Sarah Hilton has been a business examiner for over 20 years and a business teacher for longer. She is now a teacher trainer, business teacher and qualification developer. She runs the website revisionstation which provides smashing business teaching resources at budget prices.
Sarah Hilton has been a business examiner for over 20 years and a business teacher for longer. She is now a teacher trainer, business teacher and qualification developer. She runs the website revisionstation which provides smashing business teaching resources at budget prices.
AQA A LEVEL BUSINESS 312 UNDERSTANDING DIFFERENT BUSINESS FORMS
Reasons for choosing different forms of business and for changing business form
Different forms of business:
Sole traders
Private limited companies
Public limited companies
Private sector organisations
Public sector organisations
Non-profit organisations
Social Enterprises
Issues with different forms of business include:
Unlimited and limited liability
Ordinary share capital
Market capitalisation
Dividends
The role of shareholders and why they invest
Influences on share price and the significance of share price changes
The effects of ownership on mission and objectives
This is a complete lesson including a PPT and worksheet
This is lesson written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
AQA A LEVEL BUSINESS 313 UNDERSTANDING THAT BUSINESSES OPERATE WITHIN AN EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT
How the external environment can affect costs
and demand
Factors influencing costs and demand to include
the effect of:
• competition
• market conditions
• incomes
• interest rates
• demographic factors
• environmental issues and fair trade
This is a complete lesson including a PPT and worksheet
This is lesson written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
AS(7131) A-level (7132) Specifications For teaching from September 2023 onwards For as exams in May/June 2024 onwards For a-level exams in May/June 2025 onwards Version 2.0
This lesson covers:
The value of primary and secondary marketing research
Qualitative and quantitative data
Calculate market and sales growth, market share and size (already covered in 331)
The value of sampling
Random
Stratified
Quota
The interpretation of marketing data
positive and negative correlation and an understanding of the strength of the relationship
understanding the concept of confidence intervals
understanding extrapolation.
The interpretation of price and income elasticity of demand data
Interpretation of price and income elasticity of demand (PED and YED)*
Analysis of the impact of changes in price and income on revenue*
The value of the concepts of price and income elasticity of demand to marketing decision makers
The use of data in marketing decision making and planning
This lesson was written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
AS(7131) A-level (7132) Specifications For teaching from September 2023 onwards For as exams in May/June 2024 onwards For a-level exams in May/June 2025 onwards Version 2.0
This lesson covers:
The process and value of segmentation, targeting and positioning
Segmentation methods include:
Demographic
Geographic
Income
Behavioural segmentation
Influences on choosing a target market and positioning
Targeting may include Niche and Mass marketing
Positioning should include Market mapping
This lesson was written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
AS(7131) A-level (7132) Specifications For teaching from September 2023 onwards For as exams in May/June 2024 onwards For a-level exams in May/June 2025 onwards Version 2.0
This lesson covers:
The elements of the marketing mix (7Ps)
The influences on and effects of changes in the elements of the marketing mix
The marketing mix should be considered for goods and services, both industrial and consumer.
Product decisions
the value of product portfolio analysis and the Boston Matrix
the value of the product life cycle model including extension strategies
influences on and the value of new product development.
Pricing decisions
Pricing decisions should include penetration and price skimming.
and in part 2
Decisions about the promotional mix
Promotional decisions should include:
the value of branding
Social media
Viral Marketing
Distribution (place) decisions
Distribution decisions should include multichannel distribution.
Decisions relating to other elements of the marketing mix: people, process and physical environment
The importance of and influences on an integrated marketing mix include:
the position in the product life cycle
the Boston Matrix
the type of product
marketing objectives
the target market
competition
positioning.
