUR Part 1: Photo description & comparison Encourages use of linking terms, connectors and cohesive devices Vocabulary acquisition Part 2: Discussion questions Debates Agree / disagree Advantages / disadvantages Encourages fluency and confidence using English Can be used for a 1-1 speaking class or pair-work activity in a large class Instructions for PART 1: 1) Working with a partner with the same photo (student As with As, Bs with Bs), students attempt to identify the vocabulary in their photo. (alternatively, for low-level students, the teacher can provide students with a vocabulary list and the students label the photo). 2) Change pairs to AB. 3) Student A describes photo while student B listens attentively. 4) Student B describes photo while student A listens attentively. 5) Still without looking at each other’s photos, students attempt to identify 3 differences between their photos. Students may now look at each other’s photos and describe 2-3 differences each. Encourage use of CONNECTORS: Firstly, Secondly, Finally However, On the other hand , Whereas Furthermore, In addition, Moreover Instructions for PART 2 1) Students ask each other the discussion questions. Encourage students to: Extend their answers Elicit more information Agree / disagree with their partners Justify their arguments 2) Students try and report to their new partner everything they can remember which their old partner has just told them. Encourage students to use the questions to guide their memory. GAMIFICATION ALTERNATIVES PROVIDED WITH THE INSTRUCTIONS
Childhood  - ESL Conversation Activity
fingertips-resourcesfingertips-resources

Childhood - ESL Conversation Activity

(0)
No prep pair-work speaking activity. Topic of conversation: CHILDHOOD Part 1: Photo description & comparison Encourages use of linking terms, connectors and cohesive devices Vocabulary acquisition Part 2: Discussion questions Debates Agree / disagree Advantages / disadvantages Encourages fluency and confidence using English Can be used for a 1-1 speaking class or pair-work activity in a large class Instructions for PART 1: 1) Working with a partner with the same photo (student As with As, Bs with Bs), students attempt to identify the vocabulary in their photo. (alternatively, for low-level students, the teacher can provide students with a vocabulary list and the students label the photo). 2) Change pairs to AB. 3) Student A describes photo while student B listens attentively. 4) Student B describes photo while student A listens attentively. 5) Still without looking at each other’s photos, students attempt to identify 3 differences between their photos. Students may now look at each other’s photos and describe 2-3 differences each. Encourage use of CONNECTORS: Firstly, Secondly, Finally However, On the other hand , Whereas Furthermore, In addition, Moreover Instructions for PART 2 1) Students ask each other the discussion questions. Encourage students to: Extend their answers Elicit more information Agree / disagree with their partners Justify their arguments 2) Students try and report to their new partner everything they can remember which their old partner has just told them. Encourage students to use the questions to guide their memory. GAMIFICATION ALTERNATIVES PROVIDED WITH THE INSTRUCTIONS
Business - ESL Conversation Activity
fingertips-resourcesfingertips-resources

Business - ESL Conversation Activity

(0)
No prep pair-work speaking activity. Topic of conversation: BUSINESS Part 1: Photo description & comparison Encourages use of linking terms, connectors and cohesive devices Vocabulary acquisition Part 2: Discussion questions Debates Agree / disagree Advantages / disadvantages Encourages fluency and confidence using English Can be used for a 1-1 speaking class or pair-work activity in a large class Instructions for PART 1: 1) Working with a partner with the same photo (student As with As, Bs with Bs), students attempt to identify the vocabulary in their photo. (alternatively, for low-level students, the teacher can provide students with a vocabulary list and the students label the photo). 2) Change pairs to AB. 3) Student A describes photo while student B listens attentively. 4) Student B describes photo while student A listens attentively. 5) Still without looking at each other’s photos, students attempt to identify 3 differences between their photos. Students may now look at each other’s photos and describe 2-3 differences each. Encourage use of CONNECTORS: Firstly, Secondly, Finally However, On the other hand , Whereas Furthermore, In addition, Moreover Instructions for PART 2 1) Students ask each other the discussion questions. Encourage students to: Extend their answers Elicit more information Agree / disagree with their partners Justify their arguments 2) Students try and report to their new partner everything they can remember which their old partner has just told them. Encourage students to use the questions to guide their memory. GAMIFICATION ALTERNATIVES PROVIDED WITH THE INSTRUCTIONS
Buildings - ESL Conversation Activity
fingertips-resourcesfingertips-resources

Buildings - ESL Conversation Activity

(0)
No prep pair-work speaking activity. Topic of conversation: BUILDINGS Part 1: Photo description & comparison Encourages use of linking terms, connectors and cohesive devices Vocabulary acquisition Part 2: Discussion questions Debates Agree / disagree Advantages / disadvantages Encourages fluency and confidence using English Can be used for a 1-1 speaking class or pair-work activity in a large class Instructions for PART 1: 1) Working with a partner with the same photo (student As with As, Bs with Bs), students attempt to identify the vocabulary in their photo. (alternatively, for low-level students, the teacher can provide students with a vocabulary list and the students label the photo). 2) Change pairs to AB. 3) Student A describes photo while student B listens attentively. 4) Student B describes photo while student A listens attentively. 5) Still without looking at each other’s photos, students attempt to identify 3 differences between their photos. Students may now look at each other’s photos and describe 2-3 differences each. Encourage use of CONNECTORS: Firstly, Secondly, Finally However, On the other hand , Whereas Furthermore, In addition, Moreover Instructions for PART 2 1) Students ask each other the discussion questions. Encourage students to: Extend their answers Elicit more information Agree / disagree with their partners Justify their arguments 2) Students try and report to their new partner everything they can remember which their old partner has just told them. Encourage students to use the questions to guide their memory. GAMIFICATION ALTERNATIVES PROVIDED WITH THE INSTRUCTIONS
Art - ESL Conversation Activity
fingertips-resourcesfingertips-resources

