Hero image

3k+Uploads

2084k+Views

2367k+Downloads

Year 3 Guided Reading Comprehension Activities Booklet! (Aligned with the New Curriculum!)
TandLGuruTandLGuru

Year 3 Guided Reading Comprehension Activities Booklet! (Aligned with the New Curriculum!)

(1)
Now with PDF version included! This resource booklet contains a wide range of age-appropriate, engaging, and meaningful comprehension activities for use in guided reading sessions. They are perfect for aiding the progress of children towards meeting the Year 3 expectations within the new National Curriculum framework. Children love learning from these resources, whilst they are also of great use to teachers, as there is explicit information within each task regarding which comprehension strands the task is designed to demonstrate. They are also generic enough to ensure that they are appropriate for use with all texts. Activities and games within the booklet include: - Mind Reader - to enable students to demonstrate that they can: 'Work out how a character is feeling in a story from their actions, and explain how you know with evidence from the text.' - Text Inspector - to enable students to demonstrate that they can: 'Use non-fiction texts to find out information on a subject.' - Rap Battle - to enable students to demonstrate that they can: 'Read aloud poems, and perform playscripts.' - Organised Ernie - to enable students to demonstrate that they can: 'Say how a text is organised in order to help you understand it, for example using paragraphs, headings, sub-headings, and inverted commas to show speech.' Plus many, many more activities (the booklet is around 20 pages in length!) All images are licensed for commercial use, and are cited on a separate document (included.)
CPD Training Sessions Bundle!
TandLGuruTandLGuru

CPD Training Sessions Bundle!

6 Resources
These CPD sessions offer engaging and original approaches to introducing or revisiting a range of effective pedagogical strategies. Grounded in educational research, these sessions are interactive, well-structured, and have been successfully tried and tested. The aim of each CPD session is to develop the knowledge, skills, and strategies needed in order to utilise in practice in each key area, and as an aid in achieving these aims, the trainer is supported with: -Colourful, engaging, and comprehensive PowerPoint presentations; -Videos for analysis of key techniques; -A wide range of interactive resources for CPD activities; -Instructions and plans to assist delivery. All images and videos are licensed for commercial use, and are cited on the final slide of each PowerPoint.
Behaviour Management CPD Session!
TandLGuruTandLGuru

Behaviour Management CPD Session!

(3)
This CPD session offers an engaging and original approach to improving behaviour management practices. Grounded in educational research, this CPD session is interactive, well-structured, and has been successfully tried and tested. The aim of the CPD session is to develop the knowledge, skills, and strategies needed in order to utilise behaviour management even more effectively in lessons, and it achieves this by embarking upon the following learning journey: 1. Fully understanding the various reasons for challenging behaviour; 2. Observing and analysing behaviour management practices through a Youtube video; 3. Evaluating the main behaviour concerns in the participants' school/classrooms 4. Gaining familiarity with a range of research and theory suggesting the best methods and strategies for a number of different challenging situations; 5, Planning effective behaviour management strategies to prevent and combat challenging behaviour in the participants' real-life classrooms. Included in this pack are: Full PowerPoint presentation, a hyperlinked video for analysis, cards fro the Diamond Nine activity, a top tips helpsheet, instructions for the main group task, and guidance for trainers/ presenters. All images and videos are licensed for commercial use, and are cited on the final slide.
Story Genres - Double Lesson!
TandLGuruTandLGuru

Story Genres - Double Lesson!

(0)
This stimulating and informative double lesson aims to improve students’ ability to understand the features of various story genres, and analyse the conventional language features within them. In particular students focus upon the vocabulary, sentence, and descriptive device choices made by writers across each of the genres, and begin to comprehend the effect of these techniques upon the reader. Students follow a clear and logical learning journey, in which they: -Define the different story genres and understand their key content features; -Understand the key features of different genres through interesting movie clips ; -Work collaboratively using the jigsaw method to ascertain the language features (vocabulary, sentences, descriptive devices) of different genres; -Engage with a number of interesting story extracts (Louis Sachar - Holes, JK Rowling - Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, Darren Shan - The Vampire's Assistant, Jeff Kinney - Diary of a Wimpy Kid.) -Write an analytical piece on some of the language features used by the writer of their chosen genre; -Peer/self-assess their analytical attempts. There are enough resources here really for two lessons, including: -Visually engaging whole-lesson PowerPoint; -Story extracts x 4 (Harry Potter, Holes, etc.) -Learning Objective cut out; -Analytical Paragraphs Template; -Jigsaw method worksheet -Step-by-step lesson plan. All images are licensed for commercial use, and are cited on the final page of the slide.
Effective Questioning CPD Session!
TandLGuruTandLGuru

Effective Questioning CPD Session!

