Creating if-then statements is a common aspect of your mother tongue, and incorporating them into your English discussions can greatly enhance your communication skills. In total, there are four conditionals that you will gradually learn to use, beginning with the most basic ones: the zero and first conditional. Take a glance at this overview to get a general understanding of how all conditionals function and when to apply them. A sentence with a condition relies on the word ‘if’. Conditional sentences consist of two parts - the first part starts with ‘if’ to depict a potential scenario, while the second part explains the result. Input: “The company experienced a significant decrease in profits due to the economic downturn.” Paraphrased: “The economic downturn led to a large decrease in profits for the company.” If it starts raining, we will become soaked. The meaning remains the same even when the two parts are switched. Check out this practical ebook guide to find out how the conditionals are form, when and how they are used, and plenty of practice for your students.

The mathematical content standards are created as progressions in learning across grade levels, outlining the conceptual understanding and skills students should have in math. Grade-specific standards are in place for students from kindergarten through 8th grade. In high school, the standards are grouped according to “conceptual categories.” Every set of standards consists of several “domains” that organize related standards to create consistency around important mathematical concepts. The high school level standards detail the math skills needed for college and career readiness for all students. Additional mathematics are part of the curriculum for students opting for advanced level classes. The high school standards are structured by “conceptual categories,” each offering a “coherent perspective of high school mathematics.” Some of these are: Number and Quantity Algebra Functions Modeling Geometry Statistics and Probability This highly practical ebook will provide you with 50 selected exercises for practising Grade 12 math of the Common Core.

Reported Speech, also known as Indirect Speech, is an important part of conversational English because it requires repeating someone else’s words. English language students need to learn and practice the Reported Speech, since it is used in various situations to convey information or repeat someone else’s words. This ebook will focus only on instances where the reporting verb is in past tense (such as said, told, etc.), necessitating a shift to past tense in the reported clause for practical reasons. For example: ‘I am going to the super market’ becomes ‘He said that he was going to the super market’. It is also possible to report someone’s words in the present without any tense change. For example: ‘He says he is going to the super market’. This ebook can help students learn how to use Reported Speech, understand its purpose, and practice through various interactive exercises. The solutions are given towards the conclusion of the book.

In 9th grade, math typically centers on Algebra I, but may also cover other higher-level math topics like Geometry, Algebra II, Pre-Calculus, or Trigonometry. This year, students will expand their knowledge and use of quadratic and exponential functions along with other complex mathematical ideas. Ninth graders must grasp concepts thoroughly before progressing, or they will quickly become disoriented and bewildered. The ideal ninth grade math curriculum will offer students the opportunity to practice and expand on the skills learned in middle school. In essence, at the beginning of the year a 9th grade math student should be able to: Show exceptional proficiency in mathematical calculations. Examine and address multiple issues by applying the principles of the Pythagorean theorem. Employ logical thinking to address complex issues involving rational and irrational numbers. Rearrange algebraic equations and find the solution. This worksheet comprises 40 activities aimed at aiding your students in honing their Grade 9 math skills across the board.

In 8th grade, the main areas of focus for teaching should be: (1) understanding and working with equations and expressions, interpreting data with linear equations, and solving both linear equations and systems of them; (2) comprehending functions and utilizing them to explain relationships in numbers; (3) studying and interpreting two and three-dimensional shapes and space using measurements, similarity, congruence, and applying the Pythagorean Theorem. Students utilize linear equations and systems of linear equations to depict, examine, and find solutions for a range of problems. Students understand a function as a rule that links each input to only one output. Students apply concepts of distance and angles, as well as their transformations (translations, rotations, reflections, dilations) and concepts of congruence and similarity, to analyze and describe two-dimensional shapes and to solve problems. Use the 30 activities of this ebook to help your students perfect their Grade 8 math. Answer key provided at the end.

In the fifth grade, the main focus of instructional time should be on three key areas: (1) improving skills in adding and subtracting fractions, as well as comprehending the multiplication and division of fractions in specific situations; (2) advancing to 2-digit divisors in division, incorporating decimal fractions into place value, and mastering operations with decimals, along with whole number operations; and (3) grasping the concept of volume. Students use their knowledge of fractions and fraction models to illustrate how to add and subtract fractions with different denominators by converting them into equivalent calculations with common denominators. Students gain insight into the reasoning behind the effectiveness of division methods through the interpretation of base-ten numbers and operational properties. Students identify volume as a characteristic of three-dimensional space. This ebook includes 30 activities for Grade 5 math of the Common Core curriculum, that will help your students practise the basic math concepts of this grade. The answers are provided at the end of the book.