Art - ESL Conversation Activity

(0)
No prep pair-work speaking activity. Topic of conversation: ART Part 1: Photo description & comparison Encourages use of linking terms, connectors and cohesive devices Vocabulary acquisition Part 2: Discussion questions Debates Agree / disagree Advantages / disadvantages Encourages fluency and confidence using English Can be used for a 1-1 speaking class or pair-work activity in a large class Instructions for PART 1: 1) Working with a partner with the same photo (student As with As, Bs with Bs), students attempt to identify the vocabulary in their photo. (alternatively, for low-level students, the teacher can provide students with a vocabulary list and the students label the photo). 2) Change pairs to AB. 3) Student A describes photo while student B listens attentively. 4) Student B describes photo while student A listens attentively. 5) Still without looking at each other’s photos, students attempt to identify 3 differences between their photos. Students may now look at each other’s photos and describe 2-3 differences each. Encourage use of CONNECTORS: Firstly, Secondly, Finally However, On the other hand , Whereas Furthermore, In addition, Moreover Instructions for PART 2 1) Students ask each other the discussion questions. Encourage students to: Extend their answers Elicit more information Agree / disagree with their partners Justify their arguments 2) Students try and report to their new partner everything they can remember which their old partner has just told them. Encourage students to use the questions to guide their memory. GAMIFICATION ALTERNATIVES PROVIDED WITH THE INSTRUCTIONS
Animals - ESL Conversation Activity
fingertips-resourcesfingertips-resources

Animals - ESL Conversation Activity

(0)
No prep pair-work speaking activity. Topic of conversation: ANIMALS Part 1: Photo description & comparison Encourages use of linking terms, connectors and cohesive devices Vocabulary acquisition Part 2: Discussion questions Debates Agree / disagree Advantages / disadvantages Encourages fluency and confidence using English Can be used for a 1-1 speaking class or pair-work activity in a large class Instructions for PART 1: 1) Working with a partner with the same photo (student As with As, Bs with Bs), students attempt to identify the vocabulary in their photo. (alternatively, for low-level students, the teacher can provide students with a vocabulary list and the students label the photo). 2) Change pairs to AB. 3) Student A describes photo while student B listens attentively. 4) Student B describes photo while student A listens attentively. 5) Still without looking at each other’s photos, students attempt to identify 3 differences between their photos. Students may now look at each other’s photos and describe 2-3 differences each. Encourage use of CONNECTORS: Firstly, Secondly, Finally However, On the other hand , Whereas Furthermore, In addition, Moreover Instructions for PART 2 1) Students ask each other the discussion questions. Encourage students to: Extend their answers Elicit more information Agree / disagree with their partners Justify their arguments 2) Students try and report to their new partner everything they can remember which their old partner has just told them. Encourage students to use the questions to guide their memory. GAMIFICATION ALTERNATIVES PROVIDED WITH THE INSTRUCTIONS
Advertising - ESL Conversation Activity
fingertips-resourcesfingertips-resources

Advertising - ESL Conversation Activity

(0)
No prep pair-work speaking activity. Topic of conversation: ADVERTISING Part 1: Photo description & comparison Encourages use of linking terms, connectors and cohesive devices Vocabulary acquisition Part 2: Discussion questions Debates Agree / disagree Advantages / disadvantages Encourages fluency and confidence using English Can be used for a 1-1 speaking class or pair-work activity in a large class Instructions for PART 1: 1) Working with a partner with the same photo (student As with As, Bs with Bs), students attempt to identify the vocabulary in their photo. (alternatively, for low-level students, the teacher can provide students with a vocabulary list and the students label the photo). 2) Change pairs to AB. 3) Student A describes photo while student B listens attentively. 4) Student B describes photo while student A listens attentively. 5) Still without looking at each other’s photos, students attempt to identify 3 differences between their photos. Students may now look at each other’s photos and describe 2-3 differences each. Encourage use of CONNECTORS: Firstly, Secondly, Finally However, On the other hand , Whereas Furthermore, In addition, Moreover Instructions for PART 2 1) Students ask each other the discussion questions. Encourage students to: Extend their answers Elicit more information Agree / disagree with their partners Justify their arguments 2) Students try and report to their new partner everything they can remember which their old partner has just told them. Encourage students to use the questions to guide their memory. GAMIFICATION ALTERNATIVES PROVIDED WITH THE INSTRUCTIONS