This is an engaging lesson which uses a range of tasks and quiz competitions to ensure that the important details about elements are embedded so that students can use them in related Chemistry topics. The lesson begins by looking at the chemical symbols that are used with the elements. Students do not have to know the symbols off by heart because of the widely available Periodic Table but a sound knowledge will always help going forward. Time is taken to ensure that students understand how the symbols have to be written so that those with two letters consist of a capital and a lower case letter. In a race against each other, students are challenged to complete a crossword by converting symbols to the name of elements. This will result in a winner, a second placed and a third placed student who can be given a gold, silver and bronze medal. The atoms within each of these medals is explored so that students can learn that the gold and silver medals will only be made up of one type of atom and are therefore elements whilst the bronze is an alloy. The remainder of the lesson looks at some of the uses of the different elements and a homework task gets students to put this into written form. This lesson is suitable for both KS3 and GCSE students.

This is an engaging and informative lesson that looks at the group of unsaturated hydrocarbons known as the alkenes and focuses on a few properties, their displayed and chemical formulae and identification. This lesson has been designed for GCSE students and works nicely with the “alkanes” lesson as students can use learning from both lessons. The lesson begins by ensuring that students recognise a key difference between the alkenes and the alkanes in terms of the carbon-carbon bond. This shows them that there is no such substance as methane. They are guided through the rules of drawing alkenes, with examples of ethene and propene used so that they can then apply this technique to draw butene. Working together with the teacher, they will be able to write the general formula that connects this group of substances. The rest of the lesson focuses on the term unsaturated and how this affects them in terms of the identification test with bromine water as well reactions with hydrogen. The lesson finishes by getting students to recognise a use of ethene in making the alcohol, ethanol.

This fully-resources lesson looks at the phenomenon known as the Bohr effect and describes and explains how an increased carbon dioxide concentration affects the dissociation of oxyhaemoglobin. The PowerPoint has been designed to cover the second part of point 3.1.2 (j) of the OCR A-level Biology A specification and continually ties in with the previous lesson on the role of haemoglobin. The lesson begins with a terminology check to ensure that the students can use the terms affinity, oxyhaemoglobin and dissociation. In line with this, they are challenged to draw the oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve and are reminded that this shows how oxygen associates with haemoglobin but how it dissociates at low partial pressures. Moving forwards, a quick quiz is used to introduce Christian Bohr and the students are given some initial details of his described effect. This leads into a series of discussions where the outcome is the understanding that an increased concentration of carbon dioxide decreases the affinity of haemoglobin for oxygen. The students will learn that this reduction in affinity is a result of a decrease in the pH of the cell cytoplasm which alters the tertiary structure of the haemoglobin. Opportunities are taken at this point to challenge students on their prior knowledge of protein structures as well as the bonds in the tertiary structure. The lesson finishes with a series of questions where the understanding and application skills are tested as students have to explain the benefit of the Bohr effect for an exercising individual. These questions are differentiated to allow students of differing abilities to access the work and to be challenged

This is a fully-resourced revision lesson that uses a combination of exam questions, understanding checks, quick tasks and quiz competitions to help the students to assess their understanding of the sub-topics found within Topic C5 (Separate chemistry 1) of the Edexcel GCSE Chemistry specification. The sub-topics and specification points that are tested within the lesson include: Recall the typical properties of the transition metals Explain why converting pure metals into alloys often increases the strength of the product Calculate the concentration of solutions in mol per decimetre cubed Know the apparatus involved in an acid-alkali titration Carry out simple titration calculations Recall and calculate the atom economy Describe the molar volume, at RTP, and use to calculate the volumes of gases Recall how a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell is used to produce a voltage and water is the only product Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of fuel cells Students will be engaged through the numerous quiz rounds whilst crucially being able to recognise those areas which require their further attention during general revision or during the lead up to the actual GCSE terminal exams

This is a fully-resourced revision lesson that uses a combination of exam questions, understanding checks, quick tasks and quiz competitions to enable students to assess their understanding of the content found within Module P1 (Matter) of the OCR Gateway A GCSE Combined Science specification. The sub-topics and specification points that are tested within the lesson include: Describe how the atomic model has changed over time Define density Measure length, volume and mass to calculate density Explain the differences in density between the different states of matter in terms of the arrangements of atoms and molecules Describe how physical changes differ from chemical changes Define the term specific heat capacity and distinguis between this term and specific latent heat Carry out calculations to apply the equations involving specific heat capacity and specific latent heat Students will be engaged through the numerous quiz rounds whilst crucially being able to recognise those areas which require their further attention during general revision or during the lead up to the actual GCSE terminal exams

