A resource aimed at advanced biology students, this worksheet is ideal as a starter or plenary recap of the light independent reactions of photosynthesis. The worksheet includes a space for students to draw out the series of light independent reactions from memory, but importantly, they are then asked a series of questions to identify the role of each substance. This is a very useful way of ensuring that students have understood the details of the reaction rather than just repeating diagrams parrot-fashion. Key words: photosynthesis, light independent, photosystems, chlorophyll, chloroplasts, thylakoid, stroma, electrons, reduction, oxidation, phosphorylation, ATP, NADP, RUBP, G3P, TP, RUBISCO, Calvin cycle

A resource aimed at advanced biology students, this worksheet is ideal as a starter or plenary recap of the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis. The worksheet includes a space for students to draw out the series of light dependent reactions from memory, but importantly, they are then asked a series of questions to identify the role of each substance. This is a very useful way of ensuring that students have understood the details of the reaction rather than just repeating diagrams parrot-fashion. Key words: photosynthesis, light dependent, photosystems, chlorophyll, chloroplasts, thylakoid, stroma, electrons, reduction, oxidation, phosphorylation, ATP, NADP

A worksheet aimed at advanced level biology students, this resource serves as a simple starter or plenary activity to recap some of the main vocabulary and key terms met during a topic on photosynthesis. Answers to all the questions are provided on the second page of the worksheet.

A resource aimed at post-16 biology students, this worksheet contains a list of written instructions for students to draw in order to recreate a diagram of the light independent reactions of photosynthesis. This task can be given to the whole class and then a printed diagram of the light independent reactions given out at the end of the activity for students to compare their drawing to; alternatively the class can be divided into two at the start of the lesson - half get a diagram of the light independent reactions and are asked to describe each stage while the other half get this worksheet and are asked to draw a diagram; the two halves of each class can then be asked to verbally feedback to each other. This is a useful way of turning an otherwise dry topic into an involving and engaging activity. Key words: photosynthesis, light independent, RuBP, G3P, TP, ATP, RNADP, NADP, Calvin cycle, photophosphorylation, RUBISCO

A resource aimed at post-16 biology students, this worksheet contains a list of written instructions for students to draw in order to recreate a diagram of the light dependent reaction of photosynthesis. This task can be given to the whole class and then a printed diagram of the light dependent reaction given out at the end of the activity for students to compare their drawing to; alternatively the class can be divided into two at the start of the lesson - half get a diagram of the light dependent reaction and are asked to describe each stage while the other half get this worksheet and are asked to draw a diagram; the two halves of each class can then be asked to verbally feedback to each other. This is a useful way of turning an otherwise dry topic into an involving and engaging activity. Key words: Photosynthesis, light, chloroplast, thylakoid, granum, photosystem, photolysis, NADP, ATP

A resource aimed at advanced biology students, this worksheet contains a practical schedule for the Hill reaction - a classic practical investigation which provides evidence for the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis. The worksheet contains practical instructions, tables for students to complete with their observations and a list of follow up questions that probes understanding of both the experimental procedure and importance of controls plus the background biochemical theory. The experiment is simple to set up (I recommend using spinach leaves) and straightforward to perform making it an ideal practical to add to what can otherwise be a fairly 'dry' topic. Key words: Hill reaction, NADP, light dependent reaction, light independent reaction, photosynthesis, chloroplast, cells, DCPIP, reduction, colour, expeirment, investigation, control

A ten question multiple choice test aimed at advanced level biology students as a way of assessing their knowledge and understanding of photosynthesis.

A resource aimed at either high ability GCSE students as a recap of the basic facts of photosynthesis or at advanced level students to recap GCSE information. The worksheet covers the basic facts about photosynthesis and gas exchange in a typical dicotyledenous leaf.

A worksheet aimed at advanced level biology students who are just commencing a topic on photosynthesis. The worksheet can be set as a homework exercise prior to the topic commencing so that students have a head start on their understanding. The worksheet includes various prompts to focus their research along with a weblink for more detailed information. Keywords: photosynthesis, photosystems, chloroplasts, light dependent reaction, light independent reaction

A resource aimed at advanced level biology students (or high ability GCSE students) that provides questions on how different limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis. The emphasis is on interpretation of rate of reaction graphs, with logical reasoning being used to identify and explain the main limiting factors. Answers to all the questions are provided on the second page of the worksheet. Key words: limiting factor, photosynthesis, graph, plateau, temperature, carbon dioxide concentration, light intensity

A resource aimed at advanced biology students, this worksheet provides a written schedule for the extraction of chlorophyll from leaves followed by analysis via chromatography. Rf values for various pigments are included in a reference table (including chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, phaeophytin, xanthophyll and carotene); students can attach their chromatograms to the worksheet, calculate Rf values for each pigment and identify using the reference table. This is a good practical exercise to cover at the start of a topic on photosynthesis, and emphasises the fact that various pigments are responsible for harnessing light energy during the light dependent reactions. Key words: Light dependent, chlorophyll, Rf value, chromatography, chromatogram, solvent front, extraction, leaf, phaeophytin, xanthophyll, carotene, absorption spectra, action spectrum

