This lesson describes how urea is produced in the liver from the deamination of excess amino acids. The engaging PowerPoint and accompanying resource have been designed to cover the content of point (3) of topic 14.1 of the CIE A-level biology specification (for assessment in 2025 - 27)
The lesson begins by reminding students that excretion is one of the 7 characteristics of living organisms, as introduced within MRS GREN when they were younger. An A-level worthy definition of excretion is then introduced, and time is taken to ensure that students recognise that substances must be products of metabolism to be deemed to be excreted.
Moving forwards, the role of the liver and then the kidneys in the excretion of urea are described. There is a focus on terminology, specifically prefixes and suffixes, to allow students to understand the meaning of deamination which occurs in the liver. The students will learn that ammonia and a keto acid are formed, and the former needs to be immediately converted to urea because of its solubility and toxicity.
The final part of the lesson introduces the kidney as the destination for the urea after the liver and explains how this small molecule will be filtered and form the main component of urine.
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Topic 14.1: Homeostasis in mammals (CIE International A-level Biology)
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