Revision booklets for 2018 IAL biology specification for unit one and two. Booklets contains a specification checklist, a sampling of past paper questions for each topic across both units, and mark schemes to follow the questions. Year 12’s have used these primarily for homework and for end of topic assessment revision. The booklet represents various questions that students can be asked in the unit one and two exams, but is not intended to serve as a comprehensive review of every possible question. Students are suplemented with additional past paper questions (from sites like Physics & Maths Tutor, and SaveMyExams) as a result of this.

IAL Edexcel Biology - Year 12 All lesson for biological molecules for unit 1 for IAL Biology (Edexcel). 1.1 understand the importance of water as a solvent in transport, including its dipole nature 1.2 (i) know the difference between monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides, including glycogen and starch (amylose and amylopectin) (ii) be able to relate the structures of monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides to their roles in providing and storing energy β-glucose and cellulose are not required in this topic. 1.3 CORE PRACTICAL 1 Use a semi-quantitative method with Benedict’s reagent to estimate the concentrations of reducing sugars and with iodine solution to estimate the concentrations of starch, using colour standards. 1.4 know how monosaccharides (glucose, fructose and galactose) join together to form disaccharides (maltose, sucrose and lactose) and polysaccharides (glycogen, amylose and amylopectin) through condensation reactions forming glycosidic bonds, and how these can be split through hydrolysis reactions 1.5 (i) know how a triglyceride is synthesised by the formation of ester bonds during condensation reactions between glycerol and three fatty acids (ii) know the differences between saturated and unsaturated lipids 2.6 (i) know the basic structure of an amino acid Structures of specific amino acids are not required. (ii) understand the formation of polypeptides and proteins (amino acid monomers linked by condensation reactions to form peptide bonds) (iii) understand the significance of a protein’s primary structure in determining its secondary structure, three-dimensional structure and properties (globular and fibrous proteins and the types of bonds involved in its three-dimensional structure) (iv) know the molecular structure of a globular protein and a fibrous protein and understand how their structures relate to their functions (including haemoglobin and collagen) Presentations for each lesson inlcuded. PEQ included in presentations with mark schemes included. Any and all feedback much appreciated

**IGCSE (Edexcel) Biology (9-1) ** 2.7 identify the chemical elements present in carbohydrates, proteins and lipids (fats and oils) 2.8 describe the structure of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids as large molecules made up from smaller basic units: starch and glycogen from simple sugars, protein from amino acids, and lipid from fatty acids and glycerol 2.9 practical: investigate food samples for the presence of glucose, starch, protein and fat 2.10 understand the role of enzymes as biological catalysts in metabolic reactions 2.11 understand how temperature changes can affect enzyme function, including changes to the shape of active site 2.12 practical: investigate how enzyme activity can be affected by changes in temperature 2.13 understand how enzyme function can be affected by changes in pH altering the active site 2.14B practical: investigate how enzyme activity can be affected by changes in pH Six lessons on biological molecules topic in IGCSE 9-1 biology. Exam questions included within lessons where available (including marking schemes). Core practical review lesson included. Any and all feedback appreciated

IGCSE (Edexcel) Biology 9-1 2.24 understand that a balanced diet should include appropriate proportions of carbohydrate, protein, lipid, vitamins, minerals, water and dietary fibre 2.25 identify the sources and describe the functions of carbohydrate, protein, lipid (fats and oils), vitamins A, C and D, the mineral ions calcium and iron, water and dietary fibre as components of the diet 2.26 understand how energy requirements vary with activity levels, age and pregnancy 2.27 describe the structure and function of the human alimentary canal, including the mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine (duodenum and ileum), large intestine (colon and rectum) and pancreas 2.28 understand how food is moved through the gut by peristalsis 2.29 understand the role of digestive enzymes, including the digestion of starch to glucose by amylase and maltase, the digestion of proteins to amino acids by proteases and the digestion of lipids to fatty acids and glycerol by lipases 2.30 understand that bile is produced by the liver and stored in the gall bladder 2.31 understand the role of bile in neutralising stomach acid and emulsifying lipids 2.32 understand how the small intestine is adapted for absorption, including the structure of a villus 2.33B practical: investigate the energy content in a food sample 7x presentations (with worksheets, and practice exam questions where available) for the human nutrition section of the IGCSE 9-1 course. Free revision lesson as part of lesson seven. Any and all feedback is appreciated

IGCSE (Edexcel) Biology (9-1) 1.1 to 2.4 - Classification of Organisms & Cell Structures 9 lessons included, with an additional free revision lesson for the topic. Each lesson contains a presentation and tasks (including all relevant worksheets). Exam questions and mark schemes are included within the presentations where available. Any and all feedback is appreciated