In the sixth grade, learning should concentrate on four key areas: relating ratio and rate to multiplication and division with whole numbers, applying ratio and rate concepts to problem-solving; mastering fraction division and expanding to rational numbers, including negative numbers; working with expressions, equations, and interpretation; and gaining insight into statistical analysis. In Grade 6, students continue to expand on their prior knowledge of area from elementary school by analyzing the connections between shapes to calculate area, surface area, and volume. They determine the areas of right triangles, as well as other triangles and specific quadrilaterals, through breaking down the shapes, moving or taking away parts, and connecting them to rectangles. By employing these techniques, students engage in conversations, create, and provide reasons for formulas pertaining to the areas of triangles and parallelograms. This ebook provides practice with 30 graded math activities, also including an answer sheet at the end.

In 7th Grade, the main focus should be on four key areas: understanding and applying proportional relationships, working with rational numbers, expressions, and linear equations, solving problems with scale drawings and geometric shapes, and making inferences about populations from samples. Students expand their knowledge of ratios and acquire comprehension of proportionality in order to solve single- and multi-step problems. Students gain a comprehensive grasp of numbers by identifying fractions, decimals (finite or repeating), and percents as various forms of rational numbers. Students continue their work with area from Grade 6, solving problems involving the area and circumference of a circle and surface area of three-dimensional objects. Students expand on their prior experience analyzing individual data distributions by comparing two data distributions and examining discrepancies between populations. Your students can practise their Grade 7 math with the 30 activities of this ebook. The Answer key is included in the end of the book.

In fourth grade, the main focus of instruction should be on three key areas: mastering multi-digit multiplication and division with multi-digit dividends, understanding equivalent fractions, adding and subtracting fractions with the same denominators, and multiplying fractions by whole numbers, and recognizing properties of geometric shapes like parallel and perpendicular sides, specific angles, and symmetry. Students extend their comprehension of place value up to 1,000,000, grasping the relative magnitudes of numbers in different place positions. As they work on multiplying multi-digit whole numbers, students use their knowledge of different multiplication models like equal-sized groups, arrays, and area models, along with concepts like place value and the distributive property, to create, talk about, and implement efficient, precise, and adaptable strategies for finding products. Students gain knowledge of how fractions are equal to each other and how to perform operations with fractions. They understand that it is possible for two fractions to be equal (e.g., 15/9 = 5/3), and they create techniques for creating and identifying equivalent fractions.

During third grade, the main focus of teaching time should be on four key areas: (1) building comprehension of multiplication and division, as well as tactics for multiplication and division up to 100; (2) building comprehension of fractions, specifically unit fractions (fractions with a numerator of 1); (3) building comprehension of the patterns in rectangular arrays and area; and (4) describing and examining two-dimensional shapes. Students gain insight into the concepts of multiplication and division of whole numbers by participating in tasks that focus on equal-sized groups, arrays, and area models. In these scenarios, multiplication involves identifying a mystery product, while division involves determining a mystery factor. Students can understand the connection between multiplication and division by examining different solution methods. Students start learning about fractions by first focusing on unit fractions. Students can utilize fractions to signify numbers that are equivalent to, smaller than, and larger than one. They address issues by analyzing fractions through visual models and strategies that identify equal numerators or denominators. Students identify area as a characteristic of two-dimensional areas. Students connect area to multiplication by breaking rectangles down into arrays of squares, and they support using multiplication to find the area of a rectangle. Students talk about, examine, and contrast characteristics of two-dimensional shapes. Shapes are compared and categorized based on their sides and angles, and then linked to shape definitions. Students connect their fraction work to geometry by representing the area of a portion of a shape as a unit fraction of the entire shape.

During Kindergarten, the main focus of instructional time should be on two important areas: (1) comparing and representing whole numbers using sets of objects; (2) explaining shapes and space. Kindergarten should focus more on teaching numbers than other subjects with additional learning time. Students utilize numbers, including written numerals, to symbolize amounts and address quantitative issues, like tallying objects in a group; tallying out a specified amount of objects; contrasting sets or numerals; and simulating basic combining and separating scenarios with sets of objects, or later on with equations like 5 + 2 = 7 and 7 - 2 = 5. Kindergarten students can be shown addition and subtraction equations, and it is recommended that they practice writing equations, although it is not mandatory. Students select, merge, and utilize efficient methods for solving mathematical problems, such as promptly identifying the quantities of small groups of items, counting and generating sets of specific sizes, totaling objects in merged sets, or determining the remaining objects in a set after some are removed.

When we refer to things that will happen in the future, we often use something known as the Simple Future tense. When we talk or write about plans, expectations, schedules, and predictions, we often use the Simple Future tense. The Simple Future tense helps convey an action or state that will begin and end in the future. We use the Simple Future tense in declarative sentences to state that something is scheduled or planned. It communicates willingness and expresses an expectation, a prediction, or a guess. This highly practical ebook contains detailed explanations on how the Simple Future is formed, when to use it, and there are plenty of activities in the end for your students to practice and master it. Anwer key is also included.

When we describe an action in the Future Perfect Continuous tense, we are projecting ourselves forward in time and looking back at the duration of that activity. The activity will have begun sometime in the past, present, or in the future, and is expected to continue in the future. For example: “In November, I will have been working at my company for three years.” There are similarities and differences between the Future Continuous and the Future Perfect Continuous tense, which might cause confusion. The main difference is that we use the Future Continuous to predict the future, while we use the Future Perfect Continuous to talk about an ongoing action that will finish before another. This practical ebook will explain how the Future Perfect Continuous is formed, when it is used, and it will also provide plenty of examples and exercises. The relevant answer key is provided at the end as well.

The Future Perfect is a verb tense used for actions that will be completed before some other point in the future. For example: “The parade will have ended by the time Chester gets out of bed. At eight o’ clock I will have left.” The Future Perfect tense is used for talking about an action that will be completed between now and some point in the future. On the other hand, the Future Perfect tense is only for actions that will be complete before a specified point in the future. In other words, the action you’re talking about must have a deadline. If you don’t mention a deadline, use the Simple Future tense instead of the Future Perfect tense. In this ebook, you will find detailed explanations on how to form the Future Perfect tense, when it should be used, and many exercises for your students to practice. There is also the relevant answer key at the end.

The Future Continuous tense is a verb tense that shows an action happening over a period of time in the future. “I will be driving all night” is an example of the Future Continuous tense, as it indicates an action continuing over a specific future period of time. Compare it to this sentence, written in the Simple Future tense: “I will drive.” Although this example indicates an intention to drive in the future, it does not refer to a continuous action over a specific period of time in the future. The Future Continuous tense can be confusing because it sometimes seems interchangeable with other future tenses. This ebook sheds light to all the uses of the Future Continuous tense. It describes how it is formed, when it is used, and has ample practice for students, with plenty of exercises and examples. The relevant answer key to the activities is also included.

This is the first book of the Practical English Grammar series, on the Simple Present Tense. Understanding and using the Simple Present correctly is essential for clear and effective communication in English. The Simple Present tense is one of the most fundamental tenses in English grammar. It is primarily used to describe habitual actions, general truths, and fixed arrangements. This book contains all the uses of the Simple Present tense, along with examples. They are followed by formation rules, and also some activities. You can use these activities in your class to teach or reinforce the use of the Simple Present Tense. It is one of the most widely used tenses of the English language, and it is very easy to use and to teach. Even younger students can easily master it and use it in no time. We hope you enjoy teaching the Simple Present Tense to your students.

The Present Perfect Continuous tense is a unique case and poses certain difficulties for English language learners. It is unique in the sense that it has an easy aspect and a difficult aspect. The difficult aspect is its formation. It needs the auxiliary verb ‘to have’ in its perfect form plus the main verb in its continuous form. This is too complicated for most students, and they usually struggle to get it right. On the other hand, the easy aspect is its usage. It is used in very specific situations that connect the past with the present, and almost always with specific time expressions like ‘for’ and ‘since’. Hence it is virtually impossible to mix it up with another tense. This ebook offers clear explanations about both the formation and the usage of the Present Perfect Continuous tense, along with examples. Students who master them can move on to the activities at the end of the book.

This is the second ebook from the highly successful Practical English Grammar series. The Present Continuous Tense is probably the most commonly used tense in English. It is used to describe an action that is happening now, at the moment of speaking, and it is therefore one of the first tenses that young students learn, as it is very easy to understand. It is also called Present Progressive. The first part of the ebook focuses on theory: the correct formation and usage of the Present Continuous tense, followed by examples. The second part of the ebook contains exercises that will help your students practise and consolidate their knowledge of the tense. Finally, there is the key to the activities, which makes the book ideal for both classroom use and self study as well. We hope that both you and your students will enjoy teaching and learning about the Present Continuous tense.

This consice ebook is about the Present Perfect tense. It is one of the tenses that cause most difficulties to English language learners, both because of its formation and because of its usage. The formation is tricky because it involves a modal verb and the past participle of the main verb. The usage is not as clearcut as other tenses in English, since it refers to an action that has started in the past, but its effects are still visible in the present. Hence, many students consider the Present Perfect tense to be a past tense and confuse it with the Simple Past tense. However, as its name suggests, the Present Perfect is a present tense. Read on to find out how this tense is formed and when it is used. At the end of the book there are some very useful practice activities to consolidate your students’ knowledge, and the relevant answer key.

This ebook provides essential information about the Past Perfect Tense, its formation and usage. We use the past perfect to talk about the past, but not just any situation in the past; we use the Past Perfect when we’re talking about two events that happened in the past and when one event happened before the other event. So it helps you to order the actions in your story. Think about the Past Perfect as helping us to create a timeline. If your students have mastered the Present Perfect tense as they should, it will be easy for them to form the Past Perfect as well. We create the Past Perfect by using the verb ‘had’ the auxiliary verb ‘had’, followed by our main verb in past participle form. Students usually confuse the Past Perfect and use the Simple Past instead. Hopefully, this ebook will help them clarify these two distinctive tenses.