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GCSE AQA Sociology INTRO LESSONS & QUIZ
Akinyemi1993Akinyemi1993

GCSE AQA Sociology INTRO LESSONS & QUIZ

6 Resources
Detailed and differentiated (up and down) student-led lessons that help students to develop their knowledge and understanding from previous lesson(s). Includes 6 lessons (the last being a quiz lesson) and a key term sheet that covers the key terms in these lessons: **L1 – Intro to GCSE AQA Sociology: ** an overview of the course, exam and curriculum An activity on how to create and maintain a safe space for discussions suggested revision websites and youtube channels that students can use to develop their knowledge and understanding of key ideas and concepts. activities to introduce students to Sociology and sociological thinking/ inquiry. Expectations L2 – How might sociologists explain behavior? Explores, norms, values, socialisation (primary/secondary) and social control, agencies and agents of socialisation and social control as an introduction to Sociology. Also looks at the importance of primary socialisation and the consequences of it inadequately performed. 3 marker with a success criteria and student friendly mark-scheme L3 – Intro to functionalism Explores value consensus, social order, biological/ organic analogy, structuralism, consensus theories and social cohesion as way of introducing students to the key main functionalist views and ideas. 3 marker with a success criteria and student friendly mark-scheme L4 – Intro to Marxism explores capitalism, profit, social class, ownership, interests, structuralism, conflict theories, exploitation, false consciousness and social relations of production as a way to introduce students to the main Marxist views and ideas. **L5 – Intro to feminism ** explores sex, gender, gender roles, patriarchy, gender inequality as a way to introduce students to the main feminist views of society and ideas. 3 marker with a success criteria and student friendly mark-scheme **L6 – Quiz lesson ** small revision activity –that looks at the similarities and differences between functionalism, Marxism and feminism 25 min quiz (on basic sociological concepts, key functionalist, Marxist, feminist’s ideas and terminology) answers/ mark-scheme for quiz scaffolding for students to peer assess (but quiz can also be marked by teacher) SAME as A-level intro quiz but excludes questions on the nature – nurture debate. Made to meet the needs of the AQA SPEC but can be edited to meet the needs of any spec, e.g. key terms in L2-5 meet the AQA spec Answers included for main activities and quiz **L2,3 & 5 include 3 marker, success criteria to answer this and student-friendly mark-scheme for self and/ or peer-assessment. **
AQA A-level Sociology Families: Theories of the family – Parson’s view of the family
Akinyemi1993Akinyemi1993

AQA A-level Sociology Families: Theories of the family – Parson’s view of the family

(0)
Detailed and differentiated (up and down) student-led lesson that examines, analyses and evaluates functionalist Parsons view of the family (functional fit theory) and his functions (mainly stabilisation of adult personalities – NOT primary socialisation). Lesson explores the key terms: Functional fit theory​, Stabilisation of adult personalities (Warm Bath Theory)​, Functional fit theory, Geographic mobility​, Social mobility​, Unit of production​ and Unit of consumption. Lesson makes links to general functionalist key terms and family key terms that students might have previously been taught. Main activity makes reference to AQA A-level Book 1 by Townsend ***** MOST ACTIVITIES INCLUDE ANSWERS**** Starter assesses prior learning on family topics: couples, childhood and Murdock’s functions. ***** WORKSHEETS AT THE END OF THE PPT**
Sociology Education Class differences in achievement - Cultural deprivation
Akinyemi1993Akinyemi1993

Sociology Education Class differences in achievement - Cultural deprivation

(0)
Detailed and differentiated (up and down), student led lesson that explores collectivism vs individualism, elaborate vs restricted code, subculture, fatalism vs meritocracy, deferred vs immediate gratification, meritocracy, present-time vs future orientated vs compensatory education to enable students to understand the role of cultural deprivation in causing class differences in achievement/ working-class underachievement. Also covers and supports students in answering 4/6 markers using a success criteria and student-friendly mark-schemes. ANSWERS TO MAIN ACTIVITIES AND EXAM QUESTIONS ARE INCLUDED COMES WITH FREE A-LEVEL HELP SHEET AND KEY TERM SHEET FOR TOPIC 1 & 2 **Made for AQA A-level but can be easily used for other specs (just need a different source of information/ textbook) differentiated down for GCSE) lesson ** Uses and refers to ’ AQA A Level Sociology Book One Including AS Level: Book one 3rd Revised edition by Rob Webb, Hal Westergaard, Keith Trobe, Annie Townend ’ textbook
KEY TERMS SHEET - AQA A-level Sociology Families: Topic 1 Couples
Akinyemi1993Akinyemi1993

