Health and disease lesson created in accordance to the NEW AQA Specification (9-1) for my combined/additional science class (Year 9-KS4). Includes: slide animations, embedded video, worksheets and practice questions with answers. This resource is suitable for separate science students. AQA spec link: 4.3.1.1 Relevant chapter: B5-Communicable diseases . AQA Biology third edition textbook-Page 76-77. *The new specification requires students to know the following; Students should be able to explain how diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, protists, and fungi are spread in animals and plants. Pathogens are microorganisms that cause infectious disease. Pathogens may be viruses, bacteria, protists, or fungi. They may infect animals and can be spread by direct contact, by water, or by air. Bacteria and viruses may reproduce rapidly inside the body. Bacteria may produce poisons (toxins) that damage tissues and make us feel ill. Viruses live and reproduce inside cells, causing cell damage.

Variation lesson created in accordance to the NEW AQA Specification (9-1). Designed for higher ability class, although content can be adjusted to suit any ability. Includes: embedded videos and timers, slide animations, practice questions with answers on slides and an interactive quiz. AQA spec link: 4.6.2.1 Relevant chapter: B14 Variation and evolution. AQA Biology third edition textbook-Page 218-219. Students are required to know the following; Students should be able to describe simply how the genome and its interaction with the environment influence the development of the phenotype of an organism. Differences in the characteristics of individuals in a population is called variation and may be due to differences in: • the genes they have inherited (genetic causes) • the conditions in which they have developed (environmental causes) • a combination of genes and the environment. NB: Mutations reference will be taught in the subsequent lesson.

Distribution and abundance lesson created in accordance to the NEW AQA Specification (9-1). Designed for a higher ability class, although content can be adjusted to suit any ability. Includes powerpoint timers, slide animations, embedded video’s and mini review. NB: If you are unable to play embedded videos please view slide notes for link. AQA spec link: 4.7.2.1 Relevant chapter: B15 Adaptations, interdependence and competitions. AQA Biology combined edition textbook-Page 210-211 Students are required to know the following; A range of experimental methods using transects and quadrats are used by ecologists to determine the distribution and abundance of species in an ecosystem. In relation to abundance of organisms students should be able to: • understand the terms mean, mode and median •calculate arithmetic means

Diet, exercise and disease lesson created in accordance to the NEW AQA Specification (9-1). Designed for a higher ability class, although content can be adjusted to suit any ability. Includes powerpoint timers, slide animations, embedded video's, worksheet and mini review. NB: If you are unable to play embedded videos please view slide notes for link. AQA spec link: 4.2.2.6 Relevant chapter: B7 Non-communicable diseases. AQA Biology combined textbook-Page 104-105 Students are required to know the following; • discuss the human and financial cost of these non-communicable diseases to an individual, a local community, a nation, or globally • explain the effect of lifestyle factors including diet, alcohol, and smoking on the incidence of non-communicable diseases at local, national, and global levels. Risk factors are linked to an increased rate of a disease. They can be: • aspects of a person’s lifestyle • substances in the person’s body or environment. A causal mechanism has been proven for some risk factors, but not in others. • The effects of diet and exercise on cardiovascular disease. • Obesity as a risk factor for Type 2 diabetes. Many diseases are caused by the interaction of a number of factors. Students should be able to understand the principles of sampling as applied to scientific data in terms of risk factors. Students should be able to translate information between graphical and numerical forms; and extract and interpret information from charts, graphs and tables in terms of risk factors. Students should be able to use a scatter diagram to identify a correlation between two variables in terms of risk factors.

Cancer lesson created in accordance to the NEW AQA Specification (9-1). Designed for a higher ability class, although content can be adjusted to suit any ability. Includes powerpoint timers, slide animations, video, worksheet and mini review. AQA spec link: 4.2.2.7 Relevant chapter: B7 Non-communicable diseases. AQA Biology combined textbook-Page 102-103 Specification requires students to know the following; Students should be able to describe cancer as the result of changes in cells that lead to uncontrolled growth and division. Benign tumours are growths of abnormal cells which are contained in one area, usually within a membrane. They do not invade other parts of the body. Malignant tumour cells are cancers. They invade neighbouring tissues and spread to different parts of the body in the blood where they form secondary tumours. Scientists have identified lifestyle risk factors for various types of cancer. There are also genetic risk factors for some cancers.

Gene expression and mutation lesson created in accordance to the NEW AQA Specification (9-1). NB: BIOLOGY ONLY-HT. Designed for higher ability class, although content can be adjusted to suit any ability. Includes: embedded videos and timers, slide animations, practice questions with answers on slides. AQA spec link: 6.1.5 Relevant chapter: B13 Genetics and reproduction. AQA Biology third edition textbook-Page 206-207. Specification requires students to know the following; (HT only) Mutations occur continuously. Most do not alter the protein, or only alter it slightly so that its appearance or function is not changed. (HT only) A few mutations code for an altered protein with a different shape. An enzyme may no longer fit the substrate binding site or a structural protein may lose its strength. (HT only) Not all parts of DNA code for proteins. Non-coding parts of DNA can switch genes on and off, so variations in these areas of DNA may affect how genes are expressed.

