I provide high quality, tried and tested materials, developed over 17 years of teaching KS3-5. There is material to support G3/4 students as well as material to push for G8 and G9s.
I provide high quality, tried and tested materials, developed over 17 years of teaching KS3-5. There is material to support G3/4 students as well as material to push for G8 and G9s.
This unit contains everything you need to teach Paper 1 reading at IGCSE. This unit of work teaches the students how to answer questions on the writer’s thoughts and feelings, describing events, perspective and writer’s use of language and structure . It includes 16 lessons and is fully resourced with lesson PowerPoints, newspaper articles, speeches, autobiographies, travel writing and two past papers for practice.
Lesson 1: Introduction to non-fiction reading
Lesson 2: Perspective
Lesson 3: Thoughts and feelings
Lesson 4: Perspective
Lesson 5: Gervase Finn
Lesson 6: Language
Lesson 7: Structure
Lesson 8: Thoughts and feelings
Lesson 9: Language and structure
Lesson 10: Perspective
Lesson 11: Boomers vs Millennials
Lesson 12: Analysing JFK’s speech
Lesson 13: Leonardo DiCaprio’s UN Speech
Lesson 14: Muhammad Ali’s speech
Lesson 15: Malala Yousafzai’s speech
Lesson 16: Emma Watson’s speech on equality
This unit contains everything you need to teach Midsummer Night’s Dream at KS4. It is focused on essay writing skills, analyzing extracts for English Literature and bringing the play to life. It includes over 25 lessons and is fully resourced with lesson powerpoints, contextual information, exemplar essays, interactive resources, quizzes, activities to exploit drama, extract analysis and opportunities for online research. Page numbers refer to the Cambridge Shakespeare edition.
Each lesson is focused on a scene from the play, so you can easily cut this unit down to focus specifically on a key scene and a theme from the play.
Lesson 1: Context
Lesson 2: Online research
Lesson 3: The Globe
Lesson 4: Character research
Lesson 5: Language
Lesson 6: Plot and characters
Lesson 7: Act out the play
Lesson 8: A1S1 Theseus and Hippolyta
Lesson 9: A1S2 The Mechanicals
Lesson 10: A2S1 Puck
Lesson 11: A2S1 Oberon and Titania
Lesson 12: A2S1 Demetrius and Hermia
Lesson 13: Language
Lesson 14: A2S2 The love potion
Lesson 15: A3S1 The rehearsal
Lesson 16: A3S1 Bottom and Titania
Lesson 17: A3S2 Oberon and Puck
Lesson 18: A3S2 The lovers
Lesson 19: A3S2 Young love
Lesson 20: A4S1 Bottom
Lesson 21: A4S1 Explanations
Lesson 22: A5S1 The play
Lesson 23 A5S1 The end
Lesson 24: Blockbusters review game
Lesson 25: Revision cards
This unit is a great way to teach summary, language and perspective skills at KS4. It is focused on AQA English Language GCSE Paper 2. It prepares students for Q2 summarise the differences, Q3 writer’s use of language and Q4 perspective and point of view. It includes 24 lessons and is fully resourced with lesson powerpoints, exemplar answers, online research and historical articles . Page numbers refer to the Arrow Books edition.
Lesson 1: Context research online
Lesson 2: C1 Maycomb County
Lesson 3: C2 Education
Lesson 4: C2 Analysing Miss Caroline
Lesson 5: C3 Comparing Atticus’ and Scout’s point of view
Lesson 6: The Case of Ruby Bridges
Lesson 7: C4 Analysing Atticus Finch
Lesson 8: C5 Analysing Miss Maudie Atkinson
Lesson 9: C6 Building tension
Lesson 10: C7 Scout’s understanding of the world
Lesson 11: C8 The Fire
Lesson 12 C10 The Rabid Dog
Lesson 13: Analysing Miss Dubose
Lesson 14: C12 Race relations
Lesson 15: C13 Comparing Aunt Alex with Ms Dubose
Lesson 16: C15 The Lynch Mob
Lesson 17: C16-21 Summarising the trial
Lesson 18: C21 The Verdict
Lesson 19: C23 Comparing Bob and Atticus
Lesson 20: C24 Analysing the Missionary Ladies
Lesson 21: C25 Racism and Prejudice
Lesson 22: C28 The Attack on Jem and Scout
Lesson 23: C29 The Aftermath and Boo Radley
Lesson 24: C31 The Ending
This unit contains everything you need to teach the Love and Relationships anthology and will save you hours of preparation! It is focused on AQA Paper 2 for English Literature. It includes 23 lessons and is fully resourced with lesson powerpoints, examplar essays, past papers, introduction examples, mark schemes, quizzes and opportunities for self-assessment. It is extremely thorough and allows the students multiple points for reflection to ensure they are confident of which poems to compare on which themes when they sit their GCSE English Literature.
