Companion PDF worksheet for Edexcel IGCSE Biology Lecture 5 - Biological Molecules. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Covers the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 2.7 - Identify the chemical elements present in carbohydrates, proteins and lipids. Specification Point 2.8 - Describe the structure of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids as large molecules made up from smaller basic units. Complete set of Chapter 1 Worksheets are available.

Powerpoint lecture and associated PDF worksheet covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 2.7 - Identify the chemical elements present in carbohydrates, proteins and lipids. Specification Point 2.8 - Describe the structure of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids as large molecules made up from smaller basic units. Complete set of Chapter 1 Lessons are available.

Powerpoint lecture and associated PDF worksheet covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 2.1 - Describe the level of organisation in organisms: organelles, cells, tissues, organs and organ systems. Specification Point 2.2/2.3 - Describe the structures and functions of the cell’s organelles, including the nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall, mitochondria, chloroplast, ribosome and vacuole. Specification Point 2.4 - Know the similarities and differences in the structure of plant and animal cells. Complete set of Chapter 1 Lessons are available.

Companion PDF worksheet for Edexcel IGCSE Biology Lecture 7 - Enzymes. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Specification Point 2.10 - Understand the role of enzymes as biological catalysts in metabolic reactions. Specification Point 2.11 - Understand how temperature changes can affect enzyme function, including changes to the shape of the active site. Specification Point 2.12 - Practical: Investigate how enzyme activity can be affected by changes in temperature. Specification Point 2.13 - Understand how enzyme function can be affected by changes in pH altering the active site. Complete set of Chapter 1 Worksheets are available.

Powerpoint lecture and associated PDF worksheet covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 2.18 - Understand the process of photosynthesis and its importance to the conversion of light energy into chemical energy. Specification Point 2.19 - Know the word equation and balanced chemical symbol equation for photosynthesis. Specification Point 2.20 - Understand how varying carbon dioxide concentration, light intensity and temperature affect the rate of photosynthesis. Complete set of Chapter 2 Lessons are available.

Companion PDF worksheet for Edexcel IGCSE Biology Lecture 18 - Gas Exchange in Plants. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Specification Point 2.40B - Understand the role of diffusion in gas exchange. Specification Point 2.41B - Understand gas exchange in relation to respiration and photosynthesis. Specification Point 2.42B - Understand how the structure of the leaf is adapted for gas exchange. Specification Point 2.43B - Describe the role of stomata in gas exchange. Complete set of Chapter 3 Worksheets are available.

Powerpoint lecture and associated PDF worksheet covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 2.40B - Understand the role of diffusion in gas exchange. Specification Point 2.41B - Understand gas exchange in relation to respiration and photosynthesis. Specification Point 2.42B - Understand how the structure of the leaf is adapted for gas exchange. Specification Point 2.43B - Describe the role of stomata in gas exchange. Complete set of Chapter 3 Lessons are available.

Companion PDF worksheet for Edexcel IGCSE Biology Lecture 32 - Reflexes and the Eye. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Specification Point 2.90 - Describe the structure and functioning of a simple reflex arc illustrated by the withdrawal of a finger from a hot object. Specification Point 2.91 - Describe the structure and function of the eye as a receptor. Specification Point 2.92 - Understand the function of the eye in focusing on near and distant objects, and in responding to changes in light intensity. Complete set of Chapter 4 Worksheets are available.

Powerpoint lecture and associated PDF worksheet covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 2.90 - Describe the structure and functioning of a simple reflex arc illustrated by the withdrawal of a finger from a hot object. Specification Point 2.91 - Describe the structure and function of the eye as a receptor. Specification Point 2.92 - Understand the function of the eye in focusing on near and distant objects, and in responding to changes in light intensity. Complete set of Chapter 4 Lessons are available.

Companion PDF worksheet for Edexcel IGCSE Biology Lecture 34 - Hormones. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Specification Point 2.94 - Understand the sources, roles and effects of the following hormones: adrenaline, insulin, testosterone, progesterone and oestrogen. Complete set of Chapter 4 Worksheets are available.

Companion PDF worksheet for Edexcel IGCSE Biology Lecture 40 - Evolution. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Specification Point 3.38 - Explain Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection. Specification Point 3.39 - Understand how resistance to antibiotics can increase in bacterial populations, and appreciate how such an increase can lead to infections being difficult to control. Complete set of Chapter 5 Worksheets are available.

Powerpoint lecture and associated PDF worksheet covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 3.28 - Understand how division of a diploid cell by mitosis produces two cells that contain identical sets of chromosomes. Specification Point 3.29 - Understand that mitosis occurs during growth, repair, cloning and asexual reproduction. Specification Point 3.30 - Understand how division of a cell by meiosis produces four cells, each with half the number of chromosomes, and that this results in the formation of genetically different haploid gametes. Complete set of Chapter 5 Lessons are available.

Powerpoint lecture and associated PDF worksheet covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 4.18B - Understand the effects of deforestation, including leaching, soil erosion, disturbance of evapotranspiration and the carbon cycle, and the balance of atmospheric gases. Complete set of Chapter 6 Lessons are available.