This revision resource includes exam questions, understanding checks and quiz competitions, all of which have been written to motivate and engage the students whilst they assess their understanding of the content found in topic 4 (Biological molecules) of the CIE IGCSE Biology specification for examination in June and November 2020 and 2021. This revision resource contains an engaging PowerPoint (36 slides) and associated worksheets. The range of activities have been designed to cover as much of the Core and Supplement content as possible but the following sub-topics have been given particular attention: List the chemical elements that make up carbohydrates State how starch, glycogen, cellulose, proteins and fats and oils are made from their specific smaller molecules Describe the use of the iodine and Benedicts solution test Explain how the specific sequence of the amino acids in a protein controls the shape and the effect this has on an enzyme and antibodies Describe the structure of DNA Recognise that water is an important solvent which is involved in a large number of roles in the human body In addition, links have been made to other topics such as hormones and organelles so that students can see the importance of making links between Biological topics

This engaging lesson presentation (55 slides) and associated worksheets uses exam questions with displayed mark schemes, quick tasks and quiz competitions to enable students to assess their understanding of the topics found within module B1 of the OCR Gateway A Combined Science specification. The topics which are specifically tested within the lesson include: Plant and animal cells, Bacterial cells, Light microscopy, Electron microscopy, Enzymes, Aerobic respiration, Photosynthesis, Photosynthesis experiments and Limiting factors Students will enjoy the competitions such as "Shine a LIGHT on any errors" and "Eu vs Pro" whilst crucially being able to recognise those areas which need their further attention

An engaging lesson presentation (30 slides) that looks at electric current and ensures that students know the key details about this factor in preparation for their GCSE studies. The lesson begins by forming a definition for this electrical term and then as the lesson progresses, this definition is broken so that each element is understood. Students will be introduced to the difference between electron flow and conventional current. Time is taken to ensure that students understand that an ammeter must be set up in series. The remainder of the lesson will focus on the mathematical calculations which include current and important skills such as converting between units is covered.] As stated above, this lesson has been designed primarily for those students taking their GCSE exams (14 - 16 year olds in the UK) but is suitable for younger students too.

A resourced lesson which looks at the chemical reaction that is aerobic respiration and ensures that students can apply their knowledge to application questions which challenge them to make links to related topics. The lesson includes an engaging lesson presentation (27 slides) and an associated worksheet containing questions. The lesson begins by challenging the students to recognise a definition for breathing and a definition for respiration. This is aimed at helping them to understand that these are different processes as this is a common misconception made by students. Moving forwards, key details about aerobic respiration are introduced to the students through a range of tasks which include competitions to maintain engagement. Time is taken to ensure that students become familiar with ATP and understand that this is the energy store which will be broken down to release energy for the activities that occur in a living organism. The remainder of the lesson challenges the students to take their new found knowledge of aerobic respiration and apply it to range of unfamiliar situations such as explaining why a root hair cell would have such a large number of mitochondria. There are regular progress checks throughout the lesson to allow the students to check on their understanding. As always, the lesson finishes with a slide containing advanced terminology so that students who have aspirations to take A-level Biology can extend and deepen their knowledge

An engaging lesson which focuses on the key terms which are involved in the ecology topic of food chains and food webs. Although this lesson is primarily designed for GCSE students, the content is suitable with KS3 students who are looking at the ecological relationships between organisms. The lesson begins by ensuring that students are confident in the construction of a food chain and that any common mistakes such as the arrows pointing in the wrong direction are eliminated. As with the other ecology lessons that I have designed, “ecology bingo” runs throughout the lesson to engage the students but also to challenge their recognition of key terms from definitions. Key terms such as producers and consumers are revisited in this lesson. The students will recall the names for the three types of consumers, based on their diets, and will make the link between the positions of producers, herbivores and carnivores in food chains. The remainder of the lesson focuses on the construction of a food web and describing changes in the numbers of organisms when there is a change to one of the other populations. Progress checks have been written into the lesson at regular intervals so students can constantly assess their understanding.

This is a fully-resourced lesson that is written for GCSE students and focuses on the calculations associated with the numerous equations that electrical power is found in. The lesson includes a fast-paced lesson presentation and a series of questions on a worksheet which has been differentiated two ways. Over the course of the lesson, the students will meet the different equations which include the factor of electrical power. Their whole range of mathematical skills will be tested, including rearranging the formula, conversion between units and simplifying two equations into one. The understanding of each of these skills and equations is checked through a range of tasks, each of which has a displayed mark scheme and explanation at the end so that students can self-assess their understanding. Students are encouraged to discuss and come up with insightful questions and answers.