Lesson 1: An introduction to poetry
Lesson 2: Poetic techniques
Lesson 3: Scansion: rhythm, rhyme and meter
Lesson 4: When We Two Parted by Lord Byron
Lesson 5:Love’s Philosophy by Percy Shelly
Lesson 6: Porphyria’s Lover by Robert Browning
Lesson 7: Sonnet 29 by Elizabeth Browning
Lesson 8: Neutral Tones by Thomas Hardy
Lesson 9: Letters from Yorkshire by Maura Dooley
Lesson 10: Quote quiz
Lesson 11: The Farmer’s Bride by Charlotte Mew
Lesson 12: Comparing Farmer’s Bride with Porphyria’s Lover
Lesson 13: Walking Away by Cecil Day-Lewis
Lesson 14: Eden Rock by Charles Causley
Lesson 15: Comparing Walking Away and Eden Rock
Lesson 16: Follower by Seamus Heaney
Lesson 17: Mother any distance by Simon Armitage
Lesson 18: Before You Were Mine by Carol Ann Duffy
Lesson 19: Comparing Before You Were Mine and Walking Away
Lesson 20: Winter Swans by Owen Sheers
Lesson 21: Singh Song! by Daljit Nagra
Lesson 22: Climbing My Grandfather by Andrew Waterhouse
Lesson 23: Which poems compare well
This unit of work has been designed to support students who are preparing for their AQA individual speaking and listening presentation. There are 12 lessons which take students through the brainstorming, structure, planning, writing and speaking stage. There is an emphasis on stress and intonation so students speak naturally, use sophisticated language and access the ‘distinction’ band.
Lesson 1: An introduction to public speaking
Lesson 2: How to grade a speech: pass, merit or distinction?
Lesson 3: How to plan your speech
Lesson 4: Online research
Lesson 5: How to write an introduction
Lesson 6: How to write the main body of the speech
Lesson 7: Editing the main body of the speech
Lesson 8: How to end with a BANG!
Lesson 9: Using body language, stress and intonation
Lesson 10: Using cue cards
Lesson 11: Practising and giving peer to peer feedback
Lesson 12: Delivering your speech to the class
This unit is a great introduction to poetry from English speaking countries around the world. It includes 21 lessons and is fully resourced with lesson PowerPoints, exemplar essays, past papers, mark schemes, quizzes and opportunities for self-assessment. It is focused on poetry skills, as well as comparing themes between two poems. The final assessment asks the students to compare cultural divisions in Nothing’s Changed and Two Scavengers in a Truck.
Lesson 1: Poetic techniques
Lesson 2: Cultural context
Lesson 3: Limbo by Edward Kamu Brathwaite
Lesson 4: The Night of the Scorpion by Nissim Ezekiel
Lesson 5: Island Man by Grace Nichols
Lesson 6: Comparing Limbo and Night of the Scorpion
Lesson 7: Blessing by Imtiaz Dharker
Lesson 8: Nothing’s Changed by Tatamkhulu Afrika
Lesson 9: Two Scavengers in a Truck by Lawrence Ferlinghetti
Lesson 10: Comparing Nothing’s Changed and Two Scavengers
Lesson 11: Assesment Feedback
Lesson 12: Vietnam War context
Lesson 13: What Were They Like? by Denise Levertov
Lesson 14: Vultures by Chinua Achebe
Lesson 15: Comparing Vultures and What Were They Like?
Lesson 16: Mid term quiz
Lesson 17: Search for my Tongue by Sujatta Bahat
Lesson 18: Presents from my Aunts by Moniza Alvi
Lesson 19: Comparing Presents and Search
Lesson 20: Half Caste by John Agard
Lesson 21: End of unit quiz
Everything you need to revise Streetcar at KS5. This unit includes 12 revision lessons and is fully resourced with lesson powerpoints, contextual information, exemplar essays, extracts and critical articles. The lessons cover character and theme questions. Page numbers refer to the Penguin Modern Classics edition. This unit of work has been designed for the AQA A-level, but is adaptable to fit other exam board specifications.
