This lesson describes the effects of pH on the rate of enzyme-controlled reactions. The PowerPoint and accompanying resources are part of the third lesson in a series of 5 lessons which have been designed to cover the content of point 1.4.2 (Many proteins are enzymes) of the AQA A-level Biology specification.
The lesson begins with a short discussion, where the students are challenged to identify how the stomach and the small intestine differ in terms of a particular condition and to explain why the conditions in these neighbouring digestive organs are so important. This introduces pepsin and trypsin and these protease enzymes play a key role throughout the lesson as they are good examples of how different extracellular enzymes have different optimum pH values (which are not necessarily 7.0). Moving forwards, students will discuss how the rate of an enzyme-controlled reaction will change if there are small or large changes in pH, and then time is taken to ensure that students can explain these changes with reference to tertiary structure bonds and the shape of the active site. Through the use of a quick quiz competition, the students will be reminded of the key term “buffer” and a series of questions are used to challenge their understanding of how these substances could be used in a practical investigation. They will also learn how buffers are found in blood plasma as well as in red blood cells in the form of haemoglobin. With there being such a large proportion of marks for Maths in a Biology context questions in the AQA assessments, the remainder of the lesson challenges the students to use a given formula to calculate the pH of blood when given the hydrogen ion concentration and to calculate percentage decrease. These questions have been differentiated to give assistance to those that need the support
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Topic 1.4.2: Many proteins are enzymes (AQA A-level Biology)
Each of the five lessons included in this lesson bundle are fully-resourced and have been designed to engage and motivate the students whilst covering the following points that are detailed in topic 1.4.2 of the AQA A-level Biology specification: * Each enzyme lowers the activation energy of the reaction it catalyses * The induced-fit model of enzyme action * The specificity of enzymes * The effects of temperature, pH, enzyme concentration, substrate concentration and concentration of competitive and non-competitive inhibitors on the rate of enzyme-controlled reactions The lessons have been planned to come as a bundle and references are continually made to previous lessons in the topic to support the students in making the important links between structure, properties and actions of these globular proteins.
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Topic 1.4: Proteins (AQA A-level Biology)
All 8 of the lessons that are included in this lesson bundle are highly detailed and will engage and motivate the students whilst covering the content of topic 1.4 of the AQA A-level Biology specification. With proteins playing critical roles in a wide range of living organisms, a clear understanding of the structure and functions of these biological molecules is important for all of the other topics. The following specification points are covered by the lessons in this bundle: * The general structure of an amino acid * A condensation reaction between two amino acids forms a peptide bond * The formation of dipeptides and polypeptides * The role of the tertiary structure bonds in the structure of a protein * The variety of functions of proteins in living organisms * The relationship between protein structure and function * The biuret test for proteins * Enzymes lower the activation energy of the reaction it catalyses * The induced fit model of enzyme action * The specificity of enzymes * The effects of temperature, pH, enzyme and substrate concentration and inhibitors on the rate of enzyme-controlled reactions If you would like to sample the quality of lessons in this bundle, then download the dipeptides & polypeptides lesson and the biuret test lesson as these have been uploaded for free
£9.00
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