KEY TERMS SHEET - AQA A-level Sociology Families: Topic 1 Couples

(0)
Key term sheet for AQA A-level Sociology Family Topic 1 Couples that requires students to fill out the definitions themselves. Includes some sentence starters for more difficult topics. Good form of revision for students and can be used as a revision resource to develop AO1 once filled out. **BASED ON CONTENT in textbook - AQA A Level Sociology Book One Including AS Level: Book one 3rd Revised edition by Rob Webb, Hal Westergaard, Keith Trobe, Annie Townend ’ textbook
WRITING FRAME  - AQA A-level Sociology: Families – Topic  6  Family diversity 20 marker
Akinyemi1993Akinyemi1993

WRITING FRAME - AQA A-level Sociology: Families – Topic 6 Family diversity 20 marker

(0)
Detailed writing frame that scaffolds (from introduction to conclusion) a full answer for a 20 marker on evaluating the view that individual choice in personal relationships has made family life less important in the United Kingdom today (family -topic 6 family diversity). *** Based on AQA specification** Models and supports students with how to use the item to select points or arguments to answer the question and how to plan essays using planning success criteria. Outlines the success criteria and provides sentence starters for the full essay (intro, main body and conclusion). Success criteria used for paragraphs in main body of essay is PEELE/A Outlines the key terms, sociologists, theories that can be used when answering the question. Supports students who need support and guidance with writing essays whilst providing students who are already good at writing essays opportunities to further improve their essay skills.
Sociology Education Class differences in achievement (internal factors) - Class identities
Akinyemi1993Akinyemi1993

Sociology Education Class differences in achievement (internal factors) - Class identities

(0)
Detailed and differentiated (up and down), student led lesson that explores pupil identity, class identities, habitus, symbolic capital, symbolic violence, nike identities, style performances to enable students to understand the role of class identities in causing class differences in achievement/ working-class underachievement/ middle-class achievement. Also covers and supports students in answering 4/6 markers using a success criteria and student-friendly mark-schemes. ANSWERS TO MAIN ACTIVITIES AND EXAM QUESTIONS ARE INCLUDED COMES WITH FREE A-LEVEL HELP SHEET AND KEY TERM SHEET FOR TOPIC 1 & 2 **Made for AQA A-level but can be easily used for other specs (just need a different source of information/ textbook) differentiated down for GCSE) lesson ** Uses and refers to ’ AQA A Level Sociology Book One Including AS Level: Book one 3rd Revised edition by Rob Webb, Hal Westergaard, Keith Trobe, Annie Townend ’ textbook
Sociology Education Class differences in achievement - Labelling
Akinyemi1993Akinyemi1993

Sociology Education Class differences in achievement - Labelling

(0)
Detailed and differentiated (up and down), student led lesson that explores labelling, self-fulfilling-prophecy/ pygmallion effect, determinism and interactionism to enable students to understand the role of labelling in causing class differences in achievement/ working-class underachievement/ middle-achievement. **ANSWERS TO MOST ACTIVITIES ** COMES WITH FREE A-LEVEL HELP SHEET AND KEY TERM SHEET FOR TOPIC 1 & 2 **Made for AQA A-level but can be easily used for other specs (just need a different source of information/ textbook) differentiated down for GCSE) lesson ** Uses and refers to ’ AQA A Level Sociology Book One Including AS Level: Book one 3rd Revised edition by Rob Webb, Hal Westergaard, Keith Trobe, Annie Townend ’ textbook
SOCIOLOGY Research Methods - INTRO,  PET ISSUES, SAMPLING METHODS
Akinyemi1993Akinyemi1993