Lesson 1: The American South
Lesson 2: Tragedy as a genre
Lesson 3: Structure of the scenes
Lesson 4: Style and idiolect
Lesson 5: betrayal and desire
Lesson 6: social class
Lesson 7: Stella
Lesson 8: men and women
Lesson 9: Stella and Stan
Lesson 10: Steve and Eunice
Lesson 11: Belle Reve
Lesson 12: Gone With The Wind
This scheme of work contains everything you need to teach Descriptive Writing at KS4. This unit of work is focused on AQA Paper 1 for English language. It includes 18 lessons and is fully resourced with lesson ppts, exemplar essays, IWB interactive resources, quizzes, activities to exploit drama, fiction extracts and opportunities to exploit online research. It focuses on tense changes, structure, linking paragraphs, grammar and different approaches to tacking the question.
Lesson 1: Using ‘On The Road’ to describe a desert
Lesson 2: How to create characters with depth
Lesson 3: Describing a beach with sophisticated language
Lesson 4: Describing place in ‘Lord of the Rings’
Lesson 5: Describing a funfair with a focus on structure
Lesson 6: Writing ‘An Ode to Christmas’
Lesson 7: Changing Narration to Description
Lesson 8: Sustain, develop and contrast your paragraphs
Lesson 9: Focus on grammar
Lesson 10: Using metaphors to describe a school canteen
Lesson 11: Describing a playground with a focus on language
Lesson 12: Describing an old person with originality
Lesson 13: How to choose a question
Lesson 14: Describing a mansion with flashbacks
Lesson 15: Describing Paris through ‘Perfume’
Lesson 16: Describing a market with ‘Game of Thrones’
Lesson 17: Vocabulary Challenge
Lesson 18: Focus on punctuation
This unit contains everything you need to teach non-fiction writing (letters, speeches, articles, essays, reviews and leaflets) at KS4. This unit of work is focused on AQA Paper 1 for English language and teaches the students how to argue, advise and persuade. It includes 23 lessons and is fully resourced with lesson Powerpoints, exemplar answers, newspaper articles, leaflets, essays and speeches.
Lesson 1: Introduction to transactional writing
Lesson 2: Coronavirus response
Lesson 3: How to counter-argue
Lesson 4: Tough love
Lesson 5: Raising children
Lesson 6: Travel Writing
Lesson 7: Charity speech
Lesson 8: Letter of application
Lesson 9: Write your letter of application
Lesson 10: Technology
Lesson 11: Fame
Lesson 12: English teacher application
Lesson 13: Health leaflet
Lesson 14: Mobile phones
Lesson 15: Parents are over-protective
Lesson 16: Who would you vote for?
Lesson 17: Film censorship essay
Lesson 18: Writing your essay
Lesson 19: Protecting the countryside
Lesson 20: Virgin Atlantic complaint letter
Lesson 21: Meghan and Harry
Lesson 22: Writing your opinion
Lesson 23: Foreign holidays
This scheme of work contains everything you need to teach Narrative Writing at KS4 and will save you hours of preparation! It is focused on AQA Paper 1 for English language but can easily be adapted for other purposes. It includes 23 lessons and is fully resourced with lesson ppts, short stories and extracts, IWB interactive resources, quizzes and activities to exploit drama. Each lesson targets a different area of the mark scheme for the students to master.
Lesson 1: An introduction into narrative writing with ‘On the Road’
Lesson 2: How to structure a story using a story mountain
Lesson 3: How to write an effective opening
Lesson 4: Using connectives
Lesson 5: Creating characters with depth
Lesson 6: Writing about a party
Lesson 7: Focus on punctuation in ‘The Hero’
Lesson 8: Avoiding cliche in “The 100% perfect girl”
Lesson 9: Using dialogue
Lesson 10: Multiple narrative voices in “Not My Best Side”
Lesson 11: Writing a story using a unique voice
Lesson 12: Structure in ‘The Fugitive’
Lesson 13: A Day in the Life of a Nobody
Lesson 14: Writing a personal response
Lesson 15: Creating titles
Lesson 16: Expanding and planning
Lesson 17: Topic sentences
Lesson 18: Openings and endings
Lesson 19: Endings
Lesson 20: Narratives and dialogue
Lesson 21: Opening lines
Lesson 22: Creating a sense of place
Lesson 23: Show don’t tell
This unit contains everything you need to teach Jekyll and Hyde at KS4 and will save your hours of preparation! It is focused on AQA Paper 1 for English Literature. It includes 21 lessons and is fully resourced with lesson powerpoints, contextual information, exemplar essays, interactive resources, quizzes, activities to exploit drama, extracts and opportunities for online research.