(3)
This CPD session offers an engaging and original approach to introducing or revisiting effective questioning. Grounded in educational research, this CPD session is interactive, well-structured, and has been successfully tried and tested. The aim of the CPD session is to develop the knowledge, skills, and strategies needed in order to utilise questioning even more effectively in lessons, and it achieves this by embarking upon the following learning journey: 1. Fully understanding the various reasons for questioning; 2. Gaining familiarity with the different types of effective questions (linking to Bloom's and higher/lower cognitive questioning); 3. Gaining an awareness of the most appropriate questions for different situations, topics, and students; 4. Identifying the commonly agreed strategies in educational research for effective questioning; 5, Planning effective questioning into our own teaching. Included in this pack are: Full PowerPoint presentation, a video for analysis, resources for CPD activities, a Bloom's helpsheet, instructions and guidance for trainers/ presenters. All images and videos are licensed for commercial use, and are cited on the final slide.
Animal Farm: Dictatorship
TandLGuruTandLGuru

Animal Farm: Dictatorship

(4)
These resources enable students to understand and analyse the characteristics of Napoleon’s dictatorship in George Orwell’s Animal Farm. In addition, students learn to make clear and accurate interpretations regarding the events of the chapters 5 and 6, (as Napoleon’s dictatorship begins to emerge) and make appropriate links to individual characters and their allegorical relationship to context. As these chapters signal the end of the animal democracy on the farm, and the start of Napoleon’s totalitarian dictatorship, a heavy emphasis throughout these resources is placed upon the character of Napoleon - particularly with regards to his similarities with Joseph Stalin. There are easily enough resources for two lessons within this pack. Students learn through the following tasks: - Gauging and collaborating prior knowledge through a discussion-based starter task; - Gauging their knowledge of key terms such as ‘totalitarian’ and ‘oppression’ through a collaborative card-sorting activity; - Reading chapters 5 and 6 and demonstrating their understanding through an apt and informative worksheet; - Developing their understanding of the main character of Snowball, and his allegorical equivalent, Joseph Stalin, through a comparison task; - Analysing the links between Napoleon and Stalin in chapters 5 and 6, using a templated writing frame; - Peer assessing their partners’ learning attempts. The following resources are provided: - Engaging and colourful step-by-step PowerPoint; - Cards for card-sorting activity; - Teacher lesson guidance/plan; - Analytical paragraphs worksheet; - Pictures for comparison task; - Copies of Chapters 5 and 6. All images are licensed for commercial use, and are cited on the final slide of the PowerPoint.
Animal Farm: The Rise of the Pigs!
TandLGuruTandLGuru

Animal Farm: The Rise of the Pigs!

(4)
These resources enable students to understand and analyse the rise of the pigs towards power in chapters 3 and 4 of George Orwell’s Animal Farm. More precisely, students learn to make clear and accurate interpretations about the emergence of the various characters as leaders on the farm, with appropriate links to individual characters and their allegorical relationship to context. Students learn through the following tasks: - Gauging and collaborating prior knowledge through a discussion-based starter task; - Reading chapters 3 and 4 and demonstrating their understanding through a related group quiz activity; - Developing their understanding of the changing nature of characters, and their allegorical ties, through a quotation retrieval mind mapping task; - Analysing the allegorical nature of the pigs, by further exploring their characteristics in relation to those of the communist Russian leaders of the early 20th century; - Peer assessing their partners’ learning attempts. The following resources are provided: - Engaging and colourful step-by-step PowerPoint - Teacher lesson guidance/plan; - Analytical paragraphs worksheet; - Mind-mapping activity template; - Copies of Chapters 3 and 4. All images are licensed for commercial use, and are cited on the final slide of the PowerPoint.
Year 2 Guided Reading Comprehension Activities Booklet! (Aligned with the New Curriculum)
TandLGuruTandLGuru

Year 2 Guided Reading Comprehension Activities Booklet! (Aligned with the New Curriculum)

