The Present Perfect Continuous tense is a unique case and poses certain difficulties for English language learners. It is unique in the sense that it has an easy aspect and a difficult aspect. The difficult aspect is its formation. It needs the auxiliary verb ‘to have’ in its perfect form plus the main verb in its continuous form. This is too complicated for most students, and they usually struggle to get it right. On the other hand, the easy aspect is its usage. It is used in very specific situations that connect the past with the present, and almost always with specific time expressions like ‘for’ and ‘since’. Hence it is virtually impossible to mix it up with another tense. This ebook offers clear explanations about both the formation and the usage of the Present Perfect Continuous tense, along with examples. Students who master them can move on to the activities at the end of the book.

This consice ebook is about the Present Perfect tense. It is one of the tenses that cause most difficulties to English language learners, both because of its formation and because of its usage. The formation is tricky because it involves a modal verb and the past participle of the main verb. The usage is not as clearcut as other tenses in English, since it refers to an action that has started in the past, but its effects are still visible in the present. Hence, many students consider the Present Perfect tense to be a past tense and confuse it with the Simple Past tense. However, as its name suggests, the Present Perfect is a present tense. Read on to find out how this tense is formed and when it is used. At the end of the book there are some very useful practice activities to consolidate your students’ knowledge, and the relevant answer key.

This ebook provides essential information about the Past Perfect Tense, its formation and usage. We use the past perfect to talk about the past, but not just any situation in the past; we use the Past Perfect when we’re talking about two events that happened in the past and when one event happened before the other event. So it helps you to order the actions in your story. Think about the Past Perfect as helping us to create a timeline. If your students have mastered the Present Perfect tense as they should, it will be easy for them to form the Past Perfect as well. We create the Past Perfect by using the verb ‘had’ the auxiliary verb ‘had’, followed by our main verb in past participle form. Students usually confuse the Past Perfect and use the Simple Past instead. Hopefully, this ebook will help them clarify these two distinctive tenses.

Hanukkah — which can also be written as Chanukah or through various transliterations from Hebrew — is the “festival of lights” in Judaism. For eight nights in a row, Jews come together with relatives and friends to light one more candle in the menorah — a multi-armed candelabrum. In Hebrew, Hanukkah signifies “dedication,” and this festival commemorates the rededication of the Temple in Jerusalem during the 2nd century BC, after a tiny band of Jewish warriors freed it from foreign occupying forces. Using the small amount of ritually pure oil discovered in the temple, they kindled the menorah — and it remained lit for eight days. The tradition of igniting a nightly candle, along with the focus on preparing dishes in oil like potato pancakes known as latkes, honors this astonishingly enduring oil. This comprises a series of tasks centered around the video “What is Hanukkah?”. The solutions can be located at the conclusion of the book.

This coloring book includes 30 elaborately created coloring pages centered around Kwanzaa. The sheets are entirely in black and white, set up for printing and coloring. Share this experience along with your students! A brief overview of Kwanzaa: Kwanzaa is an annual celebration that emphasizes African family values and social principles, primarily recognized in the United States from December 26 to January 1. The celebration and its name were founded in 1966 by Maulana Karenga, an Africana studies professor at California State University, Long Beach, and an influential figure in Afrocentrism. Karenga derived the term kwanza, signifying “first,” from the Swahili phrase matunda ya kwanza, incorporating an extra a as the seventh letter to guarantee it contained sufficient letters for each of the seven children who were present at a previous celebration. The word Kwanzaa does not exist in Swahili. The concept of Kwanzaa originates from first-fruits celebrations in Southern Africa.