**The main focus of this lesson is for students to decide if King Charles II of England deserved the nickname, the ‘Merry Monarch’. Students will be provided with background information about the transition of rule between Oliver Cromwell and Charles II and then be given a set of facts about Charles II’s reign to help them decide if Charles II was more focussed on ‘business’ or ‘pleasure’. ** Other tasks in this lesson include an activity about the ‘Great Frost Fair’ of 1683. The lesson contains a variety of discussion tasks, warm up start activities, printable resources, and learning reviews as well as engaging background information and challenge questions for higher ability students. There is a choice of printable resources to suit different ages and abilities. The lesson is mainly aimed at KS3 students between the ages of 11-14 but can easily be adapted for younger or older students. Please be kind enough to leave a review of this lesson if you have found it effective. Thank you. All images used in this lesson are in the public domain and are therefore copyright free at the time of publishing. Images which require attribution have been attributed in the notes section of each slide where the image appears. If you feel any errors have been made, please contact me at raschoolresources@gmail.com in the first instance to resolve any issues. Thank you.

This lesson examines who the main opposition groups in Nazi Germany were as well as why opposition towards the Nazi Party was limited. All resources and factual information are included with the lesson. This lesson includes: - Clear learning aims/targets - Provoking starter tasks and discussion activities - Printable worksheets - Engaging background information - Challenge tasks - Exam links - Learning Review - Fact Sheet linked to the GCSE specification All images used in this lesson are in the public domain and are therefore copyright free at the time of publishing. Images which require attribution have been attributed in the notes section of each slide where the image appears. If you feel any errors have been made, please contact me at raschoolresources@gmail.com in the first instance to resolve any issues. My lessons are completed using PowerPoint and designed on widescreen formatting. Thank you. This resource is for personal use only and for copyright reasons should not be copied/amended for commercial use.

**In this lesson, students will learn about the many discoveries of the Scientific Revolution. Students will be able to define what historians mean by the term Scientific Revolution as well as the descriptions of the ‘Age of Faith’, the ‘Age of Reason’ and the ‘Enlightenment’. ** They will then study the various discoveries of the time and think about which of these discoveries was the most significant. The lesson will help students think about the idea of significance and guide students through the process of completing their own living graph diagram about the discoveries. It will also then guide students through completing an extended piece of writing about the discoveries of the Scientific Revolution. The lesson contains a variety of discussion tasks, warm up start activities, printable resources, and learning reviews as well as engaging background information and challenge questions for higher ability students. There is a choice of printable resources to suit different ages and abilities. The lesson is mainly aimed at KS3 students between the ages of 11-14 but can easily be adapted for younger or older students. Please be kind enough to leave a review of this lesson if you have found it effective. Thank you. All images used in this lesson are in the public domain and are therefore copyright free at the time of publishing. Images which require attribution have been attributed in the notes section of each slide where the image appears. If you feel any errors have been made, please contact me at raschoolresources@gmail.com in the first instance to resolve any issues. Thank you.

**This lesson allows students to learn about the main reasons for the growing tension between England and Spain during the reigns of Queen Elizabeth I and King Philip II and why this led Spain to invade England in 1588. ** -Students will be able to describe the arguments and issues both sides had with each other and then explain in more depth why these arguments finally led to the Spanish sending the Armada to invade England in 1588. -Students will have the opportunity to evaluate which factor led to the most tension between each country and as an outcome, students will be guided through a piece of historical writing about the causes of the Spanish Armada. This resource contains: 1 x main lesson PowerPoint 1 x A4 differentiated writing frame 1 x BONUS Francis Drake Research/Homework sheet All images used in this lesson are in the public domain and are therefore copyright free at the time of publishing. Images which require attribution have been attributed in the notes section of each slide where the image appears. If you feel any errors have been made, please contact me at raschoolresources@gmail.com in the first instance to resolve any issues. Thank you.

