This detailed lesson describes the role of haemoglobin in the transport of respiratory gases and compares the dissociation curves for foetal and adult haemoglobin. The PowerPoint and accompanying resource have been designed to cover points 4.5 (i), (ii) and (iv) of the Edexcel A-level Biology B specification.
The structure of haemoglobin was covered during topic 1, so the start of the lesson acts as a prior knowledge check where the students are challenged to recall that it is a globular protein which consists of 4 polypeptide chains. A series of exam-style questions are then used to challenge them to make the link between the solubility of a globular protein and its role in the transport of oxygen from the alveoli to the respiring cells. Moving forwards, the students will learn that each of the 4 polypeptide chains contains a haem group with an iron ion attached and that it is this group which has a high affinity for oxygen. Time is taken to discuss how this protein must be able to load (and unload) oxygen as well as transport the molecules to the respiring tissues. Students will plot the oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve and the S-shaped curve is used to encourage discussions about the ease with which haemoglobin loads each molecule. At this point, foetal haemoglobin and its differing affinity of oxygen is introduced and students are challenged to predict whether this affinity will be higher or lower than adult haemoglobin and to represent this on their dissociation curve.
The remainder of the lesson looks at the different ways that carbon dioxide is transported around the body that involve haemoglobin. Time is taken to look at the dissociation of carbonic acid into hydrogen ions so that students can understand how this will affect the affinity of haemoglobin for oxygen in an upcoming lesson on the Bohr effect.
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Topic 4: Exchange and transport (Edexcel A-level Biology B)
The wide variety of tasks that are written into the 18 lesson PowerPoints and accompanying resources that are included in this lesson bundle will engage and motivate the students whilst covering the detailed content of topic 4 of the Edexcel A-level Biology B specification (Exchange and transport). The following specification points are covered by these lessons: * Understand how the surface area to volume ratio affects the transport of molecules in living organisms * Understand why organisms need a mass transport system and specialised gas exchange surfaces as they increase in size * The structure of the cell surface membrane * Passive transport is brought about by diffusion and facilitated diffusion * Passive transport is brought about by osmosis * Understand how the properties of molecules affects how they are transported * Large molecules are transported in and out of cells by endocytosis and exocytosis * The process of active transport * The phosphorylation and hydrolysis of ATP * Understand how insects, fish and mammals are adapted for gas exchange * The structure of the heart, arteries, veins and capillaries * The advantages of the double circulatory system * The sequence of events of the cardiac cycle * The myogenic stimulation of the heart * Interpreting ECG traces * The role of platelets and plasma proteins in the sequence of events leading to blood clotting * The structure of haemoglobin in relation to its role in the transport of respiratory gases * The Bohr effect * The dissociation curve of haemoglobin * The significance of the oxygen affinity of foetal haemoglobin * The similarities and differences between the structure and function of haemoglobin and myoglobin * The formation and reabsorption of tissue fluid * Know that tissue fluid that is not reabsorbed is returned to the blood via the lymph * The structure of the xylem and phloem in relation to their role in transport * The movement of water by the apoplastic and symplastic pathways * The cohesion-tension model Hours and hours has gone into the intricate planning of all of these lessons and the quality can be sampled by downloading the following lessons which have been uploaded for free: Surface area to volume ratio ATP, active transport, endocytosis and exocytosis Structure of the heart, arteries, veins and capillaries Double circulatory system Apoplastic and symplastic pathways
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Topic 4.5: Transport of gases in blood (Edexcel A-level Biology B)
The 3 lessons contained within this lesson bundle cover the content as detailed in topic 4.5 of the Edexcel A-level Biology B specification. The lesson PowerPoints and accompanying worksheets are filled with lots of different tasks that cover the specification points shown below whilst engaging and motivating the students with exam-style questions, guided discussion periods and quiz competitions. TOPIC 4.5: Transport of gases in blood * The structure of haemoglobin in relation to its role in the transport of respiratory gases, including the Bohr effect * Understand the oxygen dissociation curve of haemoglobin * Understand the similarities and differences between the structures and functions of haemoglobin and myoglobin * Understand the significance of the oxygen affinity of foetal haemoglobin as compared to adult haemoglobin
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