(0)
Now with PDF version included! This resource booklet contains a wide range of age-appropriate, engaging, and meaningful comprehension activities for use in guided reading sessions. They are perfect for aiding the progress of children towards meeting the Year 2 expectations within the new National Curriculum framework. Children love learning from these resources, whilst they are also of great use to teachers, as there is explicit information within each task regarding which comprehension strands the task is designed to demonstrate. They are also generic enough to ensure that they are appropriate for use with all texts. Activities within the booklet include: - Word Witch - to enable students to demonstrate that they can: 'Spot when a word has been read wrongly by following the sense of text;' - Scary Stepping Stones - to enable students to demonstrate that they can: 'Enjoy reading and discussing the order of events in books and how items of information are related;' - Poets' Got Talent - to enable students to demonstrate that they can: 'Enjoy reading poems and know some by heart. Say what you like or don’t like about a poem;' - Story Mountain - to enable students to demonstrate that they can: 'Enjoy reading and discussing the order of events in books and how items of information are related.' Plus many, many more activities (the booklet is over 20 pages in length!) All images are licensed for commercial use, and are cited on a separate document (included.)
Animal Farm: Old Major's Dream and The Revolution!
TandLGuruTandLGuru

Animal Farm: Old Major's Dream and The Revolution!

(3)
These resources enable students to understand and analyse the Old Major’s dream and the events of the animal revolution, in the opening two chapters of George Orwell’s Animal Farm. More precisely, students learn to make clear and accurate interpretations about events and characters, with appropriate links to the Orwell’s allegory and relationship to context. Students learn through the following tasks: - Gauging and collaborating previous knowledge through a discussion-based starter task; - Reading the first two chapters and demonstrating their understanding through a related activity sheet; - Developing their understanding of characters and context through a a making links activity; - Analysing the allegorical nature of the opening chapters by further exploring the connections between characters and contexts; - Peer assessing their partners’ learning attempts. The following resources are provided: - Engaging and colourful step-by-step PowerPoint (includes links for video) - Teacher lesson guidance/plan; - Chapters 1 and 2 worksheet; - Making Links Activity Sheet (1x more difficult, 1 x easier); - Copies of Chapters 1 and 2. All images and videos are licensed for commercial use, and are cited on the final slide of the PowerPoint. Note - internet connection is needed if you plan to use the video.
Animal Farm: Context - The Russian Revolution
TandLGuruTandLGuru

Animal Farm: Context - The Russian Revolution

(5)
These resources enable students to understand the context of the Russian Revolution, the predominant subject of Orwell’s allegory within Animal Farm. More precisely, students learn about the key historical events and figures throughout this point in time in Russian history, and begin to comprehend Orwell’s intentions in writing the novella. These resources give students a strong foundation of knowledge which they can then utilise to begin confidently relating the text to its context. There are easily enough resources for at least two lessons within this resource pack. Students learn through the following tasks: - Gauging and collaborating previous knowledge through a discussion-based starter task; - Watching, listening, and demonstrating their understanding of an engaging and informative context video and related activity sheet; - Developing their understanding through in-depth investigative research into the main leaders of the Russian Revolution; - Writing a letter from the viewpoint of a member of the Russian working class, who has lived through the various regimes and revolutions. - Peer assessing their partners’ learning attempts. The following resources are provided: - Engaging and colourful step-by-step PowerPoint (includes links for video) - Teacher lesson guidance/plan; - Context worksheet; - Five investigative research templates: Stalin, Lenin, Trotsky, Marx, and The Secret Police. All images and videos are licensed for commercial use, and are cited on the final slide of the PowerPoint. Note - internet connection is needed for the video activity.
Writing about Emotions!
TandLGuruTandLGuru

Writing about Emotions!