**In this lesson, students will be able to learn about the arguments which were used during the 1800s to support and argue against reforms to improve working conditions in the mines, mills and factories of the Industrial Revolution. ** In addition, students will then learn how some of the reforms set out to help workers. The lesson includes the following: Slide 1: Title slide Slide 2: Lesson learning aims and progress Slide 3: Lesson Warm Up – Class discussion about how laws today make sure people are safe and looked after in their workplace. Slide 4: Source Inference Task Slide 5: Source Inference Task 2 Slide 6: Think & Discuss – What are ‘Reforms’? How does Parliament create new laws? Slide 7: Think & Discuss – Arguments for and Against the reform of working conditions during the Industrial Revolution Slide 8: Background information – The public reaction and outrage at finding out about working conditions Slide 9: Background Information – Who were the ‘Reformers’ and what did they call for? Slide 10: Activity 1 – What would the Reformers want to do to help improve working conditions? Slide 11: Activity 1 – An alternative way to think about what the reformers would want to do to help improve working conditions Slide 12: Activity 2 – Students given a choice of written or creative tasks linked to their learning so far. Slide 13: Activity 3 – Organise the facts about the reforms worksheet instructions Slide 14: Printable worksheet Slide 15: Organise the facts answer sheet Slide 16: Follow Up Challenge tasks and questions Slide 17: Learning Review Activity Pyramid. I would be really grateful if you could leave a positive review for the lesson if you feel the lesson is effective for you. All images used in this lesson are in the public domain and are therefore copyright free at the time of publishing. Images which require attribution have been attributed in the notes section of each slide where the image appears. If you feel any errors have been made, please contact me at raschoolresources@gmail.com in the first instance to resolve any issues. Thank you.

**In this lesson, students will have an opportunity to study several written and visual sources about children’s working conditions during Britain’s Industrial Revolution. ** They will use these sources to form their own opinion about the conditions and challenges that children faced in a variety of jobs such as in the factories, textile mills and mines. Students will then be guided to think about the usefulness and reliability of the sources they have studied. ** The lesson includes the following:** Slide 1: Title slide Slide 2: Lesson learning aims Slide 3: Lesson Warm Up – A quick quiz and discussion about the rules which impact young people working today Slide 4: Background information and discussion – What jobs did children do during the Industrial Revolution? Slide 5: Background information and discussion – Why did so many children work during the Industrial Revolution? Slide 6: Starter Activity: Source Inference – a visual source about the conditions in mines Slide 7: Background information – An overview of working conditions and the role of ‘pauper apprentices’. Slide 8: Background information – An overview of working conditions Slide 9: 9 sources covering the topic of children’s working conditions Slide 10: Single source analysis activity and instructions Slide 11: Printable table for students to complete their analysis Slide 12: Source Analysis Task 2 Instructions and model examples Slide 13: Usefulness and reliability help sheet Slide 14: Follow Up Challenge Questions Slide 15: Learning Review Please be kind enough to leave a review of this lesson if you have found it effective. Thank you. All images used in this lesson are in the public domain and are therefore copyright free at the time of publishing. Images which require attribution have been attributed in the notes section of each slide where the image appears. If you feel any errors have been made, please contact me at raschoolresources@gmail.com in the first instance to resolve any issues. Thank you.

**In this lesson, students will be able to understand the various reasons why there was a ‘witch craze’ in the mid-1600s in England. ** -Students will discuss the meaning of the term ‘witchcraft’ before studying the various factors that led to the witch craze such as the role of Matthew Hopkins, attitudes towards women, the English Civil War, the influence of monarchs and the influence of the Church and religion. Students will then have an opportunity to evaluate the impact these factors had. The 23-slide lesson contains a variety of discussion tasks, warm up start activities, printable resources, and learning reviews as well as engaging background information and challenge questions for higher ability students. There is a choice of printable resources. The lesson is mainly aimed at KS3 students between the ages of 11-14 but can easily be adapted for younger or older students. Please be kind enough to leave a review of this lesson if you have found it effective. Thank you. All images used in this lesson are in the public domain and are therefore copyright free at the time of publishing. Images which require attribution have been attributed in the notes section of each slide where the image appears. If you feel any errors have been made, please contact me at raschoolresources@gmail.com in the first instance to resolve any issues. Thank you.

