The lesson notes based on reversible reaction in according to the specification .

Lesson notes based on the Cambridge IGCSE chemistry specification

The lesson notes based on the Cambridge IGCSE chemistry specification from 2023 to 2025

The summary notes cover the topic based on concepts of formulae, equations and amount of substance with examples in according to the new specification. The notes are included the most confusing questions which commonly appear in papers with answers.

The summary notes cover the topic based on concepts of formulae, equations and amount of substance with examples. The notes are included the unit 3 practical essentials based on the topic . The most confusing 10 questions which commonly appear in papers with answers are provided to reinforce the knowledge of the topic.

The complete revision notes of the further organic chemistry of unit 4 cover the following topics in according to the new IAL specification. • Isomerism ( introduction only) • Optical isomerism • Chirality and enantiomers • Optical activity and reaction mechanisms • Carbonyl compounds ( aldehydes and ketones) • Preparations and reactions of carbonyl compounds. • Redox reactions of carbonyl compounds • Nucleophilic addition reactions of carbonyl compounds • Carboxylic acids • Preparations and reactions of carboxylic acids • Carboxylic acid derivatives – acyl chlorides, esters and polyesters • Polymerisation

The revision notes of the further organic chemistry of unit 4 cover the following topics in according to the new IAL specification. • Mass spectroscopy ( high resolution) • Nuclear magnetic resonance ( NMR) 13C- NMR 1H -NMR • Chromatography Paper chromatography Column Chromatography Gas Liquid Chromatography High performance Liquid chromatography GC-Mass spectroscopy ( combine chromatography)

The complete revision notes are included the followings according to the specification: Ionic bonding Covalent bonding ( simple molecular, dative covalent and giant lattice) Electronegativity Metallic bonding Formation sigma and pi bonds Bond length and bond enthalpy Drawing covalent molecules and structures polar covalent molecules shapes of molecules Intermolecular forces

This booklet covers the following topics 1 . writing Formulae , word equation, symbol equation and ionic equations 2.Calculating relative formula mass(molar mass) and percentage by mass 3.Calculating moles, molecules , atoms and mass of chemical compound 4.Calculating the moles and volume of gases 5.Calculating the concentration , moles and volume of solutions 6. Calculating the moles, molecules and atoms ( calculations with Avogadro Constant) 7.Calculating empirical formula and molecular formula. 8. Percentage purity and percentage yield 9. Calculating of reacting masses , excess and limiting reagents and prediction of the quantity of reactants and masses 10.Calculations problems related with titrations 11. Answers

The reinforcement revision worksheet is base on the lesson chemical bonding in according to the chemistry specification 2023- 2025

The supportive practical booklet for Cambridge O Level Chemistry is based on all the types of experiments which are possible to appear in paper . As well the booklet provide the common guidance for setting practicals too. This booklet provide enough knowledge for internal laboratory paper and alternative to practical paper.

The full lesson notes for the Cambridge IGCSE chemistry topic- polymers in according to the new specification 2023-2025.

The lesson notes based on the Cambridge IGCSE chemistry specification from 2023 to 2025.

The lesson is based on the specification of Cambridge IGCSE Chemistry.

The complete revision notes includes the follwings according to the specification: • Optical isomerism Chirality and enantiomers Optical activity and reaction mechanisms • Carbonyl compounds ( aldehydes and ketones) • Reactions of carbonyl compounds. • Redox reactions of carbonyl compounds • Nucleophilic addition reactions of carbonyl compounds • Carboxylic acids • Esters • Carboxylic acid derivatives - acyl chlorides, acid anhydrides and amides.

The booklet is based on new specifications with sufficient practice questions to enhance the application knowledge of students. The booklet covers the followings: This booklet covers the following topics 1 . writing Formulae , word equation, symbol equation and ionic equations 2.Calculating relative formula mass(molar mass) and percentage by mass 3.Calculating moles, molecules , atoms and mass of chemical compound 4.Calculating the moles and volume of gases 5.Calculating the concentration , moles and volume of solutions 6. Calculating the moles, molecules and atoms ( calculations with Avogadro Constant) 7.Calculating empirical formula and molecular formula. 8. Percentage purity and percentage yield 9. Calculating of reacting masses , excess and limiting reagents and prediction of the quantity of reactants and masses 10.Calculations problems related with titrations 11. Answers

The practice mole workbook is based on the Cambridge O/L new syllabus covering up the following areas. 1 . writing Formulae , word equation, symbol equation and ionic equations 2.Calculating relative formula mass(molar mass) and percentage by mass 3.Calculating moles, molecules , atoms and mass of chemical compound 4.Calculating the moles and volume of gases 5.Calculating the concentration , moles and volume of solutions 6. Calculating the moles, molecules and atoms ( calculations with Avogadro Constant) 7.Calculating empirical formula and molecular formula. 8. Percentage purity and percentage yield 9. Calculating of reacting masses , excess and limiting reagents and prediction of the quantity of reactants and masses 10. Calculations problems related with titrations 11. Answers

The booklet is based on all the practicals which may come in paper 6 - Alternative to practical paper. After following the booklet, the students will get ability to understand the concept of experiment, equipments, observation and risks for the laboratory works. The practical notes cover the practical knowledge what students need to answer.