Sarah Hilton has been a business examiner for over 20 years and a business teacher for longer. She is now a teacher trainer, business teacher and qualification developer. She runs the website revisionstation which provides smashing business teaching resources at budget prices.
Sarah Hilton has been a business examiner for over 20 years and a business teacher for longer. She is now a teacher trainer, business teacher and qualification developer. She runs the website revisionstation which provides smashing business teaching resources at budget prices.
Complete teaching resources for a whole lesson including a PowerPoint and worksheet
Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
NEW Pearson Edexcel International A Level Business (135) 3 Business Objectives
a) Survival.
b) Profit maximisation.
c) Other objectives:
• sales maximisation
• market share
• cost efficiency
• employee welfare
• customer satisfaction
• social objectives.
AS(7131) A-level (7132) Specifications For teaching from September 2023 onwards For as exams in May/June 2024 onwards For a-level exams in May/June 2025 onwards Version 2.0
This lesson covers:
How to analyse data other than financial statements to assess the strengths and weaknesses of a business
Data other than financial statements should include operations, human resource and marketing data.
Data may be analysed over time or in comparison with other businesses
The importance of core competences
Assessing short and long-term performance
The value of different measures of assessing business performance
Methods of assessing overall business performance to include:
Elkington’s Triple Bottom Line (Profit, People, Planet).
This lesson was written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
AS(7131) A-level (7132) Specifications For teaching from September 2023 onwards For as exams in May/June 2024 onwards For a-level exams in May/June 2025 onwards Version 2.0
This lesson covers:
The impact of changes in the political and legal environment on strategic and functional decision making:
The political and legal environment should include a broad understanding of the scope and effects of law related to competition, the labour market and environmental legislation
The impact of government policy related to enterprise, the role of regulators, infrastructure, the environment and international trade
This lesson was written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
AS(7131) A-level (7132) Specifications For teaching from September 2023 onwards For as exams in May/June 2024 onwards For a-level exams in May/June 2025 onwards Version 2.0
This lesson covers:
The impact of changes in the political and legal environment on strategic and functional decision making:
The political and legal environment should include a broad understanding of the scope and effects of law related to competition, the labour market and environmental legislation
The impact of government policy related to enterprise, the role of regulators, infrastructure, the environment and international trade
This was written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
AS(7131) A-level (7132) Specifications For teaching from September 2023 onwards For as exams in May/June 2024 onwards For a-level exams in May/June 2025 onwards Version 2.0
This lesson covers:
The impact of the social and technological environment on strategic and functional decision making
Social changes to include demographic changes and population movements such as:
migration
changes in consumer lifestyle and buying behaviour
the growth of online businesses
The social environment to include Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and:
the reasons for and against (CSR)
the difference between the stakeholder v shareholder concept
Carroll’s Corporate Social Responsibility pyramid
Technological change should include the impact of technological change on functional areas and strategy
The pressures for socially responsible behaviour
This lesson was written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
AS(7131) A-level (7132) Specifications For teaching from September 2023 onwards For as exams in May/June 2024 onwards For a-level exams in May/June 2025 onwards Version 2.0
This lesson covers:
Porter’s five forces, how and why these might change, and the implications of these forces for strategic and functional decision making and profits
An understanding of the five forces to include:
entry threat (barriers to entry)
buyer power
supplier power
rivalry
substitute threat
This lesson was written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
AS(7131) A-level (7132) Specifications For teaching from September 2023 onwards For as exams in May/June 2024 onwards For a-level exams in May/June 2025 onwards Version 2.0
This lesson covers:
Financial methods of assessing an investment, investment appraisal should include the calculation and interpretation of:
payback
average rate of return
net present value
Factors influencing investment decisions. Factors to include:
investment criteria
non-financial factors
risk and uncertainty
This lesson was written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
Pearson Edexcel International A Level Business 131 1 The Market
This lesson covers:
a) Mass markets and niche markets:
characteristics
market size and market share
brands
b) Dynamic markets:
online retailing
how markets change
innovation and market growth
adapting to change
c) How competition affects the market
d) The difference between risk and uncertainty
Complete teaching resources for a whole lesson includes PowerPoint and worksheet
Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
Pearson Edexcel International A Level Business (131) 3 Market Positioning
Complete teaching resources for a whole lesson including a PowerPoint and worksheet
Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
a) Product and market orientation.
b) Market mapping.
c) Market segmentation.
d) Competitive advantage of a product or service.
e) The purpose of product differentiation.
f) Adding value to products/services.
