OCR History Italy and Unification 1789–1896 Notes

Unit Y215 Notes covering Italy 1789–1847
Italy in 1789:
The impact of the French Revolution; Napoleonic Italy; Italy and the impact of the Vienna Settlement; unrest and nationalism; the Carbonari; the revolutions of 1820–1821 and 1831; the influence of intellectuals and nationalist movements, including Young Italy and different attitudes to unification; extent of support for nationalism.
The Revolutions of 1848–1849 and their aftermath:
Revolutions in Lombardy, Piedmont, Naples, Venice and Rome; role of Pope Pius IX and Charles Albert; the role of revolutionary leaders including Garibaldi and Mazzini; the reasons for the failure of nationalist and liberal protests; the results of the revolutions; the developments in Piedmont under Cavour and Victor Emmanuel II.
The Risorgimento and the establishment of a new Kingdom of Italy 1850–1861:
The diplomacy of Cavour and his relations with Napoleon III; causes and results of the war of 1859; Garibaldi and the Thousand and the expedition to Sicily; the role of Victor Emmanuel II, Cavour and the enlargement of Piedmont; the constitution and nature of the Kingdom of Italy.
Italy 1861–1896:
Piedmontisation 1861–1870; further attempts at unification; Brigands’ War and the policies of the new Italy; the impact of Prussia’s wars against Austria and France 1866–1871 on Italy; the degree of unity in 1871; social and economic problems; the Mezzogiorno; relations with the Church; the policies of Trasformismo; Italy’s relations with the other European powers; colonial expansion.