SOCIOLOGY Research Methods - INTRO, PET ISSUES, SAMPLING METHODS

3 Resources
Detailed and differentiated set of student-led lessons made for AQA A/AS-LEVEL SOCIOLOGY but can be differentiated for GCSE (see below-L2) and any SPEC (as it goes through the main methods, terms, issues for social research in general: Intro to Methods Explores primary vs secondary methods, quantitative vs qualitative methods, validity and reliability as a way to introduce students to the main main research methods. Explores practical (time, cost, research opportunity, requirements of funding body & subject matter), ethical (informed consent, confidentiality, harm to participants, vulnerable groups & covert research) and theoretical issues (validity, reliability, representativeness, methodological perspectives, interpretivism & positivism). *** Catered towards A-LEVEL AQA sociology but if main activity can be replaced, the rest can be used for GCSE and ANY SPEC.** *** Main activity uses pages 92-94 of the AQA A Level Sociology Book One Including AS Level: Book one 3rd Revised edition by Rob Webb, Hal Westergaard, Keith Trobe, Annie Townend** explores sampling methods, sampling frame, representative (sample), generalising (findings) and the relationship between these and positivism vss interpretivism and theoretical issues LESSON COMES WITH ANSWERS
Sociology Education Class diff in achievement (external & internal) Folder organisation lesson
Akinyemi1993Akinyemi1993

Sociology Education Class diff in achievement (external & internal) Folder organisation lesson

(0)
Explores the importance of organisation and guides and supports students in organising their classwork for class differences in achievement external and internal factors (Topic 1& 2 AQA A/ AS-level spec) Includes: Assessment tracker Example of how folder might be organised Reflection activity Education folder dividers - to help students separate and organise their class and home learning. Made for AQA A/AS-level Sociology but can be used for ANY SPEC
AQA A-level Sociology Theories of the family lessons, key term sheet and revision lesson
Akinyemi1993Akinyemi1993

AQA A-level Sociology Theories of the family lessons, key term sheet and revision lesson

8 Resources
Bundle includes: Lessons: L1 Functionalist Murdock: * Detailed and differentiated (up and down) student-led lesson that recaps the functionalist view of society and examines and evaluates functionalist Murdock’s four functions: Sexual function ​, Reproductive function , Education function ​, Economic function. * Lesson makes links to other functionalist and family key terms that students might have previously been taught. L2 Functionalist Parsons Detailed and differentiated (up and down) student-led lesson that examines, analyses and evaluates functionalist Parsons view of the family (functional fit theory) and his functions (mainly stabilisation of adult personalities – NOT primary socialisation). Lesson explores the key terms: Functional fit theory​, Stabilisation of adult personalities (Warm Bath Theory)​, Functional fit theory, Geographic mobility​, Social mobility​, Unit of production​ and Unit of consumption. L3-4 Marxist Detailed and differentiated (up and down) student-led lesson that examines, analyses and evaluates Marxists Althusser, Zaretsky and Engels’ views and functions of the family. Lesson explores the concepts: Marxist Warm Bath Theory, Monogamy , The monogamous nuclear family , Unit of consumption, Pester power, ideology, ideological function, false consciousness Lesson makes links to general Marxist key terms and other family key terms that students might have previously been taught. L5 Feminist Detailed and differentiated (up and down) student-led lesson that examines and evaluates Liberal (Somerville​), Radical (Greer), Marxist (Ansley) and Difference feminist views and functions of the family. Lesson explores the concepts: Political lesbianism , Separatism​, Reserve army of labour​, Oppression Lesson makes links to general feminist key terms and other key terms that students might have previously been taught, e.g. Patriarchy, Capitalism, Proletariat, Bourgeoisie, Conflict theory​, Exploitation, Alienation, Gendered socialisation Canalisation ,Gender roles, Warm Bath Theory, Structuralism, etc. L6 Personal life perspective Detailed and differentiated (up and down) student-led lesson that examines and evaluates Liberal (Somerville​), Radical (Greer), Marxist (Ansley) and Difference feminist views and functions of the family. Lesson explores the concepts: The personal life perspective​, Donor-conceived children Lesson makes links to other key terms students might have previously been taught: Interactionism vs Structuralism​, Family diversity, Same-sex families ** LESSONS BASED ON AQA A-level Book 1 by Townsend ** ** MOST OF THE ANSWERS FOR MOST THE ACTIVITIES INCLUDED** **RESOURCES AT THE END OF THE PPT (if not included in download folder. ** Key term sheet - on the key terms examined in ALL lessons (L1-6) Revision lesson - Detailed and differentiated (up and down), student led lesson that: * recaps the key sociologists students learn in this topic and what they say about the function(S) of the family. recaps the main umbrella theories that students learn in year 12 (structuralism vs interactionism, modernism vs postmodernism and conflict vs consensus theories), how they view society and how this influences functionalist, marxist, feminist and personal life perspective approaches to the family. how the knowledge above can be applied to exam questions to demonstrate both analysis and evaluation (AO3), e.g. by highlight the similarities and differences between the different theories of family or using knowledge of the umbrella theories to evaluate theories of the family. supports students with planning a 20 marker on theories of the family using the item.**
AQA A-level Families- Couples: Intro to the family structures/ types
Akinyemi1993Akinyemi1993

AQA A-level Families- Couples: Intro to the family structures/ types

(0)
Detailed and differentiated (up and down) student-led lesson that examines and analyses the following key terms to introduce students to the main family structures: Family, Household,Family structure/ type, Nuclear family, Lone-parent family, Same-sex family, Reconstituted family (or blended family) , Beanpole family, Extend family (horizontally and vertically) , Empty-nest family, Cohabitating couples, Contemporary society, Traditional, Family diversity, Living Apart Together/ LATs (extension) ***** ANSWERS for MOST MAIN activities INCLUDED**** ***** ALL RESOURCES INCLUDED AND CAN BE FOUND OUT THE END OF PPT *****
AQA A-LEVEL Sociology Education: Topic 3 - Ethnic differences - LESSONS, REVISION & KEY SHEETS
Akinyemi1993Akinyemi1993

AQA A-LEVEL Sociology Education: Topic 3 - Ethnic differences - LESSONS, REVISION & KEY SHEETS

7 Resources
INCLUDES THE FOLLOWING: 1. LESSONS: L1 - Cultural deprivation Detailed and differentiated (up and down) student led lesson that introduces students to ethnic differences in achievement and explores how different aspects of cultural deprivation (language, attitudes and values, and parental structure) might cause ethnic differences in achievement. To do this, the lesson explores the following key terms: ethnic group, ethnic differences in achievement, cultural deprivation, compensatory education and makes reference to other key terms students should have previously learnt (restricted code, working-class subculture, meritocracy, internal vs external factors, cultural vs material factors) Uses and refers to ’ AQA A Level Sociology Book One Including AS Level: Book one 3rd Revised edition by Rob Webb, Hal Westergaard, Keith Trobe, Annie Townend ’ textbook ANSWERS FOR MAIN ACTIVITY CAN BE FOUND ON NEXT SLIDE AFTER ACTIVITY SLIDE *STUDENT FRIENDLY MARK-SCHEME FOR 4 MARKER INCLUDED L2 - Material deprivation and racism in wider society Detailed and differentiated (up and down) student led lesson on how a. material deprivation and b. racism in wider society might cause ethnic differences in achievement. Makes reference to key terms material vs cultural factors, external vs internal factors, the meaning/ patterns of ethnic differences in achievement. Uses and refers to ’ AQA A Level Sociology Book One Including AS Level: Book one 3rd Revised edition by Rob Webb, Hal Westergaard, Keith Trobe, Annie Townend ’ textbook ANSWERS FOR MAIN ACTIVITIES CAN BE FOUND ON NEXT SLIDE AFTER ACTIVITY SLIDE INCLUDES ORACY ACTIVITY L3 - Negative labelling and teacher racism Detailed and differentiated (up and down) student led lesson that explores the following so students are able to understand and explain how negative labelling and teacher racism might cause ethnic differences in achievement: Ideal pupil​ identity , Pathologised pupil​ identity, Demonised pupil​ identity, Colour-blind​ teachers, Liberal chauvinist​ teachers, Overt racist​ teachers, Rebels subcultures, Conformist​ subcultures, Retreatist​ subcultures, Innovators subcultures Differentiates between Gillborn and Youdell (or Bourne or Olser), Sewell, Mirza’s view of how teachers might be racist and how this might affect achievement for different groups. Lesson makes links to the following terms that students should have covered before completing this lesson: Labelling, Self-fulfilling prophecy, Streaming, Streams ​​A-C economy, Educational triage, Interactionism vs Structuralism, Stereotype, Ethnicity Cultural deprivation Collectivism vs individualism. **NOTE – Students will need to have basic to reasonable knowledge of labelling and the self-fulfilling prophecy. ** Uses and refers to ’ AQA A Level Sociology Book One Including AS Level: Book one 3rd Revised edition by Rob Webb, Hal Westergaard, Keith Trobe, Annie Townend ’ textbook L4 - Institutional racism Detailed and differentiated (up and down) student led lesson that explores the following so students are able to understand institutional racism and explain how it might cause ethnic differences in achievement: Institutional racism, Marketisation (extension), The New IQism, Ethnocentric, Ethnocentric curriculum, Model minorities, The foundation stage profile (FSP), Aim Higher initiatives/ programmes Covers the ideas of Troyna and Williams