This lesson describes the light-dependent stage, focusing on the production of ATP by photophosphorylation and reduced NADP. The detailed PowerPoint and accompanying resources have been designed to cover the details of points 7, 8, 9 and 10 of topic 13.1 of the CIE A-level Biology specification.
The light-dependent stage of photosynthesis is a process which students can find difficult to understand in the necessary detail so this lesson has been planned to walk them through all of the key details. Time is taken to describe the roles of the major protein complexes that are embedded in the thylakoid membrane and this includes the two photosystems, the cytochrome proton pump and ATP synthase. A series of exam-style questions have been written that link to other biological topics in this course such as eukaryotic cell structures and membrane transport as well as application questions to challenge them to apply their understanding. Some of these resources have been differentiated to allow students of differing abilities to access the work and to be pushed at the same time. Students will learn that there are two pathways that the electron can take from PSI and at the completion of the two tasks which describe each of these pathways, they will understand how ATP is generated in non-cyclic and cyclic photophosphorylation. The final task of the lesson asks them to compare these two forms of photophosphorylation to check that they understand when photolysis is involved and reduced NADP is formed.
Due to the detail included in this lesson, it is estimated that it will take up to 3 hours of allocated A-level teaching time to complete.
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Topic 13: Photosynthesis (CIE A-level Biology)
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Topics 12 & 13: Respiration and photosynthesis (CIE A-level Biology)
Respiration and photosynthesis are two of the most commonly-assessed topics in the terminal A-level exams but are often poorly understood by students. These 16lessons have been intricately planned to contain a wide range of activities that will engage and motivate the students whilst covering the key detail to try to deepen their understanding and includes exam-style questions so they are fully prepared for these assessments. The following specification points in topics 12 and 13 of the CIE A-level Biology course are covered by these lessons: * The need for energy in living organisms * The features of ATP * The synthesis of ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation in glycolysis and the Krebs cycle * The roles of the coenzymes in respiration * The synthesis of ATP through the electron transport chain in the mitochondria and chloroplasts * The relative energy values of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins as respiratory substrates * Determining the respiratory quotient from equations for respiration * The four stages of aerobic respiration * An outline of glycolysis * When oxygen is available, pyruvate is converted into acetyl CoA in the link reaction * The steps of the Krebs cycle * Oxidative phosphorylation * The relationship between the structure and function of the mitochondrion * Distinguish between aerobic and anaerobic respiration in mammalian tissue and in yeast cells * Anaerobic respiration generates a small yield of ATP and builds up an oxygen debt * The products of the light-dependent stage are used in the Calvin cycle * The structure of a chloroplast and the sites of the light-dependent and light-independent stages of photosynthesis * The role of the chloroplast pigments * Absorption and action spectra * Using chromatography to separate the chloroplast pigments * The light-dependent stage of photosynthesis * The three stages of the Calvin cycle * The conversion of Calvin cycle intermediates to carbohydrates, lipids and amino acids * Explain the term limiting factor in relation to photosynthesis * Explain the effects of changes in light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration and temperature on the rate of photosynthesis * Explain how an understanding of limiting factors is used to increase crop yields in protected environments Due to the detail of these lessons, it is estimated that it will take up to 2 months of allocated A-level teaching time to cover the detail included in the slides of these lessons If you would like to sample the quality of the lessons, download the roles of the coenzymes, the Krebs cycle and the products of the Calvin cycle lessons as these have been shared for free
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