This is a fully-resourced revision lesson that uses a combination of exam questions, understanding checks, quick tasks and quiz competitions to enable students to assess their understanding of the content found within Topic P3 (Particle model of matter) of the AQA Trilogy GCSE Combined Science specification. The sub-topics and specification points that are tested within the lesson include: Density of materials Changes of state Temperature changes in a system and specific heat capacity Changes of heat and specific latent heat Students will be engaged through the numerous quiz rounds whilst crucially being able to recognise those areas which require their further attention during general revision or during the lead up to the actual GCSE terminal exams

This lesson has been written to cover the part of specification point 5.1.2 © of the OCR A-level Biology A specification which states that students should be able to demonstrate and apply an understanding of the process of selective reabsorption. It has specifically been designed to build on the knowledge gained in the previous lessons on the structure of the nephron and ultrafiltration. The lesson begins by challenging the students to recall the substances that are found in the glomerular filtrate so that each of them can be considered over the course of the rest of the lesson. Moving forwards, the first of the numerous discussion points which are included in the lesson is used to get students to predict the component of the filtrate which won’t be found in the urine when they are presented with pie charts from each of these situations. Upon learning that glucose is 100% reabsorbed, along with most of the ions and some of the water, the rest of the lesson focuses on describing the relationship between the structure of the PCT and the function of selective reabsorption. Again, this section begins by encouraging the students to discuss and to predict which structures they would expect to find in a section of the kidney if the function is to reabsorb. They are given the chance to see the structure (as shown in the cover image) before each feature is broken down to explain its importance. Time is taken to look at the role of the cotransporter proteins to explain how this allows glucose, along with sodium ions, to be reabsorbed from the lumen of the PCT into the epithelial cells. The final part of the lesson focuses on urea and how the concentration of this substance increases along the tubule as a result of the reabsorption of some of the water. This lesson has been designed for students studying on the OCR-A level Biology A course and ties in nicely with the other lessons from 5.1.2 (c and d) on the structure and function of the kidney

This detailed lesson describes the transport of water into the plant as well as the movement across the cortex to the endodermis and to the xylem. Both the engaging PowerPoint and accompanying resource have been designed to cover the first part of point 3.1.3 (d) as detailed in the OCR A-level Biology A specification. The lesson begins by looking at the specialised features of the root hair cell so that students can understand how these epidermal cells absorb water and mineral ions from the soil. Moving forwards, students are introduced to key terminology such as epidermis and root cortex before time is taken to look at the symplast, vacuolar and apoplast pathways that water and minerals use to transverse the cortex. Discussion points are included throughout the lesson to encourage the students to think about each topic in depth and challenges them to think about important questions such as why the apoplast pathway is needed for the water carrying the ions. The main part of the lesson focuses on the role of the endodermis in the transport of the water and ions into the xylem. Students will be introduced to the Casparian strip and will learn how this layer of cells blocks the apoplast pathway. A step by step method using class questions and considered answers is used to guide them through the different steps and to support them when writing the detailed description. This lesson has been specifically written to tie in with the next lesson on the pathways and mechanisms by which water and mineral ions are transported to the leaves and then out into the air surrounding the leaves.

This engaging lesson presentation (51 slides) and associated worksheets uses exam questions with displayed mark schemes, quick tasks and quiz competitions to enable students to assess their understanding of the topics found within module B6 of the OCR Gateway A Combined Science specification. The topics which are specifically tested within the lesson include: Genetic engineering, Health and disease, Spread of communicable diseases and preventing the spread, Non-communicable diseases, Treating CVD and Modern advances in medicine Students will enjoy the competitions such as "Is this ENGINEERED correctly" and "COMMUNICATE the word" whilst crucially being able to recognise those areas which need their further attention

A fully-resourced lesson that looks at the 7 electromagnetic waves, their differences, similarities and uses. The lesson includes an engaging presentation (54 slides) and associated worksheets. The lesson begins with a number of engaging activities to get the students to find out the names of the 7 waves in the spectrum. Students will be challenged to use their knowledge of the properties of waves to explain why they have been arranged in this particular order. Moving forwards, some time is taken to ensure that students recognise the similarities of the waves. The rest of the lesson focuses on the uses of the waves and a homework is also set to get students to increase the number of uses that they know for each wave. There are regular progress checks throughout the lesson so that students can assess their understanding at critical points. This lesson has primarily been designed for GCSE students (14 - 16 year olds in the UK) but could be used with students at KS3 who are doing a project