Gillborn, David, Ball, Sewell (as a criticism) Covers criticisms of Gillborn’s arguments Includes answers for MOST activities - NOTE - NO ANSWERS FOR ‘DO NOW’ but can be done on the board with students. Makes some links to the following key terms students should know: Internal vs External factors, Cultural vs Material factors, Social processes, Labelling, Streaming, Self-fulfilling prophecy NOTE: **** RESOURCES FOR LESSONS CAN BE FOUND AT THE END OF PPT **USE and refers to ’ AQA A Level Sociology Book One Including AS Level: Book one 3rd Revised edition by Rob Webb, Hal Westergaard, Keith Trobe, Annie Townend ’ textbook **2. REVISION LESSON ** Detailed and differentiated (up and down) student led lesson that: uses scaffolding to guide students in making a mind-map of the topic as a revision material -recaps the success criteria for 10 markers with item -provides a model paragraph for a 10 marker item on this topic -uses scaffolding to help students write their own 10 mark (item) paragraphs or full answers. -includes 4 different 10 markers (with item). for this topic 3. KEY TERM SHEETS Alphabetical key term sheet for AQA A-level Sociology Education Topic 3 ethnic differences in achievement that requires students to fill out the definitions themselves. *** Includes scaffolding, e.g. some sentence starters (to model to students how to incorporate key sociologists into their definitions) and prompts to help students remember how key term links to the topic. ** *** Includes a section with key terms that students should know from previous learning(links to key terms covered in class differences in achievement, e.g. labelling, pupil identities, material deprivation, speech codes etc) that link to this topic. ** DOES NOT INCLUDE IN TABLE key terms covered in Topic 1 & 2 Class diff key term sheet, e.g. labelling and the self-fulfilling prophecy Good form of revision for students and can be used as a revision resource to develop AO1 once filled out. **BASED ON CONTENT textbook - AQA A Level Sociology Book One Including AS Level: Book one 3rd Revised edition by Rob Webb, Hal Westergaard, Keith Trobe, Annie Townend ’ textbook **4. KEY SOCIOLOGISTS SHEET ** Alphabetical list of sociologists who attempt to explain ethnic differences in achievement. SOME scaffolding with some sentence starters, prompts to help students with what some sociologists might says and put into external vs internal factors categories . Requires students to write done what key sociologists from the topic ethnic differences in achievement (external and internal factors). Good form of revision and revision resource for the students. **BASED ON CONTENT in textbook - AQA A Level Sociology Book One Including AS Level: Book one 3rd Revised edition by Rob Webb, Hal Westergaard, Keith Trobe, Annie Townend ’ textbook
AQA GCSE & A-LEVEL Sociology Intro Key term Sheet
Akinyemi1993Akinyemi1993

AQA GCSE & A-LEVEL Sociology Intro Key term Sheet

(0)
8 page key term sheet that includes: Basic sociological terms needed to understand behaviour Basic functionalist terms Basic Marxist key terms Basic feminist key terms Includes some images that illustrate some of the key terms above Made to meet AQA GCSE spec but can be used (and easily edited) for other exam boards AND for A-level
AQA A-level Sociology: Education Class - Material deprivation
Akinyemi1993Akinyemi1993

AQA A-level Sociology: Education Class - Material deprivation

(0)
Detailed and diiferentiated (up and down), student led lesson that explores class differences in achievement the role of material deprivation in causing or contributing to it. Introduces students to material vs cultural factors and external vs internal factors. Also introduces students to how to answer 4 and 6 markers using a success criteria and student-friendly mark-schemes. ANSWERS TO MAIN ACTIVITIES AND EXAM QUESTIONS ARE INCLUDED **Made for AQA A-level but can be easily used for other specs (just need a different source of information/ textbook) differentiated down for GCSE) lesson ** Uses and refers to ’ AQA A Level Sociology Book One Including AS Level: Book one 3rd Revised edition by Rob Webb, Hal Westergaard, Keith Trobe, Annie Townend ’ textbook
KEY TERMS SHEET - AQA A-level Sociology Education: Topic 5 Role of Education
Akinyemi1993Akinyemi1993