Pearson Edexcel International A Level Business
Complete teaching resources for a whole lesson including a PowerPoint and worksheet
Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
a) Factors leading to a change in demand:
changes in the prices of substitutes and complementary goods
changes in consumer incomes
fashions, tastes and preferences
advertising and branding
demographics
external shocks
seasonality
Pearson Edexcel International A Level Business
Complete teaching resources for a whole lesson including a PowerPoint and worksheet
Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
a) Factors leading to a change in supply:
changes in the costs of production
introduction of new technology
indirect taxes
government subsidies
external shocks
232 Financial Planning
3 BREAK-EVEN
This complete lesson includes:
a) Contribution: selling price − variable cost per unit
b) Break-even point:
• total fixed costs + total variable costs = total revenue
c) Using contribution to calculate the break-even point
d) Margin of safety
e) Interpretation of break-even charts
f) Limitations of break-even analysis
This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation
233 Managing Finance
1 PROFIT
This complete lesson includes:
a) Statement of comprehensive income (profit and loss account):
b) Calculation of:
• gross profit
• operating profit
• profit for the year (net profit)
• measuring profitability: calculation of gross profit margin, operating profit margin, and profit for the year (net profit) margin
c) Ways to increase profits
• ways to improve profitability
This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation
233 Managing Finance
2 LIQUIDITY
This complete lesson includes:
a) Distinction between profit and cash
b) Statement of financial position (balance sheet):
• measuring liquidity: calculating current ratio and acid test ratio
• ways to improve liquidity, including assets, supplier credit terms, factoring, inventory JIT
c) Working capital and its management: the importance of cash
This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation
2.3.1 Planning a business
and raising finance
3 EXTERNAL FINANCE
This complete lesson will include:
a) Sources of finance and their suitability for different circumstances:
• family and friends
• banks
• peer-to-peer funding
• business angels
• crowd funding
• other businesses
b) Methods of finance and their suitability for different circumstances:
• loans
• share capital
• venture capital
• overdrafts
• leasing
• trade credit
• grants
This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation
233 Managing Finance
3 BUSINESS FAILURE
This complete lesson includes:
a) Internal causes of business failure:
• poor management of cash flow
• overestimation of sales
• overtrading
• poor inventory control
• poor marketing
Poor quality
b) External causes of business failure:
• market conditions
• competition
• economic
• exchange rates
• interest rates
• government regulations
• supplier problems
• natural phenomena.
This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation
2.3.1 Planning a business and raising finance
5 LIABILITY
This complete lesson includes:
a) Implications of limited and unlimited liability, including advantages and disadvantages
b) Finance appropriate for limited and unlimited liability businesses
This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation
232 Financial Planning
2 SALES FORECASTING
This complete lesson includes:
a) Purpose of sales forecasts
b) Factors affecting sales forecasts:
• consumer trends
• economic variables
• actions of competitors
c) Difficulties of sales forecasting
This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation
232 Financial Planning
5 BUDGETS
This complete lesson includes:
a) Purposes of budgets
b) Types of budget:
• based on historical figures
• zero based
c) Variance analysis
d) Difficulties of budgeting
This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation
232 Financial Planning
4 CASH FLOW
This complete lesson includes:
a) Construction and interpretation of simple cash-flow forecasts
b) Use and limitations of cash-flow forecasts
This lesson is written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation