Companion PDF worksheet for Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry Lecture 38 - Condensation Polymers. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Specification Point 4.48C - Know that condensation polymerisation, in which a dicarboxylic acid reacts with a diol, produces a polyester and water. Specification Point 4.49C - Understand how to write the structural and displayed formula of a polyester, showing the repeat unit, given the formulae of the monomers from which it is formed including the reaction of ethanedioic acid and ethanediol. Specification Point 4.50C - Know that some polyesters, known as biopolyesters, are biodegradable. Complete set of Chapter 7 Worksheets are available.

Powerpoint lecture and associated PDF worksheet covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 2.7 - Explain why a series or parallel circuit is more appropriate for particular applications, including domestic lighting. Specification Point 2.8 - Understand how the current in a series circuit depends on the applied voltage and the number and nature of other components. Specification Point 2.9 - Describe how current varies with voltage in wires, resistors, metal filament lamps and diodes, and how to investigate this experimentally. Specification Point 2.10 - Describe the qualitative effect of changing resistance on the current in a circuit. Specification Point 2.11 - Describe the qualitative variation of resistance of light-dependent resistors (LDRs) with illumination and thermistors with temperature. Specification Point 2.12 - Know that lamps and LEDs can be used to indicate the presence of a current in a circuit. Specification Point 2.13 - Know and use the relationship between voltage, current and resistance. Complete set of Chapter 2 Lessons are available.

Powerpoint lecture and associated PDF worksheet covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 4.1 - Use a variety of energy units. Specification Point 4.2 - Describe energy transfers involving energy stores. Specification Point 4.3 - Use the principle of conservation of energy. Specification Point 4.4 - Know and use the relationship between efficiency, useful energy output and total energy output. Specification Point 4.5 - Describe a variety of everyday and scientific devices and situations, explaining the transfer of the input energy in terms of the above relationship, including their representation by Sankey diagrams. Complete set of Chapter 4 Lessons are available.

Companion PDF worksheet for Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry Lecture 6 - Paper Chromatography. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Specification Point 1.11 - Understand how a chromatogram provides information about the composition of a mixture. Specification Point 1.12 - Understand how to use the calculation of Rf values to identify the components of a mixture. Specification Point 1.13 - Practical: understand how a chromatogram provides information about the composition of a mixture. Complete set of Chapter 1 Worksheets are available.

Companion PDF worksheet for Edexcel IGCSE Biology Lecture 44 - Genetic Diagrams. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Specification Point 3.22 - Understand that most phenotypic features are the result of polygenic inheritance rather than single genes. Specification Point 3.23 - Describe patterns of monohybrid inheritance using a genetic diagram. Specification Point 3.24 - Understand how to interpret family pedigrees. Specification Point 3.25 - Predict probabilities of outcomes from monohybrid crosses. Specification Point 3.26 - Understand how the sex of a person is controlled by one pair of chromosomes, XX in a female and XY in a male. Specification Point 3.27 - Describe the determination of the sex of offspring at fertilisation, using a genetic diagram. Complete set of Chapter 5 Worksheets are available.

Powerpoint lecture and associated PDF worksheet covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 3.1 - Know that chemical reactions in which heat energy is given out are described as exothermic, and those in which heat energy is taken in are described as endothermic. Specification Point 3.2 - Describe simple calorimetry experiments for reactions such as combustion, displacement, dissolving and neutralisation. Specification Point 3.3 - Calculate the heat energy change from a measured temperature change using the expression Q = mcΔT. Specification Point 3.4 - Calculate the molar enthalpy change (ΔH) from the heat energy change, Q. Specification Point 3.8 - Practical: investigate temperature changes accompanying some of the following types of change: salts dissolving in water, neutralisation reactions, displacement reactions and combustion reactions. Complete set of Chapter 6 Lessons are available.

Powerpoint lecture and associated PDF worksheet covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 1.22 - Practical: investigate how extension varies with applied force for helical springs, metal wires and rubber bands. Specification Point 1.23 - Know that the initial linear region of a force-extension graph is associated with Hooke’s law. Specification Point 1.24 - Describe elastic behaviour as the ability of a material to recover its original shape after the forces causing deformation have been removed. Complete set of Chapter 1 Lessons are available.

Powerpoint lecture and associated PDF worksheet covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 3.1 - Use the following units: degree (°), hertz (Hz), metre (m), metre/second (m/s) and second (s). Specification Point 3.2 - Explain the difference between longitudinal and transverse waves. Specification Point 3.3 - Know the definitions of amplitude, wavefront, frequency, wavelength and period of a waves. Specification Point 3.4 - Know that waves transfer energy and information without transferring matter. Specification Point 3.5 - Know and use the relationship between the speed, frequency and wavelength of a wave. Specification Point 3.6 - Use the relationship between frequency and time period. Complete set of Chapter 3 Lessons are available.