Understanding the value of digital marketing and e-commerce
This lesson was written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
AS(7131) A-level (7132) Specifications For teaching from September 2023 onwards For as exams in May/June 2024 onwards For a-level exams in May/June 2025 onwards Version 2.0
This lesson covers:
How to manage supply to match demand and the value of doing so, methods include:
Outsourcing (including the value of outsourcing)
use of temporary and part time employees
producing to order
Influences on the amount of inventory held
interpreting inventory control charts
lead time
re-order levels
buffer level of inventory
re-order quantities
Influences on the choice of suppliers
How to manage the supply chain effectively and efficiently and the value of this
This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
AS(7131) A-level (7132) Specifications For teaching from September 2023 onwards For as exams in May/June 2024 onwards For a-level exams in May/June 2025 onwards Version 2.0
This lesson covers:
The importance of capacity
How to utilise capacity efficiently
The importance of efficiency and labour productivity
How to increase efficiency and labour productivity
Difficulties increasing efficiency and labour productivity
The benefits and difficulties of lean production
Lean production should include ‘Just in Time’ vs ‘Just in Case’
How to choose the optimal mix of resources
The mix of resources should include an understanding of labour and capital intensive processes
How to use technology to improve operational efficiency
This lesson was written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
AS(7131) A-level (7132) Specifications For teaching from September 2023 onwards For as exams in May/June 2024 onwards For a-level exams in May/June 2025 onwards Version 2.0
This lesson covers:
The interpretation, calculation and use of operations data in operational decision-making and planning
Calculation of:
labour productivity
unit costs (average costs)
capacity
capacity utilisation
This lesson was written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation
AS(7131) A-level (7132) Specifications For teaching from September 2023 onwards For as exams in May/June 2024 onwards For a-level exams in May/June 2025 onwards Version 2.0
Methods of improving quality
quality assurance vs quality control
The benefits and difficulties of improving quality
The consequences of poor quality
This lesson was written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
AS(7131) A-level (7132) Specifications For teaching from September 2023 onwards For as exams in May/June 2024 onwards For a-level exams in May/June 2025 onwards Version 2.0
This lesson covers:
The value of setting operational objectives
Operational objectives include:
costs
quality
speed of response
flexibility
environmental objectives
added value
This lesson was written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
AS(7131) A-level (7132) Specifications For teaching from September 2023 onwards For as exams in May/June 2024 onwards For a-level exams in May/June 2025 onwards Version 2.0
This lesson covers:
Part 1:
How to construct and analyse budgets and cash flow forecasts
Variance analysis
Adverse and favourable variances
The value of budgeting
How to construct break-even charts
Break even output
Margin of safety
Contribution per unit
Total contribution
How to calculate and illustrate on a break-even chart the effects of change in price, output and costs
The value of break even analysis
Part 2:
How to analyse profitability
Profitability margins
Gross profit
Profit from operations
Profit for the year
How to analyse timings of cash inflows and outflows
Payables
Receivables
The use of data for financial decision making and planning
These lessons were written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
AS(7131) A-level (7132) Specifications For teaching from September 2023 onwards For as exams in May/June 2024 onwards For a-level exams in May/June 2025 onwards Version 2.0
This lesson covers:
The value of setting financial objectives to include:
The concept of a return on investment
Revenue, costs and profit objectives
Cash flow objectives
The distinction between cash flow and profit
The distinction between gross profit, operating profit and profit for the year
This lesson was written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
AS(7131) A-level (7132) Specifications For teaching from September 2023 onwards For as exams in May/June 2024 onwards For a-level exams in May/June 2025 onwards Version 2.0
This lesson covers:
Internal and external sources of finance
debt factoring
overdrafts
retained profits
share capital
loans
venture capital
crowd funding
Advantages and disadvantages of different sources of finance for short and long term uses
This lesson was written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a worksheet which covers:
a) Internal and external stakeholders
b) Stakeholder objectives
c) Stakeholder and shareholder influences:
o stakeholder: that the business considers all of its
stakeholders in its business decisions/objectives
o shareholder: that the business should focus purely
on shareholder returns (increasing share price and
dividends) in its business decisions/objectives
d) The potential for conflict between profit-based
(shareholder) and wider objectives (stakeholder)
This was written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a worksheet and covers:
a) PESTLE (political, economic, social, technological, legal
and environmental)
b) The changing competitive environment
c) Porter’s Five Forces
Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a worksheet and covers:
a) Objectives of growth:
o to achieve economies of scale (internal and external)
o increased market power over customers and
suppliers
o increased market share and brand recognition
o increased profitability
b) Problems arising from growth:
o diseconomies of scale
o internal communication
o overtrading
Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
This lesson includes a Powerpoint and a worksheet and covers:
a) Development of corporate objectives from mission
statement/corporate aims
b) Critical appraisal of mission statements/corporate aims
Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a worksheet which covers:
a) Reasons for mergers and takeovers
b) Distinction between mergers and takeovers
c) Horizontal and vertical integration
d) Financial risks and rewards
e) Problems of rapid growth
Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a worksheet and covers:
a) Distinction between inorganic and organic growth
b) Methods of growing organically
c) Advantages and disadvantages of organic growth
Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation