This complete year 12 lesson on moles and gas volumes is ideal for classroom or home learning and features a 45 slide interactive PowerPoint that aims to illustrate the concepts in a visual way and includes starter, learning checks, example calculations, multiple choice quiz, and plenary. An 8 page worksheet, a lesson plan and answers to all exercises are provided.
This lesson is part of a series covering the OCR AS Chemistry specification and relates to the following sections:
Module 2 – Foundations in chemistry
Part 1 – Atoms and reactions
2.1.3 – Amount of substance
Content covered:
• Molar volume of a gas
• Moles and gas volume triangle
• Summary of relationships for gases between amount of substance, volume, mass and number of molecules
• Calculating amount of substance from volume of gas and vice versa
• Ideal gases
• The ideal gas equation
Duration: 1 lesson
Please review!
Links
Previous lesson: Topic 6 - Determining formulae
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/determining-formulae-ocr-as-chemistry-12347977
Next lesson: Topic 8 – Moles and concentrations of solutions
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/moles-and-concentration-of-solutions-ocr-as-chemistry-12391026
Free resource - standard form, decimal places and significant figures
https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/standard-form-decimal-places-and-significant-figures-a-level-chemistry-12405507
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A bundle is a package of resources grouped together to teach a particular topic, or a series of lessons, in one place.
Bundle
Foundations in Chemistry
This bundle is ideal for classroom or home learning and covers the whole of the OCR A level chemistry specification module 2 - Foundations in Chemistry, sections 2.1 and 2.2. Each topic includes a fully interactive PowerPoint including starter, group activities, questions and plenary along with a worksheet and a lesson plan. Answers to all exercises are provided. Some of the resources include a PowerPoint quiz. A practical activity on titration is also included. This bundle relates to the following sections of the OCR AS Chemistry specification: Module 2 – Foundations in chemistry Part 1 – Atoms and reactions (whole) 2.1.1 – Atomic structure and isotopes 2.1.2 – Compounds, formulae and equations 2.1.3 – Amount of substance 2.1.4 – Acids 2.1.5 − Redox Part 2 – Electrons, bonding and structure (whole) 2.2.1 – Electron structure 2.2.2 – Bonding and structure Module 3 – The Periodic table and energy Part 1 –The Periodic Table (part) 3.1.1 (Periodicity) (part) **Content covered:** **The changing atom** How Science Works - HSW7 - The changing accepted models of atomic structure over time. The contributions of five scientists to the development of the theory of atomic structure. **Atomic structure** • Protons, neutrons and electrons – mass and relative charge • Atomic number and mass number • Isotopes • Key definitions **Atomic masses** • Relative masses - comparison of masses to carbon-12 • Calculating relative atomic mass from the masses and abundances of the isotopes • Mass spectrometry and its use in the above • Calculating relative molecular and relative formula masses from formulae • Key definitions of relative atomic mass and relative isotopic mass **Formulae and equations** • Formulae of ions • Predicting ionic charges from the Periodic Table • Writing the formulae of ionic compounds and elements • Writing and balancing equations • Common types of reaction and their equations **Amount of substance and the mole** • Relative masses and the mole • Avogadro constant • Calculating number of atoms • Amount of substance • Molar mass • Calculating amount of substance from total mass and vice versa • Mole triangle **Determining formulae** • Definitions and use of the terms empirical and molecular formula • Simplest whole number ratios • Calculations of empirical and molecular formulae, from composition by mass or percentage compositions by mass and relative molecular mass • Calculating % by mass from the formula • The terms anhydrous, hydrated and water of crystallisation • Calculation of the formula of a hydrated salt from given percentage composition, mass composition or based on experimental results **Moles and gas volumes** • Molar volume of a gas • Moles and gas volume triangle • Summary of relationships for gases between amount of substance, volume, mass and number of molecules • Calculating amount of substance from volume of gas and vice versa • Ideal gases • The ideal gas equation **Moles, concentrations and solutions** • Definitions and use of the terms concentration and mass concentration • Concentrated and dilute • Relationship between concentration, amount in mol and volume including concentration triangle • Calculating concentration, amount in mol, volume and mass from given data • Example calculations • Mass concentrations • Choosing the correct glassware to measure volumes • Standard solutions • Practical activity – making up a standard solution • Diluting solutions and calculations • Practical activity – diluting solutions **Moles and reactions** • Balanced chemical equations and stoichiometry • Molar ratios • Using molar ratio to calculate amounts in moles of reactants and products in a chemical reaction • Using molar ratio to calculate masses of reactants and products in a chemical reaction • Using molar ratio to calculate volumes of gases in a chemical reaction • Flow diagrams showing steps in calculations involving quantities of reacting substances • Example calculations – clearly illustrated in a highly visual way **Percentage yield and atom economy** • Introduction to Green Chemistry • Reasons why reactions do not have 100% yield • % yield and how to calculate it • Calculations of % yield involving limiting reactant • Atom economy and its importance in the sustainability of a chemical process • Calculating atom economy • Example calculations – clearly illustrated in a highly visual way • Differences between atom economy and % yield • Comparing chemical processes in terms of sustainability (using production of ethanol as an example) **Acids and bases** • Definitions of acid, base, alkali and salt • Formulae of acids, bases, alkalis and salts • The relationship between bases and alkalis • The pH scale • Everyday examples of acids and bases • Weak and strong acids • Diprotic acids • Writing and balancing neutralization reactions (including acid-carbonate reactions) • Ionic equations **Acid-base titrations** • Titration and uses • Standard solution • Glassware and procedure for titration with detailed hints for technique • Reading burette • Recording titration results and calculating the mean • Titration calculations • Examples of structured and unstructured calculations • Revision of calculations involving masses and volumes • Practical titration activity • Evaluation of titration experiment • Uncertainties and calculating % uncertainties • Procedural errors **Redox** • Redox definition in terms of electron transfer • Oxidation numbers and how to calculate them • Oxidation number in chemical names • Redox definition in terms of oxidation number • Using oxidation numbers to identify redox reactions and determine what has been oxidised and reduced • Oxidising and reducing agents • Disproportionation as oxidation and reduction of the same element **Electron configuration - shells, sub-shells and orbitals** • Energy levels • Main shells, sub-shells and orbitals • Rules for filling orbitals • Electron configurations of atoms and ions • Deducing electron configuration using the Periodic Table • Relationship of electron configuration to the Periodic Table **Ionic bonding** • Bonding and the Periodic Table • Predicting ionic formulae • Definition of ionic bonding • Dot-and-cross diagrams – some of them animated • Half equations • Giant ionic lattice • Physical properties of ionic compounds including: • melting point • electrical conductivity • solubility in polar and non-polar solvents **Covalent bonding** • Definition of a covalent bond • Single, double and triple covalent bonds • Lone pairs • How to construct dot-and-cross diagrams • Dative covalent or coordinate bonds • The Octet Rule and exceptions • Average bond enthalpies **Shapes of molecules and ions** • Electron pair repulsion theory (VSEPR) • Effect of lone pairs on shape • Model answer to exam question • How to draw simple shapes in 3D • Bond angles **Electronegativity and bond polarity** • Definition of electronegativity • Atomic core and calculation of core charge • Factors affecting electronegativity • Pauling scale of electronegativity • Electronegativity and bond polarity • Non-polar and polar covalent bonds • Electronegativity and bonding type (including intermediate bonding) • Polarity of molecules from the bond polarities and the molecular shape • Predicting whether a molecule will have an overall dipole from its symmetry **Intermolecular forces** • What are intermolecular forces? • Strengths of bonds and intermolecular forces • Types of intermolecular forces • Induced dipole-dipole interactions (London (dispersion) forces) • How London forces arise • Factors affecting strength of London forces • Permanent dipole-dipole interactions • How permanent dipole-dipole interactions arise • How intermolecular forces affect properties • Hydrogen bonding • What’s special about hydrogen bonds • Effects of hydrogen bonds on properties • Special properties of water • Summary of intermolecular forces • Predicting the type of intermolecular forces **Structure and bonding** • Factors influencing physical properties • The way the atoms/ions are grouped together (structure) • The type of particles the solid is built up from • The bonds or forces holding these particles together • Structure and physical properties of ionic compounds (see also topic 15) • Structures and physical properties of covalent substances including giant covalent and simple molecular • Diamond and graphite – structures and properties • Graphene • Metallic bonding, structure and physical properties • Summary of types of bonding • Jigsaw discussion to summarise 4 main types of structure and their properties **Links** Next lesson – free resource: Topic 21 – the Periodic Table past and present http://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/periodic-table-past-and-present-ocr-as-chemistry-12964450