Lesson 1: The importance of context
Lesson 2: An introduction to Jekyll and Hyde
Lesson 3: Victorian Britain
Lesson 4: Acting out the plot
Lesson 5: The importance of the opening
Lesson 6: Impressions of Mr Hyde
Lesson 7: Exploring Mr Utterson
Lesson 8: How the writer creates mood and atmosphere
Lesson 9: Mr Utterson’s Dream
Lesson 10: Analyzing Jekyll’s state of mind
Lesson 11: Comparing Hyde and Jack the Ripper
Lesson 12: The murder of Danvers Carew
Lesson 13: Good and Evil
Lesson 14: Symbolism
Lesson 15: The two sides of Mr Utterson
Lesson 16: Repression
Lesson 17: Society
Lesson 18: Narrative viewpoint
Lesson 19: The ending
Lesson 20: The structure of the novel
Lesson 21: Comic strip revision
This unit is a great way to teach AQA GCSE English Language Paper 1 . This unit of work is focused on Heroes by Robert Cormier. The students are given repeated practice of questions 1-4 through a literature text. The main focus is Q2 writer’s use of language, Q3 writer’s use of structure and Q4 evaluation of a statement. It includes 23 lessons and is fully resourced with lesson powerpoints, exemplar answers, quizzes, extracts and opportunities to exploit online research. This would suit a lower group who are aiming for G4 G5 or G6. Page numbers refer to the Puffin Books Edition.
Lesson 1: WW2 context and Frenchtown
Lesson 2: Writer’s use of language with Francis Cassavant
Lesson 3: Using flashbacks
Lesson 4: Evaluating how the writer uses flashbacks
Lesson 5: Structure in Francis’ memories
Lesson 6: Language to describe WW2 veterans
Lesson 7: Describing the Rec Centre
Lesson 8: Language to describe Larry LaSalle
Lesson 9: Mood and atmosphere
Lesson 10: Language to describe a sports story
Lesson 11: Flashbacks and memories
Lesson 12: The effect of Pearl Harbour
Lesson 13: Creating expectation
Lesson 14: Writer’s use of contrast
Lesson 15: Evaluating Larry LaSalle
Lesson 16: Creating sympathy for Francis
Lesson 17: Writer’s use of grammar
Lesson 18: Planning a story
Lesson 19: Structure in chapter 14
Lesson 20: Language in chapter 14
Lesson 21: Creative Writing
Lesson 22: The Ending
Lesson 23: Evaluating the ending
Everything you need to teach Unseen Poetry at KS4. This unit of work is focused on AQA Paper 2 for English Literature. It includes 19 lessons and is fully resourced with lesson powerpoints, contextual information, exemplar material, IWB interactive resources, quizzes, activities to exploit drama and performing poems.
Lesson 1: An introduction to unseen poetry
Lesson 2: Poetic techniques
Lesson 3: Rhyme, rhythm and meter
Lesson 4: Reviewing poetic techniques
Lesson 5: Mother any distance by Simon Armitage
Lesson 6: Before You Were Mine by Carol Ann Duffy
Lesson 7: Comparing family relationships
Lesson 8: Anne Hathaway
Lesson 9: Miss Havisham
Lesson 10: Comparing marriage
Lesson 11: Mid point assessment
Lesson 12: On My First Sonne by Ben Jonson
Lesson 13: Mid Term Break by Seamus Heaney
Lesson 14: Autumn by Alan Bold
Lesson 15: Comparing Autumn and Today
Lesson 16: Blessing by Imtiaz Dharker
Lesson 17: Island Man by Grace Nichols
Lesson 18: Comparing Blessing and Island Man
Lesson 19: What is Pink? by Christina Rossetti
This unit contains everything you need to teach Of Mice and Men and will save you hours of planning time! This unit of work is focused on preparing students for their GCSE exam, but it could also be modified for Year 9. It includes 20 lessons and is fully resourced with lesson PowerPoints, exemplar material, IWB interactive resources, quizzes, extracts, contextual information and opportunities for online research. Page numbers refer to the Faber and Faber edition.
