• Describe the effect of changing the mass or the force acting on an object on the acceleration of that object. • Calculate the force required to cause a specified acceleration on a given mass. • Perform calculations involving the rearrangement of the F = ma equation.

Calculate the stopping distance from the thinking distance and the braking distance • Categorise factors which affect thinking distance, braking distance, and both. • Calculate the braking distance of a car.

To define rate of reaction and the units for rate of reaction. To plot and use a graph to calculate the gradient to measure the initial rate of reaction. To calculate the gradient of a tangent to the curve on these graphs as a measure of rate of reaction at a specific time.

Describe the motion of an object by interpreting distance–time graphs. Describe how the gradient of a distance–time graph represents the speed. Calculate the speed of an object by calculating the gradient from a distance–time graph.

Investigate whether the extension of the spring is proportional to the weight suspended from the spring.

Calculate the speed of an object, the time taken to travel a given distance and the distance travelled.

Describe the motion of an object by interpreting velocity–time graphs. Describe how the gradient of a velocity–time graph represents the acceleration. Calculate the acceleration of an object by calculating the gradient from a velocity–time graph.

Describe the difference between speed and velocity. Calculate the acceleration of an object using the change in velocity and time. Rearrange the acceleration equation to calculate change in velocity or time.

Define a catalyst. Describe how adding a catalyst affects the rate of reaction. Use a reaction profile diagram to explain in detail the effect of adding a catalyst. Investigate which catalyst is best for a reaction using a variety of catalysts and use sample data to plot a graph.

• Calculate the power of an electrical device. • Practice converting units using kilo, mega and giga prefixes. • Rank electrical appliances in order of power. • Rearrange the electrical power equation to calculate the energy transferred. • Calculate efficiency using input and output power.

Describe the difference between balanced and unbalanced forces and give examples for both. Identify and calculate resultant forces. Describe situations that are in equilibrium. Explain why the speed or direction of motion of objects can change.

Calculate the resultant force when 2 forces act on an object at an angle.

• Define what the centre of mass is and identify where it would be in a range of simple shapes. • State that a suspended object will come to rest so that the centre of mass lies below the point of suspension. • Describe an experimental technique to determine the centre of mass of an object with an irregular shape. • Compare the stability of objects to the position of their centre of mass.

Define elastic and non-elastic deformation in materials. Calculate the extension (or compression) of a material using its length and original length. State Hooke’s law and use it to calculate the force required to cause a given extension in a spring using the spring constant. Describe how elastic potential energy is stored when a material is stretched or compressed by a force. Describe force-extension graphs of elastic materials and identify the limit of proportionality. Compare the behaviour of different materials before and after the limit of proportionality.

Name some objects seen in the night sky. Describe the structure of the Universe in order of size and distance away from the Earth.

• Describe the model of the Solar System. • Describe how objects in the Solar System are arranged.

Explain simply why we have day and night. Explain why seasonal changes happen.

State the position of the Earth and the Moon with respect to the Sun in solar and lunar eclipses. Draw simple ray diagrams of solar and lunar eclipses. Describe evidence that led to a change in the model of the Solar System.

• Name the phases of the Moon. • Explain why you see phases of the Moon.

State what energy dissipation means. Identify and calculate useful energy and wasted energy from input and output energies. Explain what efficiency means in terms of wasted and useful energy. Calculate % efficiency using useful output and total input energies.