KEY TERMS SHEET - AQA A-level Sociology Education: Topic 5 Role of Education

(0)
Alphabetical key term sheet for AQA A-level Sociology Education Topic 5 Role of education that requires students to fill out the definitions themselves. *** Includes some sentence starters to model to students how to incorporate key sociologists into their definitions. ** *** Key terms separated into Functionalist, New Right and Marxist key terms. ** *** Includes a section with key terms that students should know from previous learning (intro to sociological theories and topic 1-4 of education) that link to this topic. ** Good form of revision for students and can be used as a revision resource to develop AO1 once filled out. **BASED ON CONTENT in textbook - AQA A Level Sociology Book One Including AS Level: Book one 3rd Revised edition by Rob Webb, Hal Westergaard, Keith Trobe, Annie Townend ’ textbook
KEY TERMS SHEET - AQA A-level Sociology Education: Topics 1-5
Akinyemi1993Akinyemi1993

KEY TERMS SHEET - AQA A-level Sociology Education: Topics 1-5

5 Resources
Alphabetical key term sheet for AQA A-level Sociology Education Topics 1-5. Contains the main key terms used in Topic 1-6 of the education unit for AQA A-level Sociology: -Topic 1 - Class differences in achievement (external factors) -Topic 2 - Class differences in achievement (internal factors) -Topic 3 - Ethnic differences in achievement -Topic 4 - Gender differences in achievement -Topic 5 - Role of education -Topic 6 - Education policy *** Includes scaffolding, e.g. some sentence starters (to model to students how to incorporate key sociologists into their definitions) and prompts to help students remember how key term links to the topic. ** *** Includes a section with key terms that students should know from previous learning (for topic 3 sheet ethnic differences - this would be terms that link to key terms covered in class differences in achievement, e.g. labelling, pupil identities, material deprivation, speech codes etc) that link to this topic. ** Good form of revision for students and can be used as a revision resource to develop AO1 once filled out. **BASED ON CONTENT textbook - AQA A Level Sociology Book One Including AS Level: Book one 3rd Revised edition by Rob Webb, Hal Westergaard, Keith Trobe, Annie Townend ’ textbook
KEY SOCIOLOGISTS SHEETS AQA A-level Sociology Media: Topics 1-4
Akinyemi1993Akinyemi1993

KEY SOCIOLOGISTS SHEETS AQA A-level Sociology Media: Topics 1-4

(0)
Detailed and scaffolded (e.g. SOME sentence starters/ prompts, separating sociologists who comment on different aspects of each topic, SOME page numbers for sociologists that might be more difficult to find, etc.) key sociologists sheets that requires students to write done what key sociologists from topics 1-4 say. Contains the main key sociologists in Topics 1-4 of the media unit for AQA A-level Sociology: Topic 1 - Ownership and control of the media output Topic 2 - The media, globalisation and popular culture Topic 3 -the processes of selection and presentation of the content of the news​ Topic 4 -media representations of age, social class, ethnicity, gender, sexuality and disability. **REQUIRES textbook - 'SOCIOLOGY For AQA Volume 2 by Browne, Blundell & Law **
WRITING FRAME  - AQA A-level Sociology: Families – Topic  5 Changing patterns (divorce) 20 marker
Akinyemi1993Akinyemi1993

WRITING FRAME - AQA A-level Sociology: Families – Topic 5 Changing patterns (divorce) 20 marker

(0)
Detailed writing frame that scaffolds (from introduction to conclusion) a full answer for a 20 marker on divorce (family -topic 5 changing family patterns). Models how to use the item to select points or arguments to answer the question. *** Based on AQA specification** Supports students with planning the 20 marker - using planning success criteria. Outlines the success criteria and provides sentence starters for the full essay (intro, main body and conclusion). Success criteria used for paragraphs in main body of essay is PEELE/A Outlines the key terms, sociologists, theories that can be used when answering the question. Supports students who need support and guidance with writing essays whilst providing students who are already good at writing essays opportunities to further improve their essay skills.