How plants use glucose lesson created in accordance to the NEW AQA Specification (9-1). Designed for a higher ability class, although content can be adjusted to suit any ability. Includes powerpoint timers, slide animations, embedded video’s, practice questions, peer assessment worksheet and mini review. *Top paper friendly tip: the information in the ‘How to use glucose’ worksheet can also be found in the textbook therefore isn’t required to be printed.* NB: If you are unable to play embedded videos please view slide notes for link. AQA spec link: 4.4.1.3 Relevant chapter: B8 Photosynthesis. AQA Biology third edition textbook-Page 128-129 Students are required to know the following; The glucose produced in photosynthesis may be: •• used for respiration •• converted into insoluble starch for storage •• used to produce fat or oil for storage •• used to produce cellulose, which strengthens the cell wall •• used to produce amino acids for protein synthesis. To produce proteins, plants also use nitrate ions that are absorbed from the soil. AT 8-Tests to identify starch, glucose and proteins using simple qualitative reagents

Diffusion lesson created in accordance to the NEW AQA Specification (9-1). Designed for a higher ability separates class, although content can be adjusted to suit any ability. Includes: slide animations, embedded videos and practice questions with answers on slides, worksheet. Due to the size of this topic, exchanging materials and surface area will be taught in a separate lesson. AQA spec link: 4.1.3.1 Relevant chapter: B1 Cell structure and transport. AQA Biology third edition textbook-Page 14-15 Specification requires students to know the following; Substances may move into and out of cells across the cell membranes via diffusion. Diffusion is the spreading out of the particles of any substance in solution, or particles of a gas, resulting in a net movement from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Some of the substances transported in and out of cells by diffusion are oxygen and carbon dioxide in gas exchange, and of the waste product urea from cells into the blood plasma for excretion in the kidney. Students should be able to explain how different factors affect the rate of diffusion. Factors which affect the rate of diffusion are: •• the difference in concentrations (concentration gradient) •• the temperature •• the surface area of the membrane.

This lesson has been improved, it contains two lessons worth of content and now includes an optional practical activity Photosynthesis lesson created in accordance to the NEW AQA Specification (9-1). Designed for a higher ability class, although content can be adjusted to suit any ability. Includes powerpoint timers, slide animations, embedded video’s, optional practical and mini review. NB: If you are unable to play embedded videos please view slide notes for link. AQA spec link: 4.4.1.1 Relevant chapter: B8 Photosynthesis. AQA Biology third edition textbook-Page 124-125 Students are required to know the following; Photosynthesis is represented by the equation: carbon dioxide + water (light) glucose + oxygen Students should recognise the chemical symbols: CO2, H2O, O2 and C6H12O6. Students should be able to describe photosynthesis as an endothermic reaction in which energy is transferred from the environment to the chloroplasts by light.

Stem cells (introduction) lesson created in accordance to the NEW AQA Specification (9-1). Designed for a higher ability separates class, although content can be adjusted to suit any ability. Includes: slide animations, embedded video, practice questions with answers on slides. AQA spec link: 4.1.2.3 Relevant chapter: B2 Cell division. AQA Biology third edition textbook-Page 30-31 Specification requires students to know the following; A stem cell is an undifferentiated cell of an organism which is capable of giving rise to many more cells of the same type, and from which certain other cells can arise from differentiation. Students should be able to describe the function of stem cells in embryos, in adult animals and in the meristems in plants. Stem cells from human embryos can be cloned and made to differentiate into most different types of human cells. Stem cells from adult bone marrow can form many types of cells including blood cells. Meristem tissue in plants can differentiate into any type of plant cell, throughout the life of the plant. Knowledge and understanding of stem cell techniques are not required. Treatment with stem cells may be able to help conditions such as diabetes and paralysis

Active transport lesson created in accordance to the NEW AQA Specification (9-1). Designed for a higher ability separates class, although content can be adjusted to suit any ability. Includes: slide animations, practice questions with answers on slides, worksheet. AQA spec link: 4.1.3.3 Relevant chapter: B1 Cell structure and transport. AQA Biology third edition textbook-Page 20-21 Specification requires students to know the following; Active transport moves substances from a more dilute solution to a more concentrated solution (against a concentration gradient). This requires energy from respiration. Active transport allows mineral ions to be absorbed into plant root hairs from very dilute solutions in the soil. Plants require ions for healthy growth. It also allows sugar molecules to be absorbed from lower concentrations in the gut into the blood which has a higher sugar concentration. Sugar molecules are used for cell respiration. Students should be able to: •• describe how substances are transported into and out of cells by diffusion, osmosis and active transport •• explain the differences between the three processes.