Companion PDF worksheet for Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry Lecture 22 - Titrations. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Specification Point 2.33C - Describe how to carry out an acid-alkali titration. Complete set of Chapter 5 Worksheets are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 4.3.2.1 - Producing monoclonal antibodies. Specification Point 4.3.2.2 - Uses of monoclonal antibodies. Complete set of Chapter 3 Lectures are available.

Companion PDF worksheet for Edexcel IGCSE Biology Lecture 17 - Respiration. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Specification Points 2.34 and 2.35 - Understand how the process of respiration produces ATP in living organisms. Know that ATP provides energy for cells. Specification Points 2.36 and 2.37 - Describe the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration. Know the word equation and the balanced chemical symbol equation for aerobic respiration in living organisms. Specification Point 2.38 - Know the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and in animals. Specification Point 2.39 - Practical: investigate the evolution of carbon dioxide and heat from respiring seeds or other suitable living organisms. Complete set of Chapter 2 Worksheets are available.

Companion PDF worksheet for Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry Lecture 31 - Organic Compounds. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Specification Point 4.1 - Know that a hydrocarbon is a compound of hydrogen and carbon only. Specification Point 4.2 - Understand how to represent organic molecules using empirical formulae, molecular formulae, general formulae, structural formulae and displayed formulae. Specification Point 4.3 - Know what is meant by the terms homologous series, functional group and isomerism. Specification Point 4.4 - Understand how to name compounds relevant to this specification using the rules of IUPAC nomenclature. Specification Point 4.5 - Understand how to write the possible structural and displayed formulae of an organic molecule given its molecular formula. Specification Point 4.6 - Understand how to classify reactions of organic compounds as substitution, addition and combustion. Complete set of Chapter 7 Worksheets are available.

Powerpoint lecture and associated PDF worksheet covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 1.1 - Understand how to use some common units in physics. Specification Point 1.3 - Plot and explain distance−time graphs. Specification Point 1.4 - Know and use the relationship between average speed, distance moved and time taken. Specification Point 1.5 - Practical: investigate the motion of everyday objects such as toy cars or tennis balls. Complete set of Chapter 1 Lessons are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 2.1 - Use the following units: ampere, coulomb, joule , ohm, second, volt and watt. Specification Point 2.2 - Understand how the use of insulation, double insulation, earthing, fuses and circuit breakers protects the device or user in a range of domestic appliances. Specification Point 2.3 - Understand why a current in a resistor results in the electrical transfer of energy and an increase in temperature, and how this can be used in a variety of domestic contexts. Specification Point 2.14 - Know that current is the rate of flow of charge. Complete set of Chapter 2 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 4.3.8 - Aggression. The ethological explanation of aggression, including reference to innate releasing mechanisms and fixed action patterns. Evolutionary explanations of human aggression. Complete set of Chapter 15 Lectures are available.

Companion PDF worksheet for Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry Lecture 29 - Reversible Reactions. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Specification Point 3.17 - Know that some reactions are reversible and this is indicated by the symbol ⇌ in equations. Specification Point 3.18 - Describe reversible reactions such as the dehydration of hydrated copper (II) sulphate and the effect of heat on ammonium chloride. Complete set of Chapter 6 Worksheets are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 4.2.1 - Approaches in psychology. The psychodynamic approach: the role of the unconscious, the structure of personality, that is Id, Ego and Superego, defence mechanisms including repression, denial and displacement, psychosexual stages. Complete set of Chapter 5 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 4.3.2 - Relationships. Virtual relationships in social media: self-disclosure in virtual relationships; effects of absence of gating on the nature of virtual relationships. Complete set of Chapter 9 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 4.3.3 - Gender. Sex and gender, sex-role stereotypes. Androgyny and measuring androgyny including the Bem Sex Role Inventory. Atypical gender development: gender dysphoria; biological and social explanations for gender dysphoria. Complete set of Chapter 10 Lectures are available.

Companion PDF worksheet for Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry Lecture 33 - Burning Hydrocarbons. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Specification Point 4.11 - Know that a fuel is a substance that, when burned, releases heat energy. Specification Point 4.12 - Know the possible products of complete and incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons with oxygen in the air. Specification Point 4.13 - Understand why carbon monoxide is poisonous, in terms of its effect on the capacity of blood to transport oxygen. Specification Point 4.14 - Know that, in car engines, the temperature reached is high enough to allow nitrogen and oxygen from air to react, forming oxides of nitrogen. Specification Point 4.14 - Know that, in car engines, the temperature reached is high enough to allow nitrogen and oxygen from air to react, forming oxides of nitrogen. Specification Point 4.15 - Explain how the combustion of some impurities in hydrocarbon fuels results in the formation of sulphur dioxide. Specification Point 4.16 - Understand how sulphur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen contribute to acid rain. Specification Point 4.17 - Describe how long-chain alkanes are converted to alkenes and shorter-chain alkanes by catalytic cracking. Specification Point 4.18 - Explain why cracking is necessary, in terms of the balance between supply and demand for different fractions. Complete set of Chapter 7 Worksheets are available.