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Chirality and Stereoisomerism
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Chirality and Stereoisomerism

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Asymmetric centres Achiral and Chiral Asymmetrical (stereogenic/chiral) centre (usually C) Enantiomer pairs Plane polarised light and Polarimeters Absolute configuration Diastereomers Separating racemic pairs (diastereomers)
Functional Groups
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Functional Groups

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Electronegativity Alkyl halides + Substituted alkanes Alcohols Thiols (Mercaptans) Amine Diamines Ethers Thioesters Carbonyl groups Amides Comparing boiling points Comparing pKa Delocalisation of electrons + Acidity and stability Aromatic rings
Acid and Bases
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Acid and Bases

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Bronsted-Lowry theory Acid-Base Reactions Ethanoic Acid Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs Ammonia Acid Strengths Acid Dissociation Constant (Ka) Role of water Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation