The name the Hundred Years’ War has been used by historians since the beginning of the nineteenth century to describe the long conflict that pitted the kings and kingdoms of France and England against each other from 1337 to 1453. Two factors lay at the origin of the conflict: first, the status of the duchy of Guyenne (or Aquitaine)-though it belonged to the kings of England, it remained a fief of the French crown, and the kings of England wanted independent possession; second, as the closest relatives of the last direct Capetian king (Charles IV, who had died in 1328), the kings of England from 1337 claimed the crown of France.

Battle of Agincourt, (October 25, 1415), decisive battle in the Hundred Years’ War (1337–1453) that resulted in the victory of the English over the French. The English army, led by King Henry V, famously achieved victory in spite of the numerical superiority of its opponent.

On July 14th 1789, a crowd of several thousand people laid siege to the Bastille, a royal fortress, prison and armoury in eastern Paris. After a standoff of several hours, they gained access to the Bastille, overwhelmed its guards and murdered its governor. The fall of the Bastille was chiefly symbolic. The French Revolution would have days of greater political significance. Despite this, the fall of the Bastille has shaped our perceptions of the French Revolution, giving us powerful images of an outraged people in revolution.

Slavery Industrial Revolution Short Questions and Long Questions with a PEE paragraph Q. Marking scheme included

“A nuclear deterrent… Because that always calms everything right down.” (Tony Stark)

recycling, recovery and reprocessing of waste materials for use in new products. The basic phases in recycling are the collection of waste materials, their processing or manufacture into new products

computer security, also called cybersecurity, the protection of computer systems and information from harm, theft, and unauthorized use. Computer hardware is typically protected by the same means used to protect other valuable or sensitive equipment—namely, serial numbers, doors and locks, and alarms.

An assessment with short questions and 1x long PEE style question attached

'Under the cover of the WW2, the Nazis tried to kill every Jewish man, woman and child in Europe. For the first time in History, science and technology were not used to improve peoples’ lives but for the mass murder of a whole people. Six million Jews, including 1,500,000 children were murdered: this is called the Holocaust. The Nazis also enslaved and murdered millions of other people because of racism, intolerance and prejudice. Roma and Sinti people (sometimes called Gypsies), people with disabilities, Poles, Soviet prisoners of war, Jehovah’s Witnesses, homosexuals and others were killed in vast numbers. None of this happened very long ago: some of the people involved are still alive today. Nor did it happen very far from where you live. These events occurred in the ‘civilised’ countries of modern Europe. So it was not only the lives of people at the time that were torn apart by the Holocaust, but also our ideas about how human beings treat each other. Because of this the Holocaust is important not only as an event in history but also for how we live our lives today.’   Extract from ‘Torn Apart’ by Imperial War Museum

We can help you to address bullying and discrimination through PSHE education as part of a whole school approach.

In an auction sale slaves would be brought from the pen to stand on a raised platform so they could be seen by the buyers. People could inspect the slaves if they wanted to. The auctioneer would decide a price to start the bidding and whoever gave the highest price won. In a scramble sale all people who wanted to buy a slave would pay the trader an agreed amount of money. The trader would then give them a ticket and all buyers would rush in the pen and grab the slaves they wanted. It was a terrifying ordeal for the slaves.

‘Inside the chimney, high I climb Its dark inside the sooty stack, I bang my head, I graze my back, I lose all sense of passing time, Inside the chimney, high I climb

Evacuation was voluntary, but the fear of bombing, the closure of many urban schools and the organised transportation of school groups helped persuade families to send their children away to live with strangers. The schoolchildren in this photograph assembled at Myrdle School in Stepney at 5am on 1 September 1939. The adults accompanying them are wearing arm bands, which identify them as volunteer marshals.

In 1807 the slave trade was abolished throughout the British Empire. In 1833 slavery itself was abolished in all British colonies.

In the Middle Ages, the holiday began in earnest before dawn on Christmas morning with a special Christmas mass that signaled the official end of Advent and the start of the feasting season, which ran from December 25 through January 5.

During the long reign (1558–1603) of Elizabeth I, England emerged as a world power and her presence helped unify the country against foreign enemies. Her reign is often defined in terms of her skillful diplomacy, her action on religious matters, and the defeat of the Spanish Armada, Her reign also saw a brilliant flourishing in the arts.

Charles I was king of England, Scotland and Ireland, whose conflicts with parliament led to civil war and his eventual execution. Charles I was born in Fife on 19 November 1600, the second son of James VI of Scotland and Anne of Denmark. On the death of Elizabeth I in 1603 James became king of England and Ireland. Charles’s popular older brother Henry, whom he adored, died in 1612 leaving Charles as heir, and in 1625 he became king. Three months after his accession he married Henrietta Maria of France. They had a happy marriage and left five surviving children.

Maximilien François Marie Isidore de Robespierre was a French lawyer and statesman who became one of the best-known, influential, and controversial figures of the French Revolution. As a member of the Estates-General, the Constituent Assembly, and the Jacobin Club, he campaigned for universal manhood suffrage, the right to vote for people of color, Jews, actors, and domestic staff

Whereas the French had more than 900 heavy guns, the British had barely half this number for a wider front. Additional handicaps were recounted in the History of the Great War Based on Official Documents (British Official History), which states that the problem that confronted British Commander in Chief Douglas Haig was, fundamentally, that of “storming a fortress…It must be confessed that the problem was not appreciated at G.H.Q. (general headquarters).” Instead, “the failures of the past were put down to reasons other than the stout use of the machine-gun by the enemy and his scientifically-planned defences.”

Time.is displays exact, official atomic clock time for any time zone (more than 7 million locations) in 57 languages.