This lesson describes the pathway by which the translation of mRNA into proteins can be prevented by siRNA and miRNA molecules. The engaging and detailed PowerPoint and accompanying resources are part of the final lesson in a series of 4 lessons that cover the detail of point 8.2.2 of the AQA A-level biology specification.
The lesson begins with an exisiting knowledge check, as the students are challenged to recognise the processes of DNA methylation and histone acetylation, before RNA interference is introduced as another way by which gene expression is controlled in eukaryotes. Moving forwards, a quick quiz round introduces small interfering RNA (siRNA) and students will learn how this double-stranded, non-coding RNA is normally just 21 base pairs long. A step by step guide then describes the action of siRNA in preventing translation, through the cutting of the target mRNA into fragments which are then degraded. Time is taken to consider the possible application of siRNA molecules in the treatment of HIV and then cystic fibrosis, and the latter involves a series of exam-style questions which challenge the students on their understanding of this topic as well as the recall of content from the other 7 AQA topics.
The remainder of the lesson focuses on microRNA (miRNA) and students will understand how this molecule is produced and how its action differs to that of siRNA in mammalian cells.
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Topic 8.2: Gene expression is controlled by a number of features (AQA A-level biology)
This bundle contains 5 detailed and engaging lessons, which have been planned to contain a variety of tasks that enable students to assess their understanding of the current topic and encourages them to make links to previously covered topics. The lessons cover the following content from topic 8.2 of the AQA A-level biology specification: * Totipotent, pluripotent, multipotent and unipotent cells * iPS cells * The stimulation or inhibition of the transcription of target genes * Epigenetic control of gene expression by increased DNA methylation and decreased acetylation of histones * The inhibition of translation of target mRNA by RNA interference * The main characteristics of benign and malignant tumours If you would like to view the quality of these lessons, then download the DNA methylation and acetylation lesson as this has been uploaded for free.
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Topic 8: The control of gene expression (AQA A-level Biology)
Each of the 12 lessons included in this bundle have been written to specifically cover the content as detailed in topic 8 of the AQA A-level Biology specification (The control of gene expression). The wide range of activities will maintain engagement whilst supporting the explanations of the biological knowledge to allow the students to build a deep understanding of this potentially difficult topic! Lessons which cover the following specification points are included in this bundle: * Gene mutations and their effect on the structure of proteins * Most of a cell's DNA is not translated * Totipotent, pluripotent, multipotent and unipotent stem cells * Regulation of transcription by transcription factors * The role of oestrogen in initiating transcription * Epigenetic control of gene expression in eukaryotes * Inhibition of transcription by increased DNA methylation or decreased acetylation of histones * Translation of mRNA can be inhibited by RNA interference * The main characteristics of benign and malignant tumours * Determining the genome of simpler organisms to determine the proteome and its applications * The development of DNA sequencing methods * The production of DNA fragments through use of enzymes or a gene machine * The role of the PCR to amplify DNA fragments * The transfer of DNA into a host cell * The use of labelled DNA probes to screen patients for heritable conditions, drug responses and to identify health risks * VNTRs * The technique of genetic fingerprinting to analyse DNA fragments If you would like to see the quality of the lessons, download the producing DNA fragments and DNA methylation and acetylation lessons as these have been uploaded for free
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