Adapt and survive lesson created in accordance to the NEW AQA Specification (9-1). Designed for a higher ability class, although content can be adjusted to suit any ability. Includes powerpoint timers, slide animations, embedded video’s and mini review. NB: If you are unable to play embedded videos please view slide notes for link. AQA spec link: 4.7.1.4 Students should be able to explain how organisms are adapted to live in their natural environment, given appropriate information. Organisms have features (adaptations) that enable them to survive in the conditions in which they normally live. These adaptations may be structural, behavioural, or functional. Some organisms live in environments that are very extreme, such as at high temperature, pressure, or salt concentration. These organisms are called extremophiles. Bacteria living in deep sea vents are extremophiles.

Evolution and speciation lesson created in accordance to the NEW AQA Specification (9-1). Designed for a separates class. Includes: embedded videos and timers, slide animations, practice questions with answers on slides, worksheet and an interactive quiz. NB: If you are unable to play videos a URL link can be found in the slide notes. AQA spec link: 4.6.3.2 Relevant chapter: B15 Genetics and evolution. AQA Biology trilogy edition textbook-Page 240-241 Students are required to know the following; Students should be able to: • describe the work of Darwin and Wallace in the development of the theory of evolution by natural selection • explain the impact of these ideas on biology. Alfred Russel Wallace independently proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection. He published joint writings with Darwin in 1858 which prompted Darwin to publish On the Origin of Species (1859) the following year. Wallace worked worldwide gathering evidence for evolutionary theory. He is best known for his work on warning colouration in animals and his theory of speciation. Alfred Wallace did much pioneering work on speciation but more evidence over time has led to our current understanding of the theory of speciation. Students should be able to describe the steps which give rise to new species. WS 1.1 The theory of speciation has developed over time

This resource has been uploaded for free to celebrate the two year anniversary of paperfriendlyresources. Thank you for your continuous support and positive feedback! Land and water pollution lesson created in accordance to the NEW AQA Specification (9-1). Designed for a higher ability trilogy class, although content can be adjusted to suit any ability. Students are expected to demonstrate their graph skills this lesson as well as interpret data. This lesson Includes powerpoint timers, slide animations, homeworks with mark scheme and embedded video’s and mini review. ***Paper friendly tips: Print two homework sheets to one page to save paper. It is not necessary to print slide 7, unless required. NB: If you are unable to play embedded videos please view slide notes for link. * AQA spec link: 4.7.3.2 Relevant chapter: B17 Biodiversity and ecosystems. AQA Biology combined science Trilogy textbook-Page 234-235 Students are required to know the following; Pollution can occur: • in water, from sewage, fertiliser, or toxic chemicals • on land, from landfill and from toxic chemicals such as pesticides and herbicides, which may be washed from land into water. Pollution kills plants and animals which can reduce biodiversity.

Evidence for evolution lesson created in accordance to the NEW AQA Specification (9-1). Designed for higher ability class, although content can be adjusted to suit any ability. Includes: embedded videos and timers, slide animations, practice questions with answers on slides, worksheet and an interactive quiz. NB: If you are unable to play videos a URL link can be found in the slide notes. AQA spec link: 4.6.3.4 Relevant chapter: B15 Genetics and evolution. AQA Biology third edition textbook-Page 242-243 Students are required to know the following; Students should be able to describe the evidence for evolution including fossils and antibiotic resistance in bacteria. The theory of evolution by natural selection is now widely accepted. Evidence for Darwin’s theory is now available as it has been shown that characteristics are passed on to offspring in genes. There is further evidence in the fossil record and the knowledge of how resistance to antibiotics evolves in bacteria.

Updated 13/7/20-This resource has been updated since the last review and now includes more questions as well as a separate MS I’ve uploaded a set of past paper questions for the Hormones and menstrual cycle topic (B11.6). I’ve also included the mark scheme, which has been edited so. Setting time for past paper questions every few lessons are an excellent AFL technique, can be used as a review task that students can self/peer assess. This is a complimentary resource, if you wish to purchase i have also designed a lesson for this topic simply search ’ AQA new specification-Hormones and the menstrual cycle-B11.6’

NB: This resource has been modified since the last reviews* Screening for genetic disorders lesson created in accordance to the NEW AQA Specification (9-1). Designed for a higher ability TRILOGY(combined science) class, although content can be adjusted to suit any ability. Includes: slide animations, embedded videos and practice questions with answers on slides as well as a quiz and worksheet. This video contains many videos and is a great lesson to spark a debate. I'd appreciate a review after your lesson :) AQA spec link: 6.1.7 Relevant chapter: B13 Genetics and reproduction. AQA trilogy textbook-Page 174-175.