£32.50
Bundle
Atoms and Reactions OCR AS Chemistry
This bundle is ideal for classroom or home learning and covers the whole of the OCR A level chemistry specification sections 2.1 - Atoms and Reactions Each topic includes a fully interactive PowerPoint including starter, group activities, questions and plenary along with a worksheet and a lesson plan. Answers to all exercises are provided. Some of the resources include a PowerPoint quiz. A practical activity on titration is also included. This bundle relates to the following sections of the OCR AS Chemistry specification: Module 2 – Foundations in chemistry Part 1 – Atoms and reactions (whole) 2.1.1 – Atomic structure and isotopes 2.1.2 – Compounds, formulae and equations 2.1.3 – Amount of substance 2.1.4 – Acids 2.1.5 − Redox **Content covered:** **The changing atom** How Science Works - HSW7 - The changing accepted models of atomic structure over time. The contributions of five scientists to the development of the theory of atomic structure. **Atomic structure** • Protons, neutrons and electrons – mass and relative charge • Atomic number and mass number • Isotopes • Key definitions **Atomic masses** • Relative masses - comparison of masses to carbon-12 • Calculating relative atomic mass from the masses and abundances of the isotopes • Mass spectrometry and its use in the above • Calculating relative molecular and relative formula masses from formulae • Key definitions of relative atomic mass and relative isotopic mass **Formulae and equations** • Formulae of ions • Predicting ionic charges from the Periodic Table • Writing the formulae of ionic compounds and elements • Writing and balancing equations • Common types of reaction and their equations **Amount of substance and the mole** • Relative masses and the mole • Avogadro constant • Calculating number of atoms • Amount of substance • Molar mass • Calculating amount of substance from total mass and vice versa • Mole triangle **Determining formulae** • Definitions and use of the terms empirical and molecular formula • Simplest whole number ratios • Calculations of empirical and molecular formulae, from composition by mass or percentage compositions by mass and relative molecular mass • Calculating % by mass from the formula • The terms anhydrous, hydrated and water of crystallisation • Calculation of the formula of a hydrated salt from given percentage composition, mass composition or based on experimental results **Moles and gas volumes** • Molar volume of a gas • Moles and gas volume triangle • Summary of relationships for gases between amount of substance, volume, mass and number of molecules • Calculating amount of substance from volume of gas and vice versa • Ideal gases • The ideal gas equation **Moles and concentrations of solutions** • Definitions and use of the terms concentration and mass concentration • Concentrated and dilute • Relationship between concentration, amount in mol and volume including concentration triangle • Calculating concentration, amount in mol, volume and mass from given data • Example calculations • Mass concentrations • Choosing the correct glassware to measure volumes • Standard solutions • Practical activity – making up a standard solution • Diluting solutions and calculations • Practical activity – diluting solutions **Moles and reactions** • Balanced chemical equations and stoichiometry • Molar ratios • Using molar ratio to calculate amounts in moles of reactants and products in a chemical reaction • Using molar ratio to calculate masses of reactants and products in a chemical reaction • Using molar ratio to calculate volumes of gases in a chemical reaction • Flow diagrams showing steps in calculations involving quantities of reacting substances • Example calculations – clearly illustrated in a highly visual way **Percentage yield and atom economy** • Introduction to Green Chemistry • Reasons why reactions do not have 100% yield • % yield and how to calculate it • Calculations of % yield involving limiting reactant • Atom economy and its importance in the sustainability of a chemical process • Calculating atom economy • Example calculations – clearly illustrated in a highly visual way • Differences between atom economy and % yield • Comparing chemical processes in terms of sustainability (using production of ethanol as an example) **Acids and bases** • Definitions of acid, base, alkali and salt • Formulae of acids, bases, alkalis and salts • The relationship between bases and alkalis • The pH scale • Everyday examples of acids and bases • Weak and strong acids • Diprotic acids • Writing and balancing neutralization reactions (including acid-carbonate reactions) • Ionic equations **Acid-base titrations** • Titration and uses • Standard solution • Glassware and procedure for titration with detailed hints for technique • Reading burette • Recording titration results and