Powerpoint lecture and associated PDF worksheet covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 4.6 - Understand the names given to different trophic levels, including producers, primary, secondary and tertiary consumers and decomposers. Specification Point 4.7 - Understand the concepts of food chains, food webs, pyramids of number, pyramids of biomass and pyramids of energy transfer. Specification Point 4.8 - Understand the transfer of substances and energy along a food chain. Specification Point 4.9 - Understand why only about 10% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next. Complete set of Chapter 6 Lessons are available.

Powerpoint lecture and associated PDF worksheet covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 4.12 -Understand the biological consequences of pollution of air by sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide. Specification Point 4.13 - Understand that water vapour, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane and CFCs are greenhouse gases. Specification Point 4.14 - Understand how human activities contribute to greenhouse gases. Specification Point 4.15- Understand how an increase in greenhouse gases results in an enhanced greenhouse effect and that this may lead to global warming and its consequences. Specification Point 4.16 - Understand the biological consequences of pollution of water by sewage. Specification Point 4.17 - Understand the biological consequences of eutrophication caused by leached minerals from fertilizer. Complete set of Chapter 6 Lessons are available.

Companion PDF worksheet for Edexcel IGCSE Biology Lecture 60 - Selective Breeding. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Specification Point 5.10 - Understand how selective breeding can develop plants with desired characteristics. Specification Point 5.11 - Understand how selective breeding can develop animals with desired characteristics. Complete set of Chapter 7 Worksheets are available.

Complete set of concise, modern presentations for Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry (4CH1) Chapter 1 - Particles and Mixtures. Contains colour coded specification points. Six presentations included: 1 - States of Matter 2 - Solutions and Solubility 3 - Calculating Solubility 4 - Elements, Compounds and Mixtures 5 - Methods of Separation 6 - Paper Chromatography

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 3.1.3 - Attachment. Ainsworth’s ‘Strange Situation’. Types of attachment: secure, insecure-avoidant and insecure-resistant. Cultural variations in attachment, including Van Ijzendoorn. Complete set of Chapter 3 Lectures are available.

Complete set of concise, modern presentations for Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry (4CH1) Chapter 7 - Organic Chemistry. Contains colour coded specification points. Eight presentations included: 31 - Organic Compounds 32 - Crude Oil 33 - Burning Hydrocarbons 34 - Alkanes and Alkenes 35 - Organic Compounds Part 2 36 - Esters 37 - Addition Polymers 38 - Condensation Polymers

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 4.29C - Know that alcohols contain the functional group −OH. Specification Point 4.30C - Understand how to draw structural and displayed formulae for methanol, ethanol, propanol and butanol and name each compound. Specification Point 4.31C - Know that how ethanol can be oxidised. Specification Point 4.32C - Know how ethanol can be manufactured. Specification Point 4.33C - Understand the reasons for fermentation, in the absence of air, and at an optimum temperature. Specification Point 4.34C - Know that carboxylic acids contain the functional group -COOH. Specification Point 4.35C - Understand how to draw structural and displayed formulae for unbranched-chain carboxylic acids with up to four carbon atoms in the molecule, and name each compound. Specification Point 4.36C - Describe the reactions of aqueous solutions of carboxylic acids with metals and metal carbonates. Specification Point 4.37C - Know that vinegar is an aqueous solution containing ethanoic acid. Complete set of Chapter 7 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 2.3 - Understand case studies of coastal management in a developed country and a developing or emerging country. Complete set of Chapter 2 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 6.2 - Understand factors affecting urban land use patterns: their locational needs, accessibility and land values. Specification Point 6.2 - Understand urban challenges in a named developed country: food, energy, transport and waste disposal demands, concentrated resource consumption, segregation. Specification Point 6.2 -Understand urban challenges in a named developing country or emerging country: squatter settlements, informal economy, urban pollution, and low quality of life. Complete set of Chapter 7 Lectures are available.