This fully-resourced lesson explores the inheritance of genetic characteristics that involve multiple alleles and codominant alleles. The engaging and detailed PowerPoint and differentiated worksheets have been designed to cover the part of point 16.2 (b) of the CIE International A-level Biology specification which states that students should be able to use genetic diagrams to solve problems which involve codominance and multiple alleles. The main part of the lesson uses the inheritance of the ABO blood groups to demonstrate how the three alleles that are found at the locus on chromosome 9 and the codominance of the A and B alleles affects the phenotypes. Students are guided through the construction of the different genotypes and how to interpret the resulting phenotype. They are challenged to use a partially completed pedigree tree to determine the blood group for some of the family members and to explain how they came to their answer. To further challenge their ability to apply their knowledge, a series of questions about multiple alleles and codominance in animals that are not humans are used. All of the questions are followed by clear, visual mark schemes to allow the students to assess their progress and address any misconceptions

This is a fully-resourced lesson which uses exam-style questions, engaging quiz competitions, quick tasks and discussion points to challenge students on their understanding of the content of topics B1 - B4, that will assessed on PAPER 1. It has been specifically designed for students on the AQA GCSE Combined Science course who will be taking the FOUNDATION TIER examinations but is also suitable for students taking the higher tier who need to ensure that the key points of each of the sub-topics are embedded. The lesson has been written to take place in numerous shops that could be found on the high street to allow the following sub-topics to be covered: Eukaryotes and prokaryotes The prefixes of size and converting between units The cell structures of animal and plant cells Mitosis and the cell cycle Benign and malignant tumours The principles of organisation The structure of the heart and the circulatory system The features of the alveoli which enable efficient gas exchange CHD The risk factors of non-communicable diseases Pathogens as microorganisms that cause infectious diseases Bacterial, viral, fungal and protist diseases Vaccinations Temperature and photosynthesis Enzymes The digestive system The role of bile The functions of the components of blood In order to maintain challenge whilst ensuring that all abilities can access the questions, the majority of the tasks have been differentiated and students can ask for extra support when they are unable to begin a question. Step-by-step guides have also been written into the lesson to walk students through some of the more difficult concepts such as calculating percentage change Due to the extensiveness of this revision lesson, it is estimated that it will take in excess of 3 teaching hours to complete the tasks and therefore this can be used at different points throughout the duration of the course as well as acting as a final revision before the PAPER 1 exam

This fully-resourced lesson describes the process of DNA replication and includes key details of the role of DNA polymerase. The detailed PowerPoint and accompanying resources have been designed to cover point 2.10 (i) of the Edexcel International A-level Biology specification and also includes descriptions of the roles of DNA helicase and DNA ligase and an introduction of this type of replication as semi-conservative. As the main focus of this lesson is the roles of the enzymes, students will understand how DNA helicase breaks the hydrogen bonds between nucleotide bases, DNA polymerase forms the growing nucleotide strands and DNA ligase joins the nucleic acid fragments. The specification specifically mentions DNA polymerase and in line with this, extra time is taken to explain key details, such as the assembly of strands in the 5’-to-3’ direction by this enzyme, so that the continuous manner in which the leading strand is synthesised can be compared against that of the lagging strand. The students are constantly challenged to make links to previous topics such as DNA structure and hydrolysis reactions through a range of exam questions and answers are displayed so that any misconceptions are quickly addressed. The main task of the lesson asks the students to use the information provided in the lesson to order the sequence of events in DNA replication before discussing how the presence of a conserved strand and a newly built strand in each new DNA molecule shows that it is semi-conservative.

This fully-resourced lesson uses step by step guides to walk students through the interpretation of genetic pedigree diagrams for monohybrid inheritance. The PowerPoint and accompanying resources have been designed to cover point 2.15 (ii) of the Edexcel International A-level Biology specification and includes the inheritance when there are more than two alleles at a gene locus as well as those that demonstrate codominance. In order to minimise the likelihood of errors and misconceptions, the guides that are included within the lesson will support the students with the following: Writing parent genotypes Working out the different gametes that are made following meiosis Interpreting Punnett crosses to work out phenotypic ratios Students can often find pedigree trees the most difficult to interpret and to explain so exemplar answers are used and the worksheets are differentiated so students can seek assistance if necessary.