(0)
This highly engaging and informative double lesson (around 1.5 to 2 hours of teaching materials) helps build students’ ability at using varied and imaginative techniques to describe emotions in their creative writing. Specifically, students learn how to create in-depth paragraphs detailing the emotional state of their narrator and characters, both implicitly and explicitly. I wrote this lesson because I noticed that there are an extremely high volume of students that approach creative writing tasks (even in their GCSEs) offering little depth or detail in terms of their characters emotions. Even though they have clearly learnt a number of writing techniques from their teachers, their emotional writing often merely explicitly states how a character feels, using the same four or five emotions. In this lesson, students learn: - To define what emotions are; - To understand and use the vast range of emotional vocabulary and synonyms available in the English language; - To investigate different emotions, including how they can manifest themselves; - To understand how emotions can be communicated utilising a range of descriptive devices; - To create an imaginative and emotionally-driven piece of creative writing; - To self-assess their creative writing attempts; Included are all worksheets, and detailed and visual PowerPoint presentation, which explains each concept clearly, and a lesson plan for teacher guidance.
World War 1 Poetry Bundle! (All the WWI Lessons, PowerPoints, Resources, and Lesson Plans!)
TandLGuruTandLGuru

World War 1 Poetry Bundle! (All the WWI Lessons, PowerPoints, Resources, and Lesson Plans!)

4 Resources
This engaging, varied, and informative bundle of lessons is designed to help students gain a valuable understanding of a range of WWI poetry. Each of the poems are widely studied, with many being from the Literary Heritage bank, and most being fixtures in examination board anthologies. They all deal with the destructive and horrific nature in different and original ways. Made up of a wide-range of interesting and exciting lessons, students should complete this scheme having gathered vital skills in: interpreting the significant meanings in poems, understanding the writer’s ideas within poems, understanding the social and historical context of World War 1, and analysing features of content, language, and structure. Stimulating, visual, and easily adaptable, these lessons provide suggested learning objectives and outcomes for students of a wide-range of abilities - The vast majority of tasks are differentiated to allow for different abilities and needs in your classroom. Each lesson loosely follows this logical learning journey to ensure that students learn in bite-size steps: - Engaging - Defining/ Understanding - Identifying/Remembering - Analysing/ Creating - Peer or self evaluating. All of the lessons are interactive, employ a variety of different teaching and learning methods and styles, and are visually-engaging. Resources, worksheets, and lesson plans are all provided for the following poems: -Bayonet Charge - Ted Hughes -Mametz Wood - Owen Sheers -Dulce et Decorum est - Wilfred Owen -The Falling Leaves - Margaret Postgate Cole In addition to this, the lesson on comparing poems is also included - essential for exam technique!
War/Conflict Poetry Big Lesson Bundle! (Whole lessons - all PowerPoints, resources, and lesson plans included!)
TandLGuruTandLGuru

War/Conflict Poetry Big Lesson Bundle! (Whole lessons - all PowerPoints, resources, and lesson plans included!)

11 Resources
This engaging, varied, and informative scheme of learning is designed to help students gain a valuable understanding of the content, language, and structure features of ten war/conflict poems. In addition to this, the lesson on comparing poems is also included - essential for exam technique! Each of the poems are widely studied, with many being from the Literary Heritage bank, and most being fixtures in examination board anthologies. Made up of a wide-range of interesting and exciting lessons, students should complete this scheme having gathered vital skills in: interpreting the significant meanings poems, understanding the writer’s ideas within poems, understanding the social and historical contexts of the different wars/conflicts, and analysing features of content, language, and structure. Stimulating, visual, and easily adaptable, these lessons provide suggested learning objectives and outcomes for students of a wide-range of abilities - The vast majority of tasks are differentiated to allow for different abilities and needs in your classroom. Each lesson loosely follows this logical learning journey to ensure that students learn in bite-size steps: - Engaging - Defining/ Understanding - Identifying/Remembering - Analysing/ Creating - Peer or self evaluating. All of the lessons are interactive, employ a variety of different teaching and learning methods and styles, and are visually-engaging. Resources, worksheets, and lesson plans are all provided.
Bayonet Charge - Ted Hughes - War/Conflict Poetry
TandLGuruTandLGuru

