REVISION: "PHILOSOPHICAL LANGUAGE AND THOUGHT"

Revision notes for A-level Religious Studies (OCR)

Four pages

PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION – PHILOSOPHICAL LANGUAGE AND THOUGHT

ANCIENT PHILOSOPHICAL INFLUENCES

• PLATO
• THE FORMS
• Heraclitus
• Realm of the Forms
• Realm of Appearances
• Hierarchy of the Forms
• Allegory of the Cave
• Criticisms of the allegory
• Darwin
• Deus Ex Machina
• ARISTOTLE
• Method of per genus et per differentia
• The Four Causes
• The Prime Mover

SOUL, MIND & BODY

THE PHILOSOPHICAL LANGUAGE OF SOUL, MIND AND BODY

Views of Plato:
Psyche
Soul
Tripartite soul
Allegory of the Chariot
Logos
Thymos
Eros

Views of Aristotle:
Soul
Nutritive soul
Sensible soul
Rational soul

METAPHYSICS OF CONSCIOUSNESS

Substance dualism
Descartes
“Cogito ergo sum”
Mind + body
Pineal gland
Neural dependence
Gilbert Ryle
‘Ghost in a machine’

Materialism
Consciousness
Monism
‘I am a body’
Rejection of soul
Dawkins
‘The Selfish Gene’
SOUL ONE / SOUL TWO
Susan Blackmore
John Hick
soft materialist