Lesson 1: The American Dream
Lesson 2: The Opening
Lesson 3: Context Game
Lesson 4: The relationship between George and Lennie
Lesson 5: Dreams
Lesson 6: Chapter 1 review
Lesson 7: The Ranch
Lesson 8: Slim, Curley, Crooks and Curley’s Wife
Lesson 9: Film review of chapters 1-2
Lesson 10: Character relationships
Lesson 11: The shooting of Candy’s dog
Lesson 12: How the dream has evolved
Lesson 13: Structure and the fight
Lesson 14: Crooks and racism
Lesson 15: Isolation
Lesson 16: Chapter review 3-4
Lesson 17: Mood and atmosphere
Lesson 18: Appearance and reality
Lesson 19: Curley’s Wife
Lesson 20: Lennie’s death
Lesson 21: Building atmosphere
Lesson 22: Lennie
This unit is a great way to teach language, structure and evaluation skills at KS4. It is focused on AQA English Language GCSE Paper 1. It prepares students for Q2 writer’s use of language, Q3 writer’s use of structure, Q4 statement evaluation and Q5 descriptive writing. It includes 20 lessons and is fully resourced with lesson powerpoints, exemplar material, IWB interactive resources, quizzes, extracts and opportunities for online research. Page numbers refer to the Faber and Faber edition.
Lesson 1: The American Dream
Lesson 2: How does Steinbeck use language to set the scene?
Lesson 3: Creative Writing and marking
Lesson 4: How Steinbeck creates characters
Lesson 5: Structure in Chapter 1
Lesson 6: How to use semi colons
Lesson 7: Writer’s use of language
Lesson 8: Creative Writing
Lesson 9: Using flashbacks and past tenses
Lesson 10: The structure of Chapter 3
Lesson 11: Evaluating George and Lennie’s dream
Lesson 12: Writing a Q4 answer
Lesson 13: Structure in the fight scene
Lesson 14: Using language to describe Crooks’ room
Lesson 15: Evaluating Curley’s Wife’s character
Lesson 16: Mood and atmosphere
Lesson 17: Appearance and reality
Lesson 18: Building tension at the end
Lesson 19: Planning your creative writing
Lesson 20: Writing a G9 answer
This unit is a great way to teach language, structure and evaluation skills at KS4. It is focused on AQA English Language GCSE Paper 1. It prepares students for Q2 writer’s use of language, Q3 writer’s use of structure, Q4 statement evaluation and Q5 descriptive writing. It includes 26 lessons and is fully resourced with lesson powerpoints, exemplar material, IWB interactive resources, quizzes, extracts and opportunities for online research. Page numbers refer to the Faber and Faber edition. It is best used with a high ability set aiming for G6 to G9.
Lesson 1: An introduction to Lord of the Flies
Lesson 2: William Golding and rules
Lesson 3: How Golding describes characters
Lesson 4: Describing the island
Lesson 5: Jack evaluation question
Lesson 6: Creative Writing
Lesson 7: How Golding uses language to describe Jack
Lesson 8: Language to describe the mask
Lesson 9: Mood and atmosphere on the hunt
Lesson 10: Order and chaos
Lesson 11: Evaluation of the boys
Lesson 12-13: Group behaviour
Lesson 14: The Beast
Lesson 15: Describing a person
Lesson 16: Exploring the island
Lesson 17: Creative writing
Lesson 18: Evaluating the impact of the beast
Lesson 19: Human nature
Lesson 20: Jack’s tribe
Lesson 21: Golding’s use pathetic fallacy
Lesson 22: Symbolism
Lesson 23: Writer’s use of structure
Lesson 24: Evaluating the death of Piggy
Lesson 25: The message of the novel
Lesson 26: Building tension and expectation
This unit contains everything you need to teach Lord of the Flies at KS4 and will save you hours of preparation time. It includes 24 lessons and is fully resourced with lesson powerpoints, contextual information, exemplar essays, IWB interactive resources, quizzes, activities to exploit drama, extracts and opportunities for online research. Page numbers refer to the Orange Faber and Faber edition with an introduction by Ian Gregor.