A resource aimed at advanced level biology students, this worksheet leads students through an area that often causes difficulty - interpreting evidence for the Calvin Cycle. The worksheet looks at the classic experiment performed by Melvin Calvin that provided evidence for the sequence of events that occurs in cyclic photophosphorlyation or the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis. The worksheet introduces the idea of radioactive tracers and asks students to predict the effect of switching lights off or reducing carbon dioxide levels. Graphs are shown recording the levels of RuBP and GP in response to these changes. Answers to each question are provided on the second page of this worksheet Key words: Light independent reaction, cyclic photophosphorylation, ATP, RNADP, glycerate - 3- phosphate, triose phosphate, ribulose bisphosphate, ribulose phosphate, light dependent reaction, calvin cycle

A resource aimed at advanced level biology students, this worksheet requires students to identify each key component of a chloroplast and link to its role in photosynthesis. This is a useful starter activity that can be used following an initial lesson on the basics of chloroplast structure or it could be used as a homework research task before teaching a topic on photosynthesis. Answers to all of the questions are provided on the second worksheet. Key words: chloroplast, photosynthesis, chlorophyll, absorb, light, light dependent, light independent, thylakoid, stroma, envelope, photosystems, granum, grana, starch

A resource aimed at advanced level biology students with each step of the electron transport chain (oxidative phosphorylation) clearly and succinctly described in a series of bullet points. The challenge for students is to use this information to draw their own diagrammatic representations of each process. This resource is best used after a taught lesson on the electron transport chain and a means of recapping each point. Students should have experience in drawing out reaction pathways (e.g. in glycolysis or Kreb's cycle) before they attempt this activity. A shorter DRAW IT activity is included for both the Link reaction and Kreb's cycle as a bonus resource. Key words: electron transport chain, final acceptor, chemiosmosis, hydrogen ions, electrons, carriers, ATP, coupled, ATPase, energy, oxidative phosphorylation

Aimed at advanced biology students, this resource leads students through the design and use of a respirometer. The first few questions deal with causes of pressure changes inside a respirometer tube and predicting the direction in which fluid within a manometer tube would flow. The worksheet then moves on to cover two different investigations - measuring the amount of oxygen consumed over time and measuring the amount of carbon dioxide produced over time. Tables for the recording of data and calculations (e.g. converting distance measurments to volumes) are provided along with questions that check understanding. The data gathered from both oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide can be plotted as graphs to calculate rate of respiration or used to calculate RQ values, indicating which respiratory substrate is being used by the organisms under test (blowfly larvae are suggested). The second worksheet in this resource deals specifically with a thermo-barometrically balanced respirometer and calculation/interpretation of RQ values. Key words: respirometer, manometer, blowfly larvae, maggots, rate, RQ value, volume, distance, temperature, control, potassium hydroxide, thermo-barometrically balanced

A worksheet aimed at advanced biology students that aims to recap some of the basic facts about respiration and bridge the gap between GCSE ideology and advanced level study. The worksheet contains several questions that focus on a recap of the basic summary equation, reasons why the summary equation can be misleading, the nature of ATP hydrolysis, exergonic reactions and the site of different stages of aerobic respiration. There is a final synoptic challenge question that requires students to explain how glucose from our diet is transported to respiring cells. Answers to all questions are given on the second page of this worksheet. Key words: respiration, ATP, glucose, exergonic, mitochondria, cytoplasm, aerobic, anaerobic, energy, glycolysis, link, Kreb's cycle, electron transport chain, synoptic, amylase, starch, digestion, ingestion, maltase, maltose, absorption, insulin, epithelial cell, co-transporter, sodium

A resource aimed at advanced biology students, this is a practical activity worksheet that concisely describes the classic experiment involving methylene blue as an artificial hydrogen acceptor in respiration. The experiment involves setting up three test tubes (two with yeast and methylene blue, one without yeast as a control) and observing the decolouration of methylene blue as it is gradually reduced due to the respiratory activity of yeast. The activity sheet contains the technical details of solutions required, a table for students to record their observations and a series of questions that probe student's understanding of the biochemistry involved with these observations. Answers to the questions are provided on the second, duplicate, worksheet. Key words: Respiration, glucose, NAD, methylene blue, reduction, oxidation, yeast, control

A resource aimed at advanced biology students, this worksheet is a starter or plenary exercise that requires students to draw out a biochemical flow chart showing the sequence of events that occur during glycolysis. After this initial memory recap, students are then required to answer a series of questions about the process which checks that they understand the key points. Key words: glycolysis, pyruvate, glucose, NAD, reduction, oxidation, coenzyme, ATP, energy, ADP, cytoplasm, anaerobic, triose phosphate

A resource aimed at advanced biology students, this worksheet provides a series of questions requiring one word answers on the topic of the immune system. Areas covered include non specific defence, specific defence, inflammation, barriers, phagocytes, lymphocytes, antibodies, antigens, T-cells, B-cells. Useful as a resource to recap key terminology, questions can be deleted or added as required. Answers to all the question are given on the second page of the worksheet.