Bayonet Charge - Ted Hughes - War/Conflict Poetry

(0)
This lesson aims to improve students’ understanding of Ted Hughes’s message and imagery in the war poem ‘Bayonet Charge.’ By the end of the lesson, students demonstrate their knowledge of the text analytically, through assured, appropriate, and sustained interpretations of content, language, and structure. Students learn through a logical and step-by-step learning journey, including: -Understanding the context of the poem and defining the key terminology 'bayonet', 'over the top', 'trenches', and 'no-man's land'; -Understanding key information about the poet Ted Hughes; -Reading and interpreting the poem; -Interpreting the poem, with a particular emphasis upon how Hughes creates visual and auditory imagery; -Finding and analysing the language features used throughout the poem, and considering how these link to the poet's message; -Writing an extended analysis piece based upon how Hughes creates imagery in order to capture the soldier's horrifying final moments; -Peer assessing each other's learning attempts. Included is: - Whole lesson PowerPoint - colourful and substantial; - Copy of poem; - Interpretation worksheet (plus an answer sheet for teachers/CAs); - Analysis task template and success criteria for creating well-structured responses; - Comprehensive lesson plan. There are also opportunities for group learning, peer assessment, and whole class discussion. This was originally taught to middle-ability year 9/10 groups, but can easily be differentiated for groups of different ages and abilities. All images are licensed for commercial use, and image rights are listed on the last page of the presentation.
Mametz Wood - Owen Sheers - War/Conflict Poetry
TandLGuruTandLGuru

Mametz Wood - Owen Sheers - War/Conflict Poetry

(0)
This lesson aims to improve students’ understanding of Owen Sheers' key messages about war in the poem ‘Mametz Wood.’ By the end of the lesson, students demonstrate their knowledge of the text analytically, through assured, appropriate, and sustained interpretations of the content, language, and structure. Students learn through a logical and step-by-step learning journey, including: -Understanding the context of the poem and the horrific events that took place in the battle; -Understanding key information about Owen Sheers' life; -Reading and interpreting the poem; -Interpreting the poem, with a particular emphasis upon the language and structural features; -Finding and analysing the language features used throughout the poem, and considering how these link to the poet's message; -Writing an extended analysis piece based upon how Sheers gets across his message about war; -Peer assessing each other's learning attempts. Included is: - Whole lesson PowerPoint - colourful and substantial; (including hyperlinks to informative and engaging videos) - Copy of poem; - Language devices worksheet - Analysis template with success criteria for creating well-structured responses; - Comprehensive lesson plan. There are also opportunities for group learning, peer assessment, and whole class discussion. This was originally taught to middle-ability year 9/10 groups, but can easily be differentiated for groups of different ages and abilities. All images are licensed for commercial use, and image rights are listed on the last page of the presentation.
VCOP Bundle - All of the Lessons, Resources, and Plans!
TandLGuruTandLGuru

VCOP Bundle - All of the Lessons, Resources, and Plans!

4 Resources
Perfect for English lessons, or as part of a literacy across the curriculum scheme, the VCOP lessons aim to build students’ fundamental writing skills. Engaging, differentiated, and easily adaptable, these lessons aim to improve students’ skills at using varied and appropriate vocabulary, connectives, sentence openings, and punctuation. Each lesson follows a logical learning journey to ensure that students learn in bite-size steps: - Defining; - Identifying; - Analysing; - Creating; - Peer or self evaluating. All of the lessons are interactive, employ a variety of different teaching and learning methods and styles, and are visually-engaging. Resources, worksheets, and lesson plans are all provided.
next to of course god america i - E.E. Cummings - Literary Heritage Poetry
TandLGuruTandLGuru

next to of course god america i - E.E. Cummings - Literary Heritage Poetry

(0)
This lesson aims to build students’ understanding of E.E Cummings’ key messages in ‘next to of course god america i,’ with a particular focus upon the language and structure of the poem. By the end of the lesson, students demonstrate their knowledge of the text analytically, through assured, appropriate, and sustained interpretations. Students learn through a logical and step-by-step learning journey, including: -Defining the key term 'patriotism' and considering its pros and cons; -Understanding key information about E.E Cummings' life; -Reading and interpreting the poem; -Investigating the structural make-up of the poem, and considering how this links to the poet's message; -Identifying the language features used throughout the poem, and considering how these link to the poet's message; -Analysing how language and structure create meaning through the poem; -Peer assessing each others' learning attempts. Included is: - Whole lesson PowerPoint - colourful and substantial; (including hyperlinks to informative and engaging videos) - Copy of poem; - Structure key questions task (answers on the PowerPoint); - Analysis template with success criteria for creating well-structured responses; - Comprehensive lesson plan. There are also opportunities for group learning, peer assessment, and whole class discussion. This was originally taught to middle-ability year 9/10 groups, but can easily be differentiated for groups of different ages and abilities. All images are licensed for commercial use, and image rights are listed on the last page of the presentation.
Macbeth: Lesson Bundle! (All Lessons, Plans, Resources, Everything!)
TandLGuruTandLGuru

Macbeth: Lesson Bundle! (All Lessons, Plans, Resources, Everything!)

