Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 2.15 - Understand how metals can be arranged in a reactivity series based on their reactions with water or dilute acid. Specification Point 2.16 - Understand how metals can be arranged in a reactivity series based on displacement reactions. Specification Point 2.17 - Know the order of reactivity of these metals: potassium, sodium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, aluminium, zinc, iron, copper, silver, and gold. Specification Point 2.18 - Know the conditions under which iron rusts. Specification Point 2.19 - Understand how the rusting of iron may be prevented by barrier methods, galvanising and sacrificial protection. Specification Point 2.20 - Understand the terms oxidation, reduction, redox, oxidising agent and reducing agent in terms of the gain or loss of oxygen and the loss or gain of electrons. Specification Point 2.21 - Practical: investigate reactions between dilute hydrochloric and sulfuric acids and metals (e.g. magnesium, zinc and iron). Complete set of Chapter 4 Lectures are available.

Complete set of concise, modern presentations for Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry (4CH1) Chapter 4 - Bonding. Contains colour coded specification points. Five presentations included: 16 - Group 1 Elements 17 - Group 7 Elements 18 - Atmospheric Gases 19 - Metals and the Reactivity Series 20 - The Uses of Metals

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 2.40C - Describe an experiment to prepare a pure, dry sample of a soluble salt, starting from an acid and alkali. Specification Point 2.41C - Describe an experiment to prepare a pure, dry sample of an insoluble salt, starting from 2 soluble reactants. Specification Point 2.43C - Practical: prepare a sample of pure, dry lead (II) sulphate. Complete set of Chapter 5 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 3.5C - Draw and explain energy level diagrams to represent exothermic and endothermic reactions. Specification Point 3.6C - Know that bond-breaking is an endothermic process and that bond-making is an exothermic process. Specification Point 3.7C - Use bond energies to calculate the enthalpy change during a chemical reaction. Complete set of Chapter 6 Lectures are available.

Complete set of concise, modern presentations for Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry (4CH1) Chapter 6 - Physical Chemistry. Contains colour coded specification points. Five presentations included: 26 - Energetics 27 - Bond Energies 28 - Rates of Reaction 29 - Reversible Reactions 30 - Dynamic Equilibria

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 4.29C - Know that alcohols contain the functional group −OH. Specification Point 4.30C - Understand how to draw structural and displayed formulae for methanol, ethanol, propanol and butanol and name each compound. Specification Point 4.31C - Know that how ethanol can be oxidised. Specification Point 4.32C - Know how ethanol can be manufactured. Specification Point 4.33C - Understand the reasons for fermentation, in the absence of air, and at an optimum temperature. Specification Point 4.34C - Know that carboxylic acids contain the functional group -COOH. Specification Point 4.35C - Understand how to draw structural and displayed formulae for unbranched-chain carboxylic acids with up to four carbon atoms in the molecule, and name each compound. Specification Point 4.36C - Describe the reactions of aqueous solutions of carboxylic acids with metals and metal carbonates. Specification Point 4.37C - Know that vinegar is an aqueous solution containing ethanoic acid. Complete set of Chapter 7 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 4.7 - Know that crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons. Specification Point 4.8 - Describe how the industrial process of fractional distillation separates crude oil into fractions. Specification Point 4.9 - Know the names and uses of the main fractions obtained from crude oil. Specification Point 4.10 - Know the trend in colour, boiling point and viscosity of the main fractions. Complete set of Chapter 7 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 4.19 - Know the general formula for alkanes. Specification Point 4.20 - Explain why alkanes are classified as saturated hydrocarbons. Specification Point 4.21 - Understand how to draw the structural and displayed formulae for alkanes with up to five carbon atoms in the molecule, and to name the unbranched-chain isomers. Specification Point 4.22 - Describe the reactions of alkanes with halogens in the presence of ultraviolet radiation, limited to mono-substitution. Specification Point 4.23 - Know that alkenes contain a particular functional group (C=C). Specification Point 4.24 - Know the general formula for alkenes. Specification Point 4.25 - Explain why alkenes are classified as unsaturated hydrocarbons. Specification Point 4.26 - Understand how to draw the structural and displayed formulae for alkenes with up to four carbon atoms in the molecule, and name the unbranched-chain isomers. Specification Point 4.27 -Describe the reactions of alkenes with bromine to produce dibromoalkanes. Specification Point 4.28 - Describe how bromine water can be used to distinguish between an alkane and an alkene. Complete set of Chapter 7 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 3.9 - Describe experiments to investigate the effects of changes in surface area of a solid, concentration of a solution, temperature and the use of a catalyst on the rate of a reaction. Specification Point 3.10 - Describe the effects of changes in surface area of a solid, concentration of a solution, pressure of a gas, temperature and the use of a catalyst on the rate of a reaction. Specification Point 3.11 - Explain the effects of changes in surface area of a solid, concentration of a solution, pressure of a gas and temperature on the rate of a reaction in terms of particle collision theory. Specification Point 3.12 - Know that a catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a reaction, but is chemically unchanged at the end of the reaction. Specification Point 3.13 - Know that a catalyst works by providing an alternative pathway with lower activation energy. Specification Point 3.15 - Practical: investigate the effect of changing the surface area of marble chips and of changing the concentration of hydrochloric acid on the rate of reaction between marble chips and dilute hydrochloric acid. Specification Point 3.16 - Practical: investigate the effect of different solids on the catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide solution. Complete set of Chapter 6 Lectures are available.