**This lesson provides students with a great selection of activities to help them understand and explain the main causes of the English Civil War in 1642. ** -Students are introduced to the idea of a Civil War and will discuss the role of a parliament in the 1600s. -They will then read through a variety of different reasons why King Charles I and parliament argued in the years before 1642 and organise these reasons into economic, religious or political factors. Finally, students will have an opportunity to fully explains the causes of the English Civil War in a piece of extended historical writing before completing a crossword which covers all the main terms from the lesson. The 17-slide lesson contains a variety of discussion tasks, activities, printable resources, starters and learning reviews as well as engaging background information about King James I and the events which led to the start of the English Civil War. Please be kind enough to leave a review of this lesson if you have found it effective. Thank you. All images used in this lesson are in the public domain and are therefore copyright free at the time of publishing. Images which require attribution have been attributed in the notes section of each slide where the image appears. If you feel any errors have been made, please contact me at raschoolresources@gmail.com in the first instance to resolve any issues. Thank you.

**In this lesson, students will be able to explain the causes of the Great Fire of London as well as the many reasons why the fire was able to spread so quickly over such a large distance. ** Students will be able to analyse extracts from the diary of Samuel Pepys as well as study illustrations and paintings of the fire to help them understand the impact the fire had on people’s lives. Students will then read information about the fire to help them understand what type of methods were used to fight the fire and the role of individuals such as King Charles II in helping to stop the fire. The lesson contains a variety of discussion tasks, warm up start activities, printable resources, and learning reviews as well as engaging background information and challenge questions for higher ability students. There is a choice of printable resources to suit different ages and abilities. The lesson is mainly aimed at KS3 students between the ages of 11-14 but can easily be adapted for younger or older students. Please be kind enough to leave a review of this lesson if you have found it effective. Thank you. All images used in this lesson are in the public domain and are therefore copyright free at the time of publishing. Images which require attribution have been attributed in the notes section of each slide where the image appears. If you feel any errors have been made, please contact me at raschoolresources@gmail.com in the first instance to resolve any issues. Thank you.

In this lesson, students will study the role of Matthew Hopkins during the 1640s in England. Students will learn about Hopkins’ background, the methods he used to gain confessions from suspected witches, people’s beliefs about witchcraft and finally explain why Matthew Hopkins was a significant historical figure during the time of the ‘witch craze’ in England in the 1640s. The lesson contains a variety of discussion tasks, warm up start activities, printable resources, and learning reviews as well as engaging background information and challenge questions for higher ability students. There is a choice of printable resources. The lesson is mainly aimed at KS3 students between the ages of 11-14 but can easily be adapted for younger or older students. Please be kind enough to leave a review of this lesson if you have found it effective. Thank you. All images used in this lesson are in the public domain and are therefore copyright free at the time of publishing. Images which require attribution have been attributed in the notes section of each slide where the image appears. If you feel any errors have been made, please contact me at raschoolresources@gmail.com in the first instance to resolve any issues. Thank you.

**In this lesson, students will be given all the facts they need to help them fully explain the reasons why Philip II’s Spanish Armada was defeated by the English during the reign of Elizabeth I. ** Students will be able to analyse the strengths and weaknesses of each side using a range of easy to access historical sources, fact sheets and top trump style activities. The lesson will then provide a guide for students to help them complete a piece of extended writing about the reasons for the Spanish defeat. This resource contains: 1 x main lesson PowerPoint 1 x A4 set of fact sheets 1 x A4 set of differentiated fact sheets 1 x A4 writing frame The lesson contains plenty of activities, printable resources, starter and plenary tasks, engaging background information and discussion points for both high and lower ability students. All images used in this lesson are in the public domain and are therefore copyright free at the time of publishing. Images which require attribution have been attributed in the notes section of each slide where the image appears. If you feel any errors have been made, please contact me at raschoolresources@gmail.com in the first instance to resolve any issues. Thank you.

