This lesson reviews students’ knowledge about the carbon cycle within the context of the study of ecosystems for GSCE Science (Biology) and Geography, as well as the changing composition of the Earth’s atmosphere for GCSE Science (Chemistry). It covers the carbon cycle and major carbon stores and fluxes. The lesson combines a digital interactive carbon cycle diagram to reinforce knowledge of the processes in the carbon cycle, with a hands-on activity to introduce students to the size of the major carbon stores and fluxes. Exam style questions and a knowledge organiser provide a good revision focus. Learning outcomes Review basic processes in the carbon cycle Develop fuller understanding of the carbon cycle Compare the sizes of the major carbon stores Demonstrate their understanding of carbon fluxes and how changes have contributed to climate change

This activity focuses on the processes in the global carbon cycle. It can be played individually or in small groups of two to four. Each player will move their counter around the board using the instructions. Players will use a dice to see how their carbon counter will move around the different stores in the carbon cycle.

Submarine STEM 11-14 provides middle school / lower secondary school science and design and technology teachers with an engaging resource to explore the science and engineering of submarine exploration. The 6 lessons of Submarine STEM 11-14 are based on the exploratory submersible journeys undertaken as part of the XL Catlin Deep Ocean Survey. The XL Catlin Deep Ocean Survey was the first Nekton Mission and the first multidisciplinary scientific research program to measure the health and resilience of the deep ocean off Bermuda, the Sargasso Sea (between Bermuda and Canada) and off Canada’s east coast. Submarine STEM challenges students to consider different aspects of submarine design. Each lesson contains a standalone practical investigation examining the scientific principles involved in safely exploring the deep ocean. The deep ocean is extremely difficult to observe and until recently marine science was conducted entirely from the surface. Students will follow in the footsteps of pioneers in deep ocean exploration, considering the different scientific concepts from forces and pressure to material choices needed for surviving in this inhospitable yet amazing environment.

This #GoogleExpeditions lesson develops students’ French language skills. Go on a journey to Antarctica to meet the penguins that live there and then develop the French language skills needed to describe the life and features of these amazing birds. Google Expeditions are immersive 360 degree photo stories designed for use in the classroom. For more see: https://www.google.com/edu/expeditions/ To download Google Docs versions of the lesson plan and student sheet go to: https://goo.gl/7vFRD9

This #GoogleExpeditions lesson develops students’ understanding of recycling and where waste goes. Students develop their knowledge of recycling through a Google Expedition to the New York Department of Sanitation. They apply their learning in the form of a waste diary and develop values needed to reduce and recycle more of their waste. Google Expeditions are immersive 360 degree photo stories designed for use in the classroom. For more see: https://www.google.com/edu/expeditions/ To download Google Docs versions of the lesson plan and student sheet go to: https://goo.gl/UzlX1w

This group activity is designed to deepen students’ understanding of the carbon cycle. It is aimed at upper primary classes, as it represents a simplified model of how carbon moves. Students will develop their understanding of how carbon moves between the atmosphere, plants, and animals, as well as how the burning of fossil fuels over the past 250 years has caused an imbalance in the carbon cycle.

Students work scientifically by using analytical techniques in a systematic way to identify mixed up samples of ocean water. The context of the lesson is a mix up in a lab which students have to use their skills to solve. This full lesson contains: Slideshow 5: Ocean detectives Lesson Overview and Teacher Guidance Activity Overview 5: Ocean detectives Student Sheet 5a: Ocean detectives Subject Update 2: Thermohaline circulation Six enquiry-based lessons introducing ocean science concepts for ages 11-14. These lessons and activities are full of practical ideas to bring carbonate chemistry and marine biology to the science classroom. All lessons demonstrate science at work and are based on recent research conducted in the Arctic. Designed to be used in conjunction with the Encounter Edu Media Zone. All lessons and resources are available from Encounter Edu’s TES profile.

This activity teaches students about the amount of carbon in the different stores, e.g. ocean, atmosphere, and fossil fuels. It is a group activity designed for between 4 and 6 students. Students will also learn about how carbon passes from one store to another.

