Powerpoint lecture and associated PDF worksheet covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 2.40C - Describe an experiment to prepare a pure, dry sample of a soluble salt, starting from an acid and alkali. Specification Point 2.41C - Describe an experiment to prepare a pure, dry sample of an insoluble salt, starting from 2 soluble reactants. Specification Point 2.43C - Practical: prepare a sample of pure, dry lead (II) sulphate. Complete set of Chapter 5 Lessons are available.

Companion PDF worksheet for Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry Lecture 25 - Chemical Tests. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Specification Point 2.44 - Describe tests for these gases: hydrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, ammonia and chlorine. Specification Point 2.45 - Describe how to carry out a flame test. Specification Point 2.46 - Know the colours formed in flame tests for the following cations: lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium and copper. Specification Point 2.47 - Describe tests for these cations: ammonium using sodium hydroxide solution and identifying the gas evolved. Copper, iron (II) and iron (III) using sodium hydroxide solution. Specification Point 2.48 - Describe tests for these anions: chloride, bromide and iodide using acidified silver nitrate solution. Sulphates using acidified barium chloride solution and carbonates using hydrochloric acid and identifying the gas evolved. Specification Point 2.49 - Describe a test for the presence of water using anhydrous copper (II) sulphate. Specification Point 2.50 - Describe a physical test to show whether a sample of water is pure. Complete set of Chapter 5 Worksheets are available.

Complete set of companion PDF worksheets for Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry (4CH1) Chapter 5 - Acids, Bases and Salts. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Five worksheets included: 21 - Acids and Alkalis 22 - Titrations 23 - Acids, Bases and Salts 24 - Making Salts 25 - Chemical Tests

Powerpoint lecture and associated PDF worksheet covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 3.5C - Draw and explain energy level diagrams to represent exothermic and endothermic reactions. Specification Point 3.6C - Know that bond-breaking is an endothermic process and that bond-making is an exothermic process. Specification Point 3.7C - Use bond energies to calculate the enthalpy change during a chemical reaction. Complete set of Chapter 6 Lessons are available.

Companion PDF worksheet for Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry Lecture 26 - Energetics. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Specification Point 3.1 - Know that chemical reactions in which heat energy is given out are described as exothermic, and those in which heat energy is taken in are described as endothermic. Specification Point 3.2 - Describe simple calorimetry experiments for reactions such as combustion, displacement, dissolving and neutralisation. Specification Point 3.3 - Calculate the heat energy change from a measured temperature change using the expression Q = mcΔT. Specification Point 3.4 - Calculate the molar enthalpy change (ΔH) from the heat energy change, Q. Specification Point 3.8 - Practical: investigate temperature changes accompanying some of the following types of change: salts dissolving in water, neutralisation reactions, displacement reactions and combustion reactions. Complete set of Chapter 6 Worksheets are available.

Powerpoint lecture and associated PDF worksheet covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 3.1 - Know that chemical reactions in which heat energy is given out are described as exothermic, and those in which heat energy is taken in are described as endothermic. Specification Point 3.2 - Describe simple calorimetry experiments for reactions such as combustion, displacement, dissolving and neutralisation. Specification Point 3.3 - Calculate the heat energy change from a measured temperature change using the expression Q = mcΔT. Specification Point 3.4 - Calculate the molar enthalpy change (ΔH) from the heat energy change, Q. Specification Point 3.8 - Practical: investigate temperature changes accompanying some of the following types of change: salts dissolving in water, neutralisation reactions, displacement reactions and combustion reactions. Complete set of Chapter 6 Lessons are available.

Companion PDF worksheet for Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry Lecture 28 - Rates of Reaction. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Specification Point 3.9 - Describe experiments to investigate the effects of changes in surface area of a solid, concentration of a solution, temperature and the use of a catalyst on the rate of a reaction. Specification Point 3.10 - Describe the effects of changes in surface area of a solid, concentration of a solution, pressure of a gas, temperature and the use of a catalyst on the rate of a reaction. Specification Point 3.11 - Explain the effects of changes in surface area of a solid, concentration of a solution, pressure of a gas and temperature on the rate of a reaction in terms of particle collision theory. Specification Point 3.12 - Know that a catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a reaction, but is chemically unchanged at the end of the reaction. Specification Point 3.13 - Know that a catalyst works by providing an alternative pathway with lower activation energy. Specification Point 3.15 - Practical: investigate the effect of changing the surface area of marble chips and of changing the concentration of hydrochloric acid on the rate of reaction between marble chips and dilute hydrochloric acid. Specification Point 3.16 - Practical: investigate the effect of different solids on the catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide solution. Complete set of Chapter 6 Worksheets are available.

Powerpoint lecture and associated PDF worksheet covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 3.9 - Describe experiments to investigate the effects of changes in surface area of a solid, concentration of a solution, temperature and the use of a catalyst on the rate of a reaction. Specification Point 3.10 - Describe the effects of changes in surface area of a solid, concentration of a solution, pressure of a gas, temperature and the use of a catalyst on the rate of a reaction. Specification Point 3.11 - Explain the effects of changes in surface area of a solid, concentration of a solution, pressure of a gas and temperature on the rate of a reaction in terms of particle collision theory. Specification Point 3.12 - Know that a catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a reaction, but is chemically unchanged at the end of the reaction. Specification Point 3.13 - Know that a catalyst works by providing an alternative pathway with lower activation energy. Specification Point 3.15 - Practical: investigate the effect of changing the surface area of marble chips and of changing the concentration of hydrochloric acid on the rate of reaction between marble chips and dilute hydrochloric acid. Specification Point 3.16 - Practical: investigate the effect of different solids on the catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide solution. Complete set of Chapter 6 Lessons are available.