For Edexcel - This single page resource is a really useful timeline of all the key events covered in the Paper 2 topic the Cold War and Superpower Relations. The timeline can be adapted to use as a high resolution display, book insert or revision tool and is clearly presented to fit most students’ needs. I have included both Power Point and PDF versions to suite your needs. UPDATE 2023: Please note that all images (clipart/vector/illustrations/photographs) are in the public domain and are therefore classed as Creative Commons 1.0 unless otherwise attributed in the notes section of each slide. If you believe there are any errors, please email me directly in the first instance to resolve the issue.

This lesson examines the reasons for the development of the Bow Street Runners with the work of the Fielding Brothers and how this resulted in the first professional police force by the early 1800s. ** Worksheet 1: ** An alternative 2 page worksheet for students to complete ** Worksheet 2: ** A set of different timelines (differentiated) for students to complete their study of the development of the police. Slide 1: Title - To explain the early development of the police in Britain Slide 2-4: Law enforcement recap - match up the key terms along with additional recap questions Slide 5-8: Background information about law enforcement at the start of 1700 and the creation of the Bow Street Runners Slide 9: Two clips covering the development of the Bow Street Runners and the police Slide 10: Timeline task overview (links to the additional worksheets) Slide 11: Follow up tasks and questions Slide 12: Challenge Task - Comparison of two political cartoons about the development of the police Slide 13-16: Examples of exam questions (4, 12 and 16 mark questions) Slide 17: Lesson Review: Students have to decide which set of options provides the correct series of events with the development of the police Slide 18: Lesson Fact Sheet To take into account copyright, all photographic and illustrative images have been attributed where appropriate and/or are all in the public domain. Clipart/vector images are all creativecommons.publicdomain.zero.1.0 which do not have to be attributed. If you have any issues regarding copyright please email me in the first instance.

**In this lesson, students look at the fascinating story of what happened to Oliver Cromwell’s head. ** Students are guided through the key events of Oliver Cromwell’s rule as Lord Protector, his death and the Restoration of King Charles II. Students will then use a fact sheet to help them complete a number of optional tasks including a timeline, storyboard and role play. My students absolutely love this lesson! The 19-slide lesson contains a variety of discussion tasks, warm up start activities, printable resources, and learning reviews as well as engaging background information and challenge questions for higher ability students. There is a choice of printable resources. Please be kind enough to leave a review of this lesson if you have found it effective. Thank you. All images used in this lesson are in the public domain and are therefore copyright free at the time of publishing. Images which require attribution have been attributed in the notes section of each slide where the image appears. If you feel any errors have been made, please contact me at raschoolresources@gmail.com in the first instance to resolve any issues. Thank you.

**This lesson provides students with a range of resources to help them decide if Oliver Cromwell should be labelled a ‘Hero’ or a ‘Monster’. ** -Students will be provided with easy-to-follow facts about Cromwell which they have to categorise into ‘hero’ or ‘monster’. They will also examine a range of historical sources about Cromwell and evaluate the reliability and usefulness of them. There is also an opportunity for students to complete an extended piece of writing to demonstrate their knowledge of the arguments on both sides before they give their own opinion about Oliver Cromwell. The 18-slide lesson contains a variety of discussion tasks, warm up start activities, printable resources, and learning reviews as well as engaging background information and historical sources about Oliver Cromwell. Please be kind enough to leave a review of this lesson if you have found it effective. Thank you. All images used in this lesson are in the public domain and are therefore copyright free at the time of publishing. Images which require attribution have been attributed in the notes section of each slide where the image appears. If you feel any errors have been made, please contact me at raschoolresources@gmail.com in the first instance to resolve any issues. Thank you.