9 Resources
This engaging, varied, and informative scheme of learning is designed to help students gain understanding, assessment skills, and key interpretations of William Shakespeare's tragedy 'Macbeth.' Made up of a wide-range of interesting and exciting lessons, students should complete this scheme having gathered vital skills in: interpreting the significant meanings of the text, understanding the writer's ideas within the text, identifying the traits of key characters, settings, and themes, understanding dramatic and language devices, and relating the text to its social and historical context. Stimulating, visual, and easily adaptable, these lessons provide suggested learning objectives and outcomes for students of a wide-range of abilities - The vast majority of tasks are differentiated to allow for different abilities and needs in your classroom. Each lesson loosely follows this logical learning journey to ensure that students learn in bite-size steps: - Engaging - Defining/ Understanding - Identifying/Remembering - Analysing/ Creating - Peer or self evaluating. All of the lessons are interactive, employ a variety of different teaching and learning methods and styles, and are visually-engaging. Resources, worksheets, and lesson plans are all provided, in addition to a fun Pointless game!
Macbeth: The Demise of Macbeth - Ambition, Power, and Fate
TandLGuruTandLGuru

Macbeth: The Demise of Macbeth - Ambition, Power, and Fate

(1)
This lesson aims to improve students’ understanding of the key themes throughout William Shakespeare’s ‘Macbeth:’ ambition, power, and fate. In particular, students learn how the combination of these three ideas contribute to Macbeth’s eventual downfall, whilst drawing on their analytical reading skills to understand how the themes interweave with the plot throughout the play. The lesson utilises a range of tasks, that require students to be visual and interactive learners. It follows this learning journey: - Defining the key terms ‘fate’ and ‘free will’, and establishing their relevance within the play; - Reading and interpreting Act 5 Scene 8, and establishing how Macbeth’s death was set in motion long before the battlefield; - Mapping Macbeth’s demise, from his early success as a brave and respected warrior, to his death as a tyrant king; - Understanding and analysing how the key themes of ambition, power, and his belief in fate contributed to his downfall; - Peer/self evaluating the learning in the lesson. Included in this resource pack are: - A well-presented, thorough, and informative, whole-lesson PowerPoint presentation; - Resources for the reading and interpreting activity - full scene transcript with space for notes; - A template and instructions for the ‘Mood Mapping’ task; - A template to help scaffold the main task, complete with P.E.E instructions; - A comprehensive teacher guidance form/lesson plan to assist delivery. All images in this resource are licensed for commercial use, and are cited on the final slide of the lesson presentation.
Macbeth: Shakespeare's Figurative Language!
TandLGuruTandLGuru

Macbeth: Shakespeare's Figurative Language!

(2)
This interesting and stimulating lesson aims to improve students’ understanding of Shakespeare’s use of figurative language in Macbeth, focusing particularly on similes, metaphors, personification, hyperbole, and euphemisms. Students learn to analyse the intended effect of these devices through a close-reading and interpretation of Act 5 Scene 1: The sleepwalking scene involving Lady Macbeth. The lesson utilises a range of tasks, that require students to be visual and interactive learners. It follows this learning journey: - Defining the key term ‘figurative language’ and establishing its importance as a literary technique; - Defining and exemplifying each of the key terms ‘simile, metaphor, personification, hyperbole, and euphemisms through collaborative group opportunities; - Understanding how and why figurative language is used to add depth to writers’ ideas; - Reading and interpreting Act 5 Scene 1, and establishing how figurative language impacts upon the scene; - Reflecting upon why this may/ what effect this may have had on audiences at the time; - Summarising the events of the scene; - Peer/self evaluating the learning in the lesson. Included in this resource pack are: - A well-presented, thorough, and informative, whole-lesson PowerPoint presentation; - Resources for the reading and interpreting activity - full scene transcript with space for notes; - A template to help scaffold the main task, complete with P.E.E instructions; - Cards for the card sorting group activity - A comprehensive teacher guidance form/lesson plan to assist delivery. All images in this resource are licensed for commercial use, and are cited on the final slide of the lesson presentation.