calculating the mean • Titration calculations • Examples of structured and unstructured calculations • Revision of calculations involving masses and volumes • Practical titration activity • Evaluation of titration experiment • Uncertainties and calculating % uncertainties • Procedural errors **Redox** • Redox definition in terms of electron transfer • Oxidation numbers and how to calculate them • Oxidation number in chemical names • Redox definition in terms of oxidation number • Using oxidation numbers to identify redox reactions and determine what has been oxidised and reduced • Oxidising and reducing agents • Disproportionation as oxidation and reduction of the same element **Links** Next bundle: Electrons and bonding https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/electrons-and-bonding-ocr-as-chemistry-12605443 Next topic Topic 14 – Electron configuration – shells, sub-shells and orbitals https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/electron-configuration-shells-sub-shells-and-orbitals-ocr-as-chemistry-12207312
£22.00
Bundle
Moles, masses, concentrations, gas volumes and reactions OCR AS Chemistry
This bundle is ideal for classroom or home learning and covers the whole of the OCR A level chemistry specification section 2.1.3 - Amount of Substance (together with the free resource - topic 10 Percentage yield and atom economy) Each topic includes a fully interactive PowerPoint including starter, group activities, questions and plenary along with a worksheet and a lesson plan. Answers to all exercises are provided. Some of the resources include a PowerPoint quiz. This bundle is the second in a series covering the OCR AS Chemistry specification and relates to the following sections: Module 2 – Foundations in chemistry Part 1 – Atoms and reactions 2.1.3 – Amount of substance **Content covered** **Amount of substance and the mole** • Relative masses and the mole • Avogadro constant • Calculating number of atoms • Amount of substance • Molar mass • Calculating amount of substance from total mass and vice versa • Mole triangle **Determining formulae** • Definitions and use of the terms empirical and molecular formula • Simplest whole number ratios • Calculations of empirical and molecular formulae, from composition by mass or percentage compositions by mass and relative molecular mass • Calculating % by mass from the formula • The terms anhydrous, hydrated and water of crystallisation • Calculation of the formula of a hydrated salt from given percentage composition, mass composition or based on experimental results **Moles and gas volumes** • Molar volume of a gas • Moles and gas volume triangle • Summary of relationships for gases between amount of substance, volume, mass and number of molecules • Calculating amount of substance from volume of gas and vice versa • Ideal gases • The ideal gas equation **Moles and concentrations of solutions** • Definitions and use of the terms concentration and mass concentration • Concentrated and dilute • Relationship between concentration, amount in mol and volume including concentration triangle • Calculating concentration, amount in mol, volume and mass from given data • Example calculations • Mass concentrations • Choosing the correct glassware to measure volumes • Standard solutions • Practical activity – making up a standard solution • Diluting solutions and calculations • Practical activity – diluting solutions **Moles and reactions** • Balanced chemical equations and stoichiometry • Molar ratios • Using molar ratio to calculate amounts in moles of reactants and products in a chemical reaction • Using molar ratio to calculate masses of reactants and products in a chemical reaction • Using molar ratio to calculate volumes of gases in a chemical reaction • Flow diagrams showing steps in calculations involving quantities of reacting substances • Example calculations – clearly illustrated in a highly visual way **Percentage yield and atom economy** • Introduction to Green Chemistry • Reasons why reactions do not have 100% yield • % yield and how to calculate it • Calculations of % yield involving limiting reactant • Atom economy and its importance in the sustainability of a chemical process • Calculating atom economy • Example calculations – clearly illustrated in a highly visual way • Differences between atom economy and % yield • Comparing chemical processes in terms of sustainability (using production of ethanol as an example) **Links** **Previous bundle:** ***Atomic structure, masses, formulae and equations*** https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/atomic-masses-formulae-and-equations-ocr-as-chemistry-12348685 **Next bundle** ***Acids, titrations and redox*** https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/acids-titrations-and-redox-ocr-as-chemistry-12749654 ***Free resource - standard form, decimal places and significant figures*** https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/standard-form-decimal-places-and-significant-figures-a-level-chemistry-12405507
£12.50
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