**In this lesson, students will be able to describe the various features of Queen Elizabeth’s Religious Settlement and explain why and how Elizabeth I attempted to seek a ‘Middle Way’ between the Catholic and Protestant Churches at the start of her reign in 1558. ** Students will learn about the changes introduced by the Religious Settlement and why they were so important at the time. The lesson contains plenty of activities, printable resources, starter and plenary tasks, engaging background information and discussion points for both high and lower ability students. All images used in this lesson are in the public domain and are therefore copyright free at the time of publishing. Images which require attribution have been attributed in the notes section of each slide where the image appears. If you feel any errors have been made, please contact me at raschoolresources@gmail.com in the first instance to resolve any issues. Thank you.

**This lesson provides an excellent way to introduce students to the era of the Stuart English/Scottish monarchs between 1603 and 1714. ** Students will learn about the end of the Tudor reign after the death of Elizabeth I and then be given engaging activities to help them complete a timeline of the main Stuart monarchs and seven key events which took place during the reign of the Stuarts. The lesson contains a variety of discussion tasks, activities, printable resources, starters and learning reviews. The outcome will be the completion of a timeline which shows the chronological order of the Stuart Monarchs and the main events of the time. The lesson contains: 1 x Main Power Point (11 slides) 3 x Choice of A4 timeline templates for student to complete using the facts from the main Power Point Please be kind enough to leave a review of this lesson if you have found it effective. Thank you. All images used in this lesson are in the public domain and are therefore copyright free at the time of publishing. Images which require attribution have been attributed in the notes section of each slide where the image appears. If you feel any errors have been made, please contact me at raschoolresources@gmail.com in the first instance to resolve any issues. Thank you.

**In this lesson, students will be able to understand and then explain the various reasons why there was a so called ‘Age of Exploration’ during the Elizabethan period. ** Students will be introduced to what little was known about the world by the end of the Medieval period and then discover why so many people began to explore the globe to expand our knowledge of the world. The lesson contains a variety of discussion tasks, activities, printable resources, starters and learning reviews. The outcome will be the completion of an extended piece of writing which explains the causes of the ‘Age of Exploration’. The lesson contains: 1 x Main Power Point (15 slides) 1 x Sorting Task/Fact Sheet which covers the main factors that led to an increase in exploration in the 1500s. All images used in this lesson are in the public domain and are therefore copyright free at the time of publishing. Images which require attribution have been attributed in the notes section of each slide where the image appears. If you feel any errors have been made, please contact me at raschoolresources@gmail.com in the first instance to resolve any issues. Thank you.

This lesson looks at the various methods used by the Nazis to reduce unemployment but also questions the usefulness of these statistics by taking into account the ‘hidden unemployed’. This lesson includes: Clear learning aims/targets Provoking starter tasks and discussion activities Printable worksheets Engaging background information Challenge tasks Exam links Learning Review Fact Sheet linked to the GCSE specification All images used in this lesson are in the public domain and are therefore copyright free at the time of publishing. Images which require attribution have been attributed in the notes section of each slide where the image appears. If you feel any errors have been made, please contact me at raschoolresources@gmail.com in the first instance to resolve any issues. My lessons are completed using PowerPoint and designed on widescreen formatting. Thank you. This resource is for personal use only and for copyright reasons should not be copied/amended for commercial use.

This lesson provides an excellent introduction to the reign of King James I in England following the death of Elizabeth I. -The lesson helps students explain why James VI of Scotland was chosen as the successor to Elizabeth I. -Students are then given a range of sources and historical interpretations to form their own opinions about the strengths and weaknesses of King James I. -Finally, students will use a fact sheet about James I to help them understand the growing tensions in England between the king and his parliament and religion. The 14-slide lesson contains a variety of discussion tasks, activities, printable resources, starters and learning reviews as well as engaging background information about King James I. Please be kind enough to leave a review of this lesson if you have found it effective. Thank you. All images used in this lesson are in the public domain and are therefore copyright free at the time of publishing. Images which require attribution have been attributed in the notes section of each slide where the image appears. If you feel any errors have been made, please contact me at raschoolresources@gmail.com in the first instance to resolve any issues. Thank you.