This detailed and fully-resourced lesson describes the relationship between the structure and function of the polysaccharides: glycogen, starch and cellulose. The engaging PowerPoint and accompanying resources have been designed to cover the third part of point 1.2 of the AQA A-level Biology specification and clear links are also made to the previous lessons in this topic where the monosaccharides and disaccharides were introduced.
By the end of this lesson, students should understand how key structural features like the 1 - 4 and 1 - 6 glycosidic bonds and the hydrogen bonds dictate whether the polysaccharide chain is branched or unbranched and also whether it spirals or not. Following the description of the structure of glycogen, students are challenged to design an exam question in the form of a comparison table so that it can be completed as the lesson progresses once they learn more about starch and cellulose. This includes a split in the starch section of the table so that the differing structures and properties of amylose and amylopectin can be considered. In the final part of the lesson, time is taken to focus on the formation of cellulose microfibrils and macrofibrils to explain how plant cells have the additional strength needed to support the whole plant.
Due to the detail included in this lesson, it is estimated that it will take in excess of 2 hours of allocated teaching time to complete
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Topic 1: Biological molecules (AQA A-level Biology)
The biological molecules topic is incredibly important, not just because it is found at the start of the course, but also because of its detailed content which must be well understood to promote success with the other 7 AQA A-level Biology topics. Many hours of intricate planning has gone into the design of all of the 20 lessons that are included in this bundle to ensure that the content is covered in detail, understanding is constantly checked and misconceptions addressed and that engagement is high. This is achieved through the wide variety of tasks in the PowerPoints and accompanying worksheets which include exam-style questions with clear answers, discussion points, differentiated tasks and quick quiz competitions. The following specification points are covered by the lessons within this bundle: * Monomers and polymers * Condensation and hydrolysis reactions * Common monosaccharides * Maltose, sucrose and lactose * The structure and functions of glycogen, starch and cellulose * Biochemical tests using Benedict's solution for reducing sugars and non-reducing sugars and iodine/potassium iodide for starch * The structure and properties of triglycerides and phospholipids * The emulsion test for lipids * The structure of amino acids * The formation of dipeptides and polypeptides * The levels of protein structure * The biuret test for proteins * Enzymes act as biological catalysts * The induced-fit model of enzyme action * The properties of an enzyme * The effect of temperature on the rate of an enzyme-controlled reaction * The effect of enzyme and substrate concentration on the rate of an enzyme-controlled reaction * The effect of competitive and non-competitive inhibitors on the rate of an enzyme-controlled reaction * The structure of DNA and RNA * The semi-conservative replication of DNA * ATP as the universal energy currency * The properties of water and its importance in Biology * Inorganic ions Due to the detail of each of these lessons, it is estimated that it will take in excess of 2 months of allocated teaching time to cover the content. If you would like to see the quality of the lessons, download the monomers and polymers, polysaccharides, triglycerides, dipeptides and polypeptides and inorganic ions lessons as these have been shared for free
Topic 1.2: Carbohydrates (AQA A-level Biology)
This bundle contains a series of 4 lessons which have been designed to cover the content of topic 1.2 of the AQA A-level Biology specification. Prior knowledge check questions are written into each of the lessons to promote continuity and to encourage students to make links between topics. The wide variety of tasks that are included within the lesson PowerPoints and the accompanying resources cover the following specification points: * Monosaccharides are the monomers from which larger carbohydrates are made * Glucose, galactose and fructose as the common monosaccharides * Maltose, lactose and sucrose are formed by the condensation of two monosaccharides where the reaction forms a glycosidic bond * Glucose has two isomers * Glycogen and starch are formed by the condensation of alpha-glucose * Cellulose is formed by the condensation of beta-glucose * The basic structure and functions of glycogen, starch and cellulose * The use of Benedict's solution to test for reducing and non-reducing sugars * The use of iodine/potassium iodide to test for starch If you would like to sample the quality of this lesson bundle, then download the polysaccharides lesson as this has been uploaded for free
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A really useful resource to help update my A level folder for topics not taught for a while!
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