Lesson 1: An introduction to Lord of the Flies
Lesson 2: William Golding’s message
Lesson 3: Leadership
Lesson 4: The island as a symbol
Lesson 5: Jack as a dictator
Lesson 6: The frailty of society
Lesson 7: Civilization and the mask
Lesson 8: Roger as an enforcer
Lesson 9: Order and Chaos
Lesson 10: The significance of the beast
Lesson 11: Chapters review quiz
Lesson 12: Group behaviour
Lesson 13: Creative Writing
Lesson 14: Marking and improving your writing
Lesson 15: How and why Ralph changes
Lesson 16: The power struggle
Lesson 17: The beast and human nature
Lesson 18: The fall of society
Lesson 19: Symbolism
Lesson 20: The British Empire
Lesson 21: Savagery
Lesson 22: The importance of hunting
Lesson 23: The message of the novel
Lesson 24: How Golding builds tension
If you are teaching Frankenstein, this unit contains everything you need to allow students to connect an 19th century Romantic novel with the great issues of today, such as the environment, artificial intelligence and what makes us human.
This unit has everything you need to teach Frankenstein at KS4. It contains over 25 lessons that take you through the text chapter by chapter. It is fully resourced with context readings, theme discussions, chapter analysis, persuasive writing opportunities, online research on The Romantics, example essays, critical articles and opportunities to practice extract into essay writing. The page numbers refer to the Penguin Classics edition.
Lesson 1: an introduction to the themes of Frankenstein
Lesson 2: context: grave robbers, Gothic horror and Mary Shelley
Lesson 3: the Epistolary opening
Lesson 4: Victor and Elizabeth as character foils
Lesson 5: good and evil in Frankenstein
Lesson 6: foreshadowing
Lesson 7: the importance of setting
Lesson 8: the creature comes to life!
Lesson 9: extract analysis
Lesson 10: the role of women in Frankenstein
Lesson 11: the psychology of child killers
Lesson 12: acting out Justine’s trial
Lesson 13: the Gothic and the Romantic
Lesson 14: Romantic poet research
Lesson 15: Romanticism on the ice field
Lesson 16: the importance of parenting
Lesson 17: education and influences
Lesson 18: serial killers
Lesson 19: appearance vs reality
Lesson 20: revenge
Lesson 21: revolting monsters
Lesson 22: comparing Victor and his creature
Lesson 23: the dangers of science
Lesson 24: who is the real monster?
Lesson 25: the trial of Victor Frankenstein
Everything you need to revise Lord of the Flies at KS4. This unit includes 17 revision lessons and is fully resourced with lesson powerpoints, contextual information, exemplar essays, extracts and critical articles. The lessons cover character and theme questions. This unit of work has been designed for the AQA GCSE, but is adaptable to fit other exam board specifications.
Lesson 1: Jack
Lesson 2: Ralph
Lesson 3: The Beast
Lesson 4: Essay planning
Lesson 5: Symbols
Lesson 6: Simon
Lesson 7: Essay question planning
Lesson 8: Exam overview
Lesson 9: The fire
Lesson 10: The extract question
Lesson 11: Assemblies
Lesson 12: Jack extract
Lesson 13: Group presentations
Lesson 14: Piggy
Lesson 15: Revision cards
Lesson 16: Final revision
Lesson 17: Character overview
Everything you need to revise Macbeth at KS4. This unit includes 10 revision lessons and is fully resourced with lesson powerpoints, contextual information, exemplar essays, extracts and critical articles. The lessons cover character and theme questions. Page numbers refer to the Cambridge Shakespeare edition. This unit of work has been designed for the AQA GCSE, but is adaptable to fit other exam board specifications.
Lesson 1: Plot review
Lesson 2: Macbeth’s changes
Lesson 3: Lady Macbeth debate
Lesson 4: Quote bank for exams
Lesson 5: Evaluating Lady Macbeth in A2S2
Lesson 6: Macbeth as the tragic hero
Lesson 7: Exam revision
Lesson 8: How to remember key quotes
Lesson 9: Shakespeare’s use of soliloquys
Lesson 10: Extract analysis