Many learners find it challenging to wrap their head around the effect of changing concentration, pressure and temperature as well as addition of catalyst on an equilibrium reaction. Le Chatelier’s principle is used to explain the effect of the changes. This handout consists of: File #1 Le Chatelier’s Principle.pdf This file can be given to learners as homework or as in-class exercise to be discussed in a group. The file contains fill-in-the-blank part throughout the file. File #2 Le Chatelier’s Principle Solution.pdf This file contains answers to all the fill-in-the-blank parts on the other file. Instructor can use this to lead learners during class discussion or at the end of the group activity when going through the answers together with the entire class.

The qualitative analysis of organic functional groups can be daunting for a lot of students because of the sheer number of observations and reagents they are required to memorize. The Organic Qualitative Analysis (OQA) is a high resolution MIND MAP tool that summarizes all reagents (2,4-DNPH, Tollens', Fehling's, etc) used to determine the following functional groups: Alcohol Aldehyde Ketone Methyl ketone Methyl alcohol OQA also includes observable reactions involving phenol, phenylamine, acyl chloride and methanoic acid. OQA is designed not only to help students to memorize the reagents and observations, but also to aid them in avoiding common pitfalls e.g. reaction of 2,4-DNPH and ester will not happen, but many students make the mistake of thinking it will happen. OQA gives a clear and succinct picture of the qualitative analysis tests and how they are related. OQA is also a great tool for self-revision for the students and for the teachers to wrap up the organic component of the syllabus OQA contains: 1) A high resolution completed MIND MAP - teachers can use this as a reference to plan their class. 2) A high resolution blank MIND MAP - students can print this and update it accordingly as they learn the qualitative analysis tests. It can also be used in class activity. Teachers can also use this as an assessment to test students’ understanding of the reaction. Recommended page size: A3

Many students find the organic chemistry difficult due to the sheer number of reactions. Furthermore, these reactions are interconnected with each other. The Organic Chemistry Spider Web (OCS) is a high quality resource to help students visualize how all these reactions are connected to each other. OCS can be used as a resource for activity in class, homework and review session. For example, a teacher can use it to explain to the students how to synthesize a pentanoic acid starting from a pentane. OCS gives a clear and succinct picture of the reactions involved in their syllabus. OCS is also a great tool for self-revision for the students. What are in the OCS: 1) Complete reactions with the reaction conditions - teachers can use this as a reference to plan their class. 2) Blank OCS - students can print this and update it accordingly as they learn the reactions. It can also be used in class activity. Recommended paper size: A3 (297 x 420 mm).

Students are often confused on how to utilize the list of reduction potential given to them. A lot of the time, they are unable to effectively use the reduction potential to determine which of the reactants is the oxidizing agent and which one is the reducing agent. Enter the REDOX Decision Tree (RDT). This resource is FREE and designed to aid students on how to utilize the reduction potential in determining the stronger oxidizing or reducing agent. RDT consists of a blank decision tree and example question as well as the filled page. An instructor can give the blank page and use the filled page as a reference while going through it in class. RDT is included in the COMPLETE ELECTROCHEMISTRY HANDOUT to assist any chemistry instructor in teaching the electrochemistry component of the chemistry syllabus.

Electrochemistry is a concept in chemistry that can be frustratingly confusing for many students. The common mistakes include, but not limited to wrong determination of cathode and anode, incorrect use of reduction potential and incorrect calculation of the electrochemical cell potential. The Complete Electrochemistry Handout (CEH) is specially written and designed to assist students in understanding the electrochemistry concept better while avoiding the common mistakes listed above. CEH features COLOURED DIAGRAM, REDOX DECISION TREE, succinct explanations and multiple EXERCISE QUESTIONS to enforce the concepts. CEH is also great as a revision material for students. CEH consists of two files: 1) Blank CEH - instructor can give a copy to their students in a lesson and go through the handout with them. The questions in CEH can be given to the students as homework or in-class exercise to further enforce the concept learnt. 2) Filled CEH - instructor can use this as a reference while going through the CEH in class with their students. Instructor can also give this to the students as a solution. CEH features the following concepts: 1) Half-cell and cathode/anode 2) Determination of electrochemical cell 3) Utilization of reduction potential 4) Voltaic vs electrolytic cells 5) REDOX Decision Tree - determination of reducing and oxidizing power 6) Nernt’s equation and its use

The qualitative analysis of organic functional groups can be daunting for a lot of students because of the sheer number of observations and reagents they are required to memorize. The Organic Qualitative Analysis (OQA) is a high resolution MIND MAP tool that summarizes observable reactions e.g. addition of bromine to phenol results in a white ppt. OQA contains: 1) A completed MIND MAP - teachers can use this as a reference to plan their class. 2) Blank MIND MAP - students can print this and update it accordingly as they learn the qualitative analysis tests. It can also be used in class activity. Teachers can also use this as an assessment to test students’ understanding of the reaction. The paid version contains quite a lot more observable reactions that include functional groups such as ketone, aldehyde, methyl ketone and methyl alcohol.