Companion PDF worksheet for Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry Lecture 23 - Acids, Bases and Salts. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Specification Point 2.34 - Know the general rules for predicting the solubility of ionic compounds in water. Specification Point 2.35 - Understand acids and bases in terms of proton transfer. Specification Point 2.36 - Understand that an acid is a proton donor and a base is a proton acceptor. Specification Point 2.37 - Describe the reactions of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid with metals, bases and metal carbonates to form salts. Specification Point 2.38 - Know that metal oxides, metal hydroxides and ammonia can act as bases, and that alkalis are bases that are soluble in water. Specification Point 2.39 - Describe an experiment to prepare a pure, dry sample of a soluble salt, starting from an insoluble reactant. Specification Point 2.42 - Practical: prepare a sample of pure, dry hydrated copper (II) sulphate crystals starting from copper (II) oxide. Complete set of Chapter 5 Worksheets are available.

Companion PDF worksheet for Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry Lecture 25 - Chemical Tests. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Specification Point 2.44 - Describe tests for these gases: hydrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, ammonia and chlorine. Specification Point 2.45 - Describe how to carry out a flame test. Specification Point 2.46 - Know the colours formed in flame tests for the following cations: lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium and copper. Specification Point 2.47 - Describe tests for these cations: ammonium using sodium hydroxide solution and identifying the gas evolved. Copper, iron (II) and iron (III) using sodium hydroxide solution. Specification Point 2.48 - Describe tests for these anions: chloride, bromide and iodide using acidified silver nitrate solution. Sulphates using acidified barium chloride solution and carbonates using hydrochloric acid and identifying the gas evolved. Specification Point 2.49 - Describe a test for the presence of water using anhydrous copper (II) sulphate. Specification Point 2.50 - Describe a physical test to show whether a sample of water is pure. Complete set of Chapter 5 Worksheets are available.

Powerpoint lecture and associated PDF worksheet covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 3.9 - Describe experiments to investigate the effects of changes in surface area of a solid, concentration of a solution, temperature and the use of a catalyst on the rate of a reaction. Specification Point 3.10 - Describe the effects of changes in surface area of a solid, concentration of a solution, pressure of a gas, temperature and the use of a catalyst on the rate of a reaction. Specification Point 3.11 - Explain the effects of changes in surface area of a solid, concentration of a solution, pressure of a gas and temperature on the rate of a reaction in terms of particle collision theory. Specification Point 3.12 - Know that a catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a reaction, but is chemically unchanged at the end of the reaction. Specification Point 3.13 - Know that a catalyst works by providing an alternative pathway with lower activation energy. Specification Point 3.15 - Practical: investigate the effect of changing the surface area of marble chips and of changing the concentration of hydrochloric acid on the rate of reaction between marble chips and dilute hydrochloric acid. Specification Point 3.16 - Practical: investigate the effect of different solids on the catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide solution. Complete set of Chapter 6 Lessons are available.

Powerpoint lecture and associated PDF worksheet covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 3.19C - Know that a reversible reaction can reach dynamic equilibrium in a sealed container. Specification Point 3.20C - Know that at dynamic equilibrium the forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate and the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant. Specification Point 3.21C - Understand why a catalyst does not affect the position of equilibrium in a reversible reaction. Specification Point 3.22C - Know the effect of changing either temperature or pressure on the position of equilibrium in a reversible reaction. Complete set of Chapter 6 Lessons are available.

Companion PDF worksheet for Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry Lecture 34 - Alkanes and Alkenes. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Specification Point 4.19 - Know the general formula for alkanes. Specification Point 4.20 - Explain why alkanes are classified as saturated hydrocarbons. Specification Point 4.21 - Understand how to draw the structural and displayed formulae for alkanes with up to five carbon atoms in the molecule, and to name the unbranched-chain isomers. Specification Point 4.22 - Describe the reactions of alkanes with halogens in the presence of ultraviolet radiation, limited to mono-substitution. Specification Point 4.23 - Know that alkenes contain a particular functional group (C=C). Specification Point 4.24 - Know the general formula for alkenes. Specification Point 4.25 - Explain why alkenes are classified as unsaturated hydrocarbons. Specification Point 4.26 - Understand how to draw the structural and displayed formulae for alkenes with up to four carbon atoms in the molecule, and name the unbranched-chain isomers. Specification Point 4.27 -Describe the reactions of alkenes with bromine to produce dibromoalkanes. Specification Point 4.28 - Describe how bromine water can be used to distinguish between an alkane and an alkene. Complete set of Chapter 7 Worksheets are available.

Powerpoint lecture and associated PDF worksheet covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 2.1 - Understand how the similarities in the reactions of the group 1 elements with water provide evidence for their recognition as a family of elements. Specification Point 2.2 - Understand how the differences between the reactions of the alkali metals with air and water provide evidence for the trend in reactivity in group 1. Specification Point 2.3 - Use knowledge of trends in group 1 to predict the properties of other alkali metals. Specification Point 2.4C - Explain the trend in reactivity in group 1 in terms of electronic configurations. Complete set of Chapter 4 Lessons are available.