Complete set of concise, modern presentations for Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry (4CH1) Chapter 5 - Acids, Bases and Salts. Contains colour coded specification points. Five presentations included: 21 - Acids and Alkalis 22 - Titrations 23 - Acids, Bases and Salts 24 - Making Salts 25 - Chemical Tests

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 2.9 - Know the approximate percentages by volume of the four most abundant gases in dry air. Specification Point 2.10 - Understand how to determine the percentage by volume of oxygen in air using experiments involving the reactions of metals and non-metals with air. Specification Point 2.11 - Describe the combustion of elements in oxygen, including magnesium, hydrogen and sulphur. Specification Point 2.12 - Describe the formation of carbon dioxide from the thermal decomposition of metal carbonates, including copper (II) carbonate. Specification Point 2.13 - Know that carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas and that increasing amounts in the atmosphere may contribute to climate change. Specification Point 2.14 - Practical: determine the approximate percentage by volume of oxygen in air using a metal or a non-metal. Complete set of Chapter 4 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 4.38C - Know that esters contain the functional group -COO-. Specification Point 4.39C - Know that ethyl ethanoate is the ester produced when ethanol and ethanoic acid react in the presence of an acid catalyst. Specification Point 4.40C - Understand how to write the structural and displayed formulae of ethyl ethanoate. Specification Point 4.41C - Understand how to write the structural and displayed formulae of an ester, given the name or formula of the alcohol and carboxylic acid from which it is formed and vice versa. Specification Point 4.42C - Know that esters are volatile compounds with distinctive smells and are used as food flavourings and in perfumes. Specification Point 4.43C - Practical: prepare a sample of an ester such as ethyl ethanoate. Complete set of Chapter 7 Lectures are available.

Complete set of concise, modern presentations for Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry (4CH1) Chapter 7 - Organic Chemistry. Contains colour coded specification points. Eight presentations included: 31 - Organic Compounds 32 - Crude Oil 33 - Burning Hydrocarbons 34 - Alkanes and Alkenes 35 - Organic Compounds Part 2 36 - Esters 37 - Addition Polymers 38 - Condensation Polymers

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 3.19C - Know that a reversible reaction can reach dynamic equilibrium in a sealed container. Specification Point 3.20C - Know that at dynamic equilibrium the forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate and the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant. Specification Point 3.21C - Understand why a catalyst does not affect the position of equilibrium in a reversible reaction. Specification Point 3.22C - Know the effect of changing either temperature or pressure on the position of equilibrium in a reversible reaction. Complete set of Chapter 6 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 1.18 - Know and use the relationship between weight, mass and gravitational field strength. Specification Point 1.19 - Know that the stopping distance of a vehicle is made up of the sum of the thinking distance and the braking distance. Specification Point 1.20 - Describe the factors affecting vehicle stopping distance, including speed, mass, road condition and reaction time. Specification Point 1.21 - Describe the forces acting on falling objects and explain why falling objects reach a terminal velocity. Complete set of Chapter 1 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 2.15 - Know and use the relationship between charge, current and time. Specification Point 2.16 - Know that electric current in solid metallic conductors is a flow of negatively charged electrons. Specification Point 2.17 - Understand why current is conserved at a junction in a circuit. Specification Point 2.18 - Know that the voltage across two components connected in parallel is the same. Specification Point 2.19 - Calculate the currents, voltages and resistances of two resistive components connected in a series circuit. Specification Point 2.20 - Know that voltage is the energy transferred per unit charge passed and that the volt is a joule per coulomb. Specification Point 2.21 - Know and use the relationship between energy transferred, charge and voltage. Complete set of Chapter 2 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 2.4 - Know and use the relationship between power, current and voltage and apply the relationship to the selection of appropriate fuses. Specification Point 2.5 - Use the relationship between energy transferred, current, voltage and time. Specification Point 2.6 - Know the difference between mains electricity being alternating current (A.C.) and direct current (D.C.) being supplied by a cell or battery. Complete set of Chapter 2 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 1.30P - Know and use the relationship between the moment of a force and its perpendicular distance from the pivot. Specification Point 1.31P - Know that the weight of a body acts through its centre of gravity. Specification Point 1.32P - Use the principle of moments for a simple system of parallel forces acting in one plane. Specification Point 1.33P - Understand how the upward forces on a light beam, supported at its ends, vary with the position of a heavy object placed on the beam. Complete set of Chapter 1 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 1.15 - Calculate the resultant force of forces that act along a line. Specification Point 1.16 - Know that friction is a force that opposes motion. Specification Point 1.17 - Know and use the relationship between unbalanced force, mass and acceleration. Complete set of Chapter 1 Lectures are available.