This lesson will look at the threats to the coral reefs, using a variety of resources including videos, a gallery and a information Student Sheet. This lesson will get students to start thinking about the scale of the threats to coral reefs and how we can all play a part, regardless of how far we live from the coral reef. This lesson is from the Coral Oceans Geograpy 14-16 unit. You can access the unit here: https://encounteredu.com/teachers/units/coral-oceans-geography-14-16 The unit delivers a comprehensive understanding of coral reefs. Through the use of our exclusive galleries, videos and online resources, students will develop their knowledge and understanding of what coral reefs are, why they are important and how to protect them. The unit includes challenging lessons on abiotic components such as the nutrient cycle and biotic factors such as food chains. To experience the full impact of this scheme of work it can be taught in advance of our annual Coral Live event. Live lessons can be booked for free here: https://encounteredu.com/live

Plastic pollution: design task is a Key Stage 3 (KS3) resource. In this the final design and technology Key Stage 3 (KS3) lesson, students will apply their understanding of the 6 Rs. The focus of this lesson is to design an ocean friendly product. Students will work in groups to research, design, and pitch. Included are teacher resources which structure students independent and group activities. This is a single lesson from the Oceans Plastics unit. Ocean Plastics D&T 11-14 is a Key Stage 3 (KS3) resource. Students are taken on the journey of how the 6 Rs can be applied to reduce ocean plastic pollution. Students will learn the science behind what makes plastics both brilliant for everyday purposes and devastating to our oceans and marine life. Exploring the 6 Rs students innovate product designs which creatively solve the problem of ocean plastics.Included in this topic are teacher resources that promote students to problem solve through creative design. Students will design a user-centred recycling bin to promote recycling, create a sustainable fashion brand, build a modular phone, and pitch their own unique design solution to the ocean plastic problem. Get the whole unit resources here: https://encounteredu.com/teachers/units/ocean-plastics-design-11-14

This full unit uses the coral reef as a case study for biodiversity and human impact topics for Science GCSE. It is a great way for students to apply learning to new contexts in preparation for exams. The unit makes use of multimedia content and science research, making it appropriate for students of all levels. Downloads include a full teacher book with student sheets and all resources for teaching, with a PowerPoint for each lesson. Lessons cover the following topics (with multimedia and further resources available from https://encounteredu.com/teachers/units/coral-oceans-science-14-16): Scales in an ecosystem and the importance of mutualism Direct human impacts on the coral reef (e.g. overfishing) Indirect human impacts on the coral reef (e.g. climate change) How scientists research the reef to identify areas in need of protection How reefs are protected and importance of habitat connectivity Decision-making exercise on coral reef protection and impact on local communities Students design their own marine protected area applying science concepts

This #GoogleExpeditions lesson develops students’ understanding of human anatomy. This introductory lesson introduces students to the main external features of the heart, identifying arteries and veins. Google Expeditions are immersive 360 degree photo stories designed for use in the classroom. For more see: https://www.google.com/edu/expeditions/. This is Google Expeditions Lesson is number 1 of a 4 lesson sequence. It can be used as a standalone lesson or in conjunction with others listed below. Lesson 1: Google Expeditions: The Heart – External Structure https://goo.gl/UHEs0F Lesson 2: Google Expeditions: The Heart – Internal human heart structure https://goo.gl/96wNXN Lesson 3: Google Expeditions: The Heart – Electrical control of the heart beat https://goo.gl/P3E6tX Lesson 4: Google Expeditions: The Heart – Cardiovascular disease https://goo.gl/7CG7FN

This #GoogleExpeditions lesson develops student skills in human anatomy and health. Students investigate how different diseases can affect different parts of the ear. This lesson combines immersive imagery of the human ear, with facts on diseases that affect the auditory system. Google Expeditions are immersive 360 degree photo stories designed for use in the classroom. For more see: https://www.google.com/edu/expeditions/. This is Google Expeditions Lesson is number 4 of a 4 lesson sequence. It can be used as a standalone lesson or in conjunction with others listed below (links go to Google Docs versions of the lessons). Lesson 1: Google Expeditions: Auditory System – Sound waves & The Outer Ear https://goo.gl/y5jukV Lesson 2: Google Expeditions: Auditory System – Middle & Inner Ear https://goo.gl/RbUlQs Lesson 3: Google Expeditions: Auditory System – Ear & Balance https://goo.gl/xl5mJ3 Lesson 4: Google Expeditions: Auditory System – Ear & Disease https://goo.gl/TKj9Om

This #GoogleExpeditions lesson develops student skills in analysing Gothic writing. Students will take a virtual tour around Historical Buildings in the UK and compare how Gothic writers (Charlotte Bronte, Bram Stoker, et al.) use language to evoke place. Google Expeditions are immersive 360 degree photo stories designed for use in the classroom. For more see: https://www.google.com/edu/expeditions/. To download Google Docs versions of the lesson plan and student sheet go to: https://goo.gl/LcF6v7.

Students work scientifically by writing a method to test a hypothesis and then practise this in an exam setting. The context of the lesson is Dr Ceri Lewis’ work into the impact of ocean acidification on copepods; a type of zooplankton with calcium carbonate shells. The lesson builds on students’ prior knowledge of the environmental impact of anthropogenic CO2 production. This full lesson contains: Slideshow 2 How does ocean acidification affect organisms? Lesson Overview and Teacher Guidance Activity Overview 2 Investigating how ocean acidification affects organisms with shells Student Sheet 2a Investigating how ocean acidification affects organisms with shells Subject Update 1 Ocean acidification Six enquiry-based lessons introducing ocean science concepts for ages 11-14. These lessons and activities are full of practical ideas to bring carbonate chemistry and marine biology to the science classroom. All lessons demonstrate science at work and are based on recent research conducted in the Arctic. Designed to be used in conjunction with the Encounter Edu Discovery Zone. All lessons and resources are available from Encounter Edu’s TES profile.