Powerpoint lecture and associated PDF worksheet covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 3.17 - Know that some reactions are reversible and this is indicated by the symbol ⇌ in equations. Specification Point 3.18 - Describe reversible reactions such as the dehydration of hydrated copper (II) sulphate and the effect of heat on ammonium chloride.

Companion PDF worksheet for Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry Lecture 27 - Bond Energies. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Specification Point 3.5C - Draw and explain energy level diagrams to represent exothermic and endothermic reactions. Specification Point 3.6C - Know that bond-breaking is an endothermic process and that bond-making is an exothermic process. Specification Point 3.7C - Use bond energies to calculate the enthalpy change during a chemical reaction. Complete set of Chapter 6 Worksheets are available.

Companion PDF worksheet for Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry Lecture 29 - Reversible Reactions. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Specification Point 3.17 - Know that some reactions are reversible and this is indicated by the symbol ⇌ in equations. Specification Point 3.18 - Describe reversible reactions such as the dehydration of hydrated copper (II) sulphate and the effect of heat on ammonium chloride. Complete set of Chapter 6 Worksheets are available.

Companion PDF worksheet for Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry Lecture 30 - Dynamic Equilibria. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Specification Point 3.19C - Know that a reversible reaction can reach dynamic equilibrium in a sealed container. Specification Point 3.20C - Know that at dynamic equilibrium the forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate and the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant. Specification Point 3.21C - Understand why a catalyst does not affect the position of equilibrium in a reversible reaction. Specification Point 3.22C - Know the effect of changing either temperature or pressure on the position of equilibrium in a reversible reaction. Complete set of Chapter 6 Worksheets are available.

Powerpoint lecture and associated PDF worksheet covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 3.19C - Know that a reversible reaction can reach dynamic equilibrium in a sealed container. Specification Point 3.20C - Know that at dynamic equilibrium the forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate and the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant. Specification Point 3.21C - Understand why a catalyst does not affect the position of equilibrium in a reversible reaction. Specification Point 3.22C - Know the effect of changing either temperature or pressure on the position of equilibrium in a reversible reaction. Complete set of Chapter 6 Lessons are available.

Complete set of companion PDF worksheets for Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry (4CH1) Chapter 6 - Physical Chemistry. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Five worksheets included: 26 - Energetics 27 - Bond Energies 28 - Rates of Reaction 29 - Reversible Reactions 30 - Dynamic Equilibria

Complete set of companion PDF worksheets for Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry (4CH1) Chapter 7 - Organic Chemistry. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Eight worksheets included: 31 - Organic Compounds 32 - Crude Oil 33 - Burning Hydrocarbons 34 - Alkanes and Alkenes 35 - Organic Compounds Part 2 36 - Esters 37 - Addition Polymers 38 - Condensation Polymers

Companion PDF worksheet for Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry Lecture 35 - Organic Compounds Part 2. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Specification Point 4.29C - Know that alcohols contain the functional group −OH. Specification Point 4.30C - Understand how to draw structural and displayed formulae for methanol, ethanol, propanol and butanol and name each compound. Specification Point 4.31C - Know that how ethanol can be oxidised. Specification Point 4.32C - Know how ethanol can be manufactured. Specification Point 4.33C - Understand the reasons for fermentation, in the absence of air, and at an optimum temperature. Specification Point 4.34C - Know that carboxylic acids contain the functional group -COOH. Specification Point 4.35C - Understand how to draw structural and displayed formulae for unbranched-chain carboxylic acids with up to four carbon atoms in the molecule, and name each compound. Specification Point 4.36C - Describe the reactions of aqueous solutions of carboxylic acids with metals and metal carbonates. Specification Point 4.37C - Know that vinegar is an aqueous solution containing ethanoic acid. Complete set of Chapter 7 Worksheets are available.

Powerpoint lecture and associated PDF worksheet covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 4.38C - Know that esters contain the functional group -COO-. Specification Point 4.39C - Know that ethyl ethanoate is the ester produced when ethanol and ethanoic acid react in the presence of an acid catalyst. Specification Point 4.40C - Understand how to write the structural and displayed formulae of ethyl ethanoate. Specification Point 4.41C - Understand how to write the structural and displayed formulae of an ester, given the name or formula of the alcohol and carboxylic acid from which it is formed and vice versa. Specification Point 4.42C - Know that esters are volatile compounds with distinctive smells and are used as food flavourings and in perfumes. Specification Point 4.43C - Practical: prepare a sample of an ester such as ethyl ethanoate. Complete set of Chapter 7 Lessons are available.

Powerpoint lecture and associated PDF worksheet covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 4.29C - Know that alcohols contain the functional group −OH. Specification Point 4.30C - Understand how to draw structural and displayed formulae for methanol, ethanol, propanol and butanol and name each compound. Specification Point 4.31C - Know that how ethanol can be oxidised. Specification Point 4.32C - Know how ethanol can be manufactured. Specification Point 4.33C - Understand the reasons for fermentation, in the absence of air, and at an optimum temperature. Specification Point 4.34C - Know that carboxylic acids contain the functional group -COOH. Specification Point 4.35C - Understand how to draw structural and displayed formulae for unbranched-chain carboxylic acids with up to four carbon atoms in the molecule, and name each compound. Specification Point 4.36C - Describe the reactions of aqueous solutions of carboxylic acids with metals and metal carbonates. Specification Point 4.37C - Know that vinegar is an aqueous solution containing ethanoic acid. Complete set of Chapter 7 Lessons are available.