This detailed lesson describes the structure and properties of the cell membrane, focusing on the phospholipid bilayer and membrane proteins. Fully resourced, the PowerPoint and accompanying worksheets have been designed to cover the first part of point 2.3 of the AQA A-level Biology specification and clear links are made to Singer and Nicholson’s fluid mosaic model
The fluid mosaic model is introduced at the start of the lesson so that it can be referenced at appropriate points throughout the lesson. Students were introduced to phospholipids in topic 1 and so an initial task challenges them to spot the errors in a passage describing the structure and properties of this molecule. This reminds them of the bilayer arrangement, with the hydrophilic phosphate heads protruding outwards into the aqueous solutions on the inside and the outside of the cell. In a link to some upcoming lessons on the transport mechanisms, the students will learn that only small, non-polar molecules can move by simple diffusion and that this is through the tails of the bilayer. This introduces the need for transmembrane proteins to allow large or polar molecules to move into the cell by facilitated diffusion and active transport. Proteins that act as receptors as also introduced and an opportunity is taken to make a link to an upcoming topic so that students can understand how hormones or drugs will bind to target cells in this way. Moving forwards, the structure of cholesterol is covered and students will learn that this hydrophobic molecule sits in the middle of the tails and therefore acts to regulate membrane fluidity. The final part of the lesson challenges the students to apply their newly-acquired knowledge to a series of questions where they have to explain why proteins may have moved when two cells are used and to suggest why there is a larger proportion of these proteins in the inner mitochondrial membrane than the outer membrane.
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Topic 2: Cells (AQA A-level Biology)
This bundle contains 19 PowerPoint lessons which are highly-detailed and are fully-resourced with differentiated worksheets. Intricate planning means that the wide range of activities included in these lessons will engage and motivate the students, check on their current understanding and their ability to make links to previously covered topics and most importantly will deepen their understanding of the following specification points in topic 2 (Cells) of the AQA A-level Biology specification: * Structure and function of the organelles in eukaryotic cells * The specialised cells in complex, multicellular organisms * The structure of prokaryotic cells * The structure of viruses which are acellular and non-living * The principles and limitations of optical, transmission electron and scanning electron microscopes * Measuring the size of an object under an optical microscope * Use of the magnification formula * The behaviour of chromosomes during the stages of the cell cycle * Binary fission * The basic structure of cell membranes * The role of phospholipids, proteins, glycoproteins, glycolipids and cholesterol * Simple diffusion * Facilitated diffusion * Osmosis, explained in terms of water potential * The role of carrier proteins and the hydrolysis of ATP in active transport * Co-transport as illustrated by the absorption of sodium ions and glucose by the cells lining the mammalian ileum * Recognition of different cells by the immune system * The identification of pathogens from antigens * The phagocytosis of pathogens * The cellular response involving T lymphocytes * The humoral response involving the production of antibodies by plasma cells * The structure of an antibody * The roles of plasma cells and memory cells in the primary and secondary immune response * The use of vaccines to protect populations * The differences between active and passive immunity * The structure of the human immunodeficiency virus and its replication in helper T cells * How HIV causes the symptoms of AIDS * Why antibiotics are ineffective against viruses * The use of antibodies in the ELISA test If you would like to sample the quality of these lessons, then download the eukaryotic animal cells, viruses, microscopes, osmosis, lymphocytes, HIV and AIDS lessons as these have been shared for free.
£25.00
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Topic 2.3: Transport across cell membranes (AQA A-level Biology)
This lesson bundle contains 4 fully-resourced lessons that use a wide variety of tasks to engage and motivate the students whilst covering the following specification points in topic 2.3 of the AQA A-level Biology specification: * The basic structure of cell membranes * The arrangement of phospholipids, proteins, glycoproteins and glycolipids in the fluid-mosaic model of membrane structure * The role of cholesterol in membranes * Simple diffusion and the limitations imposed by the phospholipid bilayer * Facilitated diffusion and the role of channel and carrier proteins * Osmosis in terms of water potential * Active transport * Co-transport as illustrated by the absorption in the ileum Hours of planning has gone into the lesson design to ensure that links are made to topics 2.1 & 2.2 as well as to topic 1 (biological molecules) and to differentiate resources where possible to challenge and support all abilities of students If you would like to sample the quality of lessons in this bundle, then download the osmosis lesson which has been shared for free
£5.50
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