Companion PDF worksheet for Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry Lecture 16 - Group 1 Elements. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Specification Point 2.1 - Understand how the similarities in the reactions of the group 1 elements with water provide evidence for their recognition as a family of elements. Specification Point 2.2 - Understand how the differences between the reactions of the alkali metals with air and water provide evidence for the trend in reactivity in group 1. Specification Point 2.3 - Use knowledge of trends in group 1 to predict the properties of other alkali metals. Specification Point 2.4C - Explain the trend in reactivity in group 1 in terms of electronic configurations. Complete set of Chapter 4 Worksheets are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 4.2.3.1 - Scientific Processes. Variables: manipulation and control of variables, including independent, dependent, extraneous, confounding; operationalisation of variables. Control: random allocation and counterbalancing, randomisation and standardisation. Complete set of Chapter 7 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 4.2.3.1 - Scientific Processes. Demand characteristics and investigator effects. Ethics, including the role of the British Psychological Society’s code of ethics; ethical issues in the design and conduct of psychological studies; dealing with ethical issues in research. Complete set of Chapter 7 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 4.3.2 - Relationships. Parasocial relationships: levels of parasocial relationships, the absorption addiction model and the attachment theory explanation. Complete set of Chapter 9 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture and associated PDF worksheet covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 3.24P - Know that the frequency range for human hearing is 20–20,000 Hz. Specification Point 3.25P - Practical: investigate the speed of sound in air. Specification Point 3.26P - Understand how an oscilloscope and microphone can be used to display a sound wave. Specification Point 3.27P - Practical: investigate the frequency of a sound wave using an oscilloscope. Specification Point 3.28P - Understand how the pitch of a sound relates to the frequency of vibration of the source. Specification Point 3.29P - Understand how the loudness of a sound relates to the amplitude of vibration of the source. Complete set of Chapter 3 Lessons are available.

Companion PDF worksheet for Edexcel IGCSE Physics Lecture 16 - Reflection and Refraction. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Specification Point 3.14 - Know that light waves are transverse waves and that they can be reflected and refracted. Specification Point 3.15 - Use the law of reflection. Specification Point 3.16 - Draw ray diagrams to illustrate reflection and refraction. Specification Point 3.17 - Practical: investigate the refraction of light, using rectangular blocks, semi-circular blocks and triangular prisms. Specification Point 3.18 - Know and use the relationship between refractive index, angle of incidence and angle of refraction. Specification Point 3.19 - Practical: investigate the refractive index of glass, using a glass block. Specification Point 3.20 - Describe the role of total internal reflection in transmitting information along optical fibres and in prisms. Specification Point 3.21 - Explain the meaning of critical angle c. Specification Point 3.22 - Know and use the relationship between critical angle and refractive index. Specification Point 3.23 - Know that sound waves are longitudinal waves which can be reflected and refracted. Complete set of Chapter 3 Worksheets are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 3.7 - Use the relationship between frequency and wavelength in different contexts including sound waves and electromagnetic waves. Specification Point 3.8 - Explain why there is a change in the observed frequency and wavelength of a wave when its source is moving relative to an observer, and that this is known as the Doppler effect. Specification Point 3.10 - Know that light is part of a continuous electromagnetic spectrum that includes radio, microwave, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-ray and gamma ray radiations and that all these waves travel at the same speed in free space. Specification Point 3.11 - Know the order of the electromagnetic spectrum in terms of decreasing wavelength and increasing frequency, including the colours of the visible spectrum. Specification Point 3.12 - Explain some of the uses of electromagnetic radiations. Specification Point 3.13 - Explain the detrimental effects of excessive exposure of the human body to electromagnetic waves and describe simple protective measures against the risks. Complete set of Chapter 3 Lectures are available.

Powerpoint lecture covering the following in a modern, concise format: Specification Point 2.22P - Identify common materials which are electrical conductors or insulators, including metals and plastics. Specification Point 2.23P - Practical: investigate how insulating materials can be charged by friction. Specification Point 2.24P - Explain how positive and negative electrostatic charges are produced on materials by the loss and gain of electrons. Specification Point 2.25P - Know that there are forces of attraction between unlike charges and forces of repulsion between like charges. Specification Point 2.26P - Explain electrostatic phenomena in terms of the movement of electrons. Specification Point 2.27P - Explain the potential dangers of electrostatic charges. Specification Point 2.28P - Explain some uses of electrostatic charges. Complete set of Chapter 2 Lectures are available.

Companion PDF worksheet for Edexcel IGCSE Physics Lecture 19 - Thermal Energy. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Specification Point 4.6 - Describe how thermal energy transfer may take place by conduction, convection and radiation. Specification Point 4.7 - Explain the role of convection in everyday phenomena. Specification Point 4.8 - Explain how emission and absorption of radiation are related to surface and temperature. Specification Point 4.9 - Practical: investigate thermal energy transfer by conduction, convection and radiation. Specification Point 4.10 - Explain ways of reducing unwanted energy transfer, such as insulation. Complete set of Chapter 4 Worksheets are available.

Complete set of companion PDF worksheets for Edexcel IGCSE Physics (4PH1) Chapter 2 - Electricity. Contains short answer questions, an activity requiring lateral thinking and exam-style questions. Five worksheets included: 9 - Mains Electricity 10 - Power, Current and Voltage 11 - Circuits Part 1 12 - Circuits Part 2 13 - Static Electricity