This fully-resourced lesson describes the relationship between the structure of monosaccharides and their roles in living organisms. The detailed and engaging PowerPoint and accompanying resources have been designed to cover the second part of points 1.12 & 1.13 of the Pearson Edexcel A-level Biology A specification and looks at alpha-glucose, galactose, fructose, deoxyribose and ribose.
The lesson begins with a made-up round of the quiz show POINTLESS, where students have to try to identify four answers to do with carbohydrates. In doing so, they will learn or recall that these molecules are made from carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, that they are a source of energy which can sometimes be rightly or wrongly associated with obesity and that the names of the three main groups is derived from the Greek word sakkharon. Using the molecular formula of glucose as a guide, students will be given the general formula for the monosaccharides and will learn that deoxyribose is an exception to the rule that the number of carbon and oxygen atoms are equal. Moving forwards, students have to study the displayed formula of glucose for two minutes without being able to note anything down before they are challenged to recreate what they saw in a test of their observational skills. At this point of the lesson, the idea of numbering the carbons is introduced so that the different glycosidic bonds can be understood in an upcoming lesson as well as the recognition of the different isomers of glucose. The difference between alpha and beta-glucose is provided but students do not need to consider the beta form until topic 4. The remainder of the lesson focuses on the roles of the monosaccharides and the final task involves a series of application questions where the students are challenged to suggest why ribose could be considered important for active transport and muscle contraction
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Topic 1: Lifestyle, health and risk (Edexcel A-level Biology A)
As the 1st topic on the Pearson Edexcel A-level Biology A (Salters Nuffield) course, the Lifestyle, health and risk topic is extremely important to introduce the students to the detail needed for success in this subject. Extensive planning has gone into all 10 lessons included in this bundle to motivate and engage the students whilst covering the following specification points: * The importance of water * The structure and function of blood vessels * The cardiac cycle and the relationship between the structure and operation of the heart to its function * The course of events that lead to atherosclerosis * The blood clotting process * The differences between monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides * The structure and role of the monosaccharides * Understand how monosaccharides join to form disaccharides and polysaccharides through condensation reactions and are split through hydrolysis reactions * The relationship between the structure and roles of the polysaccharides * The synthesis of a triglyceride by the formation of ester bonds between glycerol and fatty acids * The difference between saturated and unsaturated lipids The PowerPoints and accompanying resources contain a wide variety of tasks which include exam-style questions with mark schemes, guided discussion points and quick quiz competitions.
Biological molecules (Edexcel SNAB)
This lesson bundle contains 10 lessons which have been designed to cover the Pearson Edexcel A-level Biology A (Salters Nuffield) specification points which focus on the structure and function of the biological molecules, including water, carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. The lesson PowerPoints are highly detailed, and along with their accompanying worksheets, they have been planned at length to contain a wide range of engaging tasks which cover the following A-level Biology content that's found in topics 1, 2 and 4 of the course: 1.2: Understand the importance of water as a solvent in transport, including its dipole nature 1.12 (i): Know the difference between monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides, including glycogen and starch (amylose and amylopectin) 1.12 (ii): Be able to relate the structures of monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides to their roles in providing and storing energy 1.13: Know how monosaccharides join to form disaccharides (sucrose, lactose and maltose) and polysaccharides (glycogen and amylose) through condensation reactions forming glycosidic bonds, and how these can be split through hydrolysis reactions 1.14 (i): Know how a triglyceride is synthesised by the formation of ester bonds during condensation reactions between glycerol and three fatty acids. 1.14 (ii): Know the differences between saturated and unsaturated lipids 2.9 (i): Know the basic structure of an amino acid 2.9 (ii): Understand the formation of polypeptides and proteins (amino acid monomers linked by peptide bonds in condensation reactions) 2.9 (iii): Understand the significance of a protein’s primary structure in determining its three-dimensional structure and properties (globular and fibrous proteins and the types of bonds involved in its three-dimensional structure) 2.10 (iv): Know the molecular structure of a globular protein and a fibrous protein and understand how their structures relate to their functions (including haemoglobin and collagen) 4.9: Understand the structure and function of the polysaccharides starch and cellulose, including the role of hydrogen bonds between β-glucose molecules in the formation of cellulose microfibrils
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