Dehydration of alcohol and esterification can potentially be confusing for students. This resource is intended to aid the students’ understanding of the reaction mechanism using COLOUR-CODED molecular structure diagrams. This resource will also help students to enforce the concepts by doing the exercise questions provided. This resource can be used as a hand-out in class, assigned as a homework or given as a short quiz. This resource consist of: 1) A blank COLOUR-CODED diagrams to assist the students to quickly understand the dehydration of alcohol and esterification reactions. 2) Questions to enforce students’ understanding of the dehydration of alcohol and esterification reactions. 3) A solution to the COLOUR-CODED diagrams and questions. An instructor can use this for their reference or to prepare for the lesson. Resources are available in PDF and Pages files.

The skill to pipette solution accurately is critical for chemistry learners to obtain an accurate experimental result in any laboratory work and assessment. The ability to pipette is part of the requirement for the Cambridge Assessment International Education (CAIE) syllabus (9701). Paper 3 - Advanced Practical Skill sanctioned by CAIE regularly tests this skill. Thus, it is essential for chemistry learners to master this technique. Most chemistry learners find it challenging to master the skill to pipette solution accurately. This guide provides a detailed step-by-step instruction, with high-resolution pictures, to aid laboratory instructor in teaching an accurate pipetting technique. Instructor can give this as a hand-out to their learners to refer to while they demonstrate the technique. Learners can keep referring back to this guide while they are practicing to refine their pipetting technique after the demonstration. This guide uses 25-mL pipette as illustration, but the technique is applicable to different-size pipettes including the Mohr pipette. Equipment needed to conduct the lesson: 25-mL pipette (other size is applicable) Pipette filler 125-mL conical flask (other size is applicable) 125-mL beaker (other size is applicable) This guide contains: Step-by-Step Guide to Pipette Accurately_highres.pdf Step-by-Step Guide to Pipette Accurately_lowres.pdf

A level learners are required to sit a practical chemistry examination. It is critical for learners to master the basic chemistry laboratory skills in order to perform experiments during the examination successfully. The basic chemistry laboratory skills: Rinsing laboratory glasswares correctly to avoid contamination. Preparing and transferring liquid using a burette accurately. Preparing and transferring liquid using a pipette accurately. Preparing solution with known concentration from a solid chemicals. Diluting a solution. This resource consists of: File #1: A PDF with full coloured pictures/images that clearly explain step-by-step on how to perform the 5 basic chemistry laboratory skills above. Learners can refer to this manual even after they finish their practical lesson to review. The PDF contains bookmarks for users to quickly and easily switch among different basic chemistry practical skills. The PDF also contains hyperlink to allow users to easily navigate within the document. File #2: An InDesign file for user with access to InDesign software by Adobe. Users can modify the cover page and other components.

A lot of learners find proton NMR difficult to understand and master. Learners need to practice doing multiple questions to improve their speed and understanding when dealing with proton NMR problem. This resource consists of 10 proton NMR questions with varying level of difficulties and types of questions. Detailed solutions on how learners can approach the question and answer the questions strategically are included. The resource is in the form of Power Point to allow ease of presentation and modifications as instructors see fit e.g. resizing the pictures, changing the order of questions, etc. The resource also include the essential information learners can extract from the proton NMR spectra as well as the essential strategy to elucidate a molecular structure using the proton NMR.

This resource is to introduce learners to the concepts of acids, bases and salts. The resource consists of: Blank handout - to be given to learners Filled handout - for instructor The resource can be utilized for a lecture style instruction or group discussion where learners discuss the handout and the instructor going through the handout towards the end of the class. Instructors can guide the learners throughout the learning process to fill-in-the-blanks on the blank handout. The resource features high quality coloured images such as pH scale and universal indicators that will aid learners to grasp the concepts of qualitative analysis of acids and bases using common indicators. The resource also consists of simple and effective flowchart to summarize concepts of acids and bases. High quality period table is included. The resource consists of 4 files: 2 files in the form of high quality PDF ready to be printed or electronically distributed to learners. 2 files in the form of Pages (word processor software from Apple inc) that allow instructor to make a modification if they feel is needed.