This is the fourth in a six lessons unit, Submarine STEM KS2. This lesson discusses the properties of materials and their use in submersible design. Students will compare a variety of materials for their submersible and justify their choices. An investigation into how salt water affects materials allows pupils to make predictions, write conclusions and conduct a fair test. This lesson is from the Submarine STEM 7-11 unit. You can access the unit here: https://encounteredu.com/teacher-resources/submarine-stem-science-ages-7-11. The unit enables students to explore materials, forces, and living things while working scientifically. The unit is based on real life submersible exploration of the XL Caitlin Deep Ocean Survey off Bermuda, the Sargasso Sea. To experience the full impact of this scheme of work it can be taught in advance of our annual Submarine Live event. Live lessons can be booked for free here: https://encounteredu.com/live

In this chemistry Key Stage 3 (KS3) lesson, students will learn how monomers and polymers dictate the properties of plastics. This lesson focuses on how plastics are made. Included are teacher resources for students to make their own polymer, using PVA and borax, to observe how changing the structure of a substance changes its properties. This individual lesson is part of a larger unit called Oceans Plastics. Ocean Plastics Science is a Key Stage 3 (KS3) resource combining both biology and chemistry. Students are taken on the journey of plastic. Exploring how plastics are manufactured, used, and disposed into the ocean. Students will learn the science behind what makes plastics both brilliant for everyday purposes and devastating to our oceans and marine life. Included in this topic are teacher resources that promote students to conduct authentic research, emulating research conducted by The University of Plymouth. Students will test the properties of plastics, investigate compostable alternatives, and analyse case studies to discover how plastics can physically and chemically harm marine life. If you liked this resource, please rate and review below. This will help to promote oceans education in schools worldwide.

Plastics: what harm can they cause? Part one is a Key Stage 2 (KS2) lesson. In this lesson students are introduced to microplastics and ocean plastic pollution and begin to understand how and why it occurs through investigating one of three case studies. They go on to discover some of the dangers plastic pollution and microplastics can pose to marine life and consider how entire food webs are impacted. Ocean Plastics 7-11 is a Key Stage 2 (KS2) cross-curricular unit of work encompassing science and geography which also develops skills in mathematics, citizenship and spoken language. The unit addresses four key questions; what are plastics, where are plastics, what impact can plastics have and what can I do? These questions are answered by developing students understanding of properties of materials, living things, habitats and human and physical geography. The unit explores the pros and cons of a variety of plastic products, investigates how plastic finds its way to the ocean and looks at what changes can be made on a local and global scale. Students understand the complex issues surrounding oceans plastics through this units optimistic and innovative approach to challenging attitudes and behaviour. Get the whole unit resources here: https://encounteredu.com/teachers/units/ocean-plastics-x-curric-7-11

This is the second in a six lesson unit, Submarine Science KS3. This lesson encourages students to investigate hands-on the property of neutral buoyancy, and to discuss its importance in terms of submarines.This lesson is from the Submarine STEM Science 11-14 unit. You can access the unit here: https://encounteredu.com/teacher-resources/submarine-stem-science-ages-11-14 This unit is based on the real life submersible exploration of the XL Caitlin Deep Ocean Survey off Bermuda, the Sargasso Sea. It provides students the opportunity to apply science, engineering, and design princples. To experience the full impact of this scheme of work it can be taught in advance of our annual Submarine Live event. Live lessons can be booked for free here: https://encounteredu.com/live

Computing KS3: Obstacles and sensors, in this lesson students will learn about the challenges autonomous vehicles will face whilst navigating the real world. They will learn about the ultrasonic sensor on board the mBot and how to use it to avoid obstacles. Finally, they will think about how driving speed can influence a vehicle’s ability to react to obstacles. This is a single lesson fromt he Computing KS3 unit. Computing KS3 is a computing and robotics education programme based on driverless car technologies. Students will develop their ability to code as well as their design thinking as they tackle smart city challenges. Through a series of nine lessons, students will learn about aspects of making, programming and design thinking as they build and program their own robot cars. They will work in teams to tackle coding challenges based on the actual problems that engineers are faced with in designing autonomous vehicles. In a final design challenge, students will need to work on not only the technical aspects of driverless cars, but also how they can improve lives and create smarter and safer communities. All lesson resources are found here: https://encounteredu.com/teachers/units/code-smart-11-14