This is a fully-resourced revision lesson that uses a combination of exam questions, understanding checks, quick tasks and quiz competitions to help the students to assess their understanding of the sub-topics found within Topic C8 (Fuels and Earth Science) of the Edexcel GCSE Combined Science specification. The sub-topics and specification points that are tested within the lesson include: The separation of crude oil into simpler, more useful mixtures by fractional distillation The differing properties of the fractions The complete and incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons The chemical process of cracking The Earth’s early atmosphere Human activity and climate change The composition of today’s atmosphere Students will be engaged through the numerous quiz rounds whilst crucially being able to recognise those areas which require their further attention during general revision or during the lead up to the actual GCSE terminal exams

This is a fully-resourced revision lesson that uses a combination of exam questions, understanding checks, quick tasks and quiz competitions to help the students to assess their understanding of the sub-topics found within Topic C6 (Groups in the Periodic table) of the Edexcel GCSE Combined Science specification. The sub-topics and specification points that are tested within the lesson include: Describe the reactions of lithium, sodium and potassium with water Describe the pattern of reactivity in the alkali metals and explain this pattern in terms of electronic configurations Describe the reactions of the halogens to form metal halides Explain the reactivity of the halogens in terms of electronic configurations Explain why the noble gases are chemically inert Students will be engaged through the numerous quiz rounds whilst crucially being able to recognise those areas which require their further attention during general revision or during the lead up to the actual GCSE terminal exams

This is an engaging revision lesson which uses a range of exam questions, understanding checks, quick tasks and quiz competitions to enable students to assess their understanding of the content within topic 3 (Atoms, elements and compounds) of the Cambridge IGCSE Chemistry (0620) specification. The lesson covers the content in both the core and supplement sections of the specification and therefore can be used with students who will be taking the extended papers as well as the core papers. The specification points that are covered in this revision lesson include: CORE State the relative charges and approximate relative masses of protons, neutrons and electrons Define proton number (atomic number) as the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom Define nucleon number (mass number) as the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom Define isotopes as atoms of the same element which have the same proton number but a different nucleon number Describe the build-up of electrons in ‘shells’ and understand the significance of the noble gas electronic structures and of the outer shell electrons. Describe an alloy, such as brass, as a mixture of a metal with other elements Describe the formation of ions by electron loss or gain Describe the formation of ionic bonds between elements from Groups I and VII Describe the giant covalent structures of graphite and diamond Relate their structures to their uses, e.g. graphite as a lubricant and a conductor, and diamond in cutting tools SUPPLEMENT Describe the formation of ionic bonds between metallic and non-metallic elements Explain the differences in melting point and boiling point of ionic and covalent compounds in terms of attractive forces The students will thoroughly enjoy the range of activities, which include quiz competitions such as “The name’s BOND” where they compete to be the 1st to name the type of bond being described whilst crucially being able to recognise the areas of this topic which need their further attention. This lesson can be used as revision resource at the end of the topic or in the lead up to mocks or the actual GCSE exams

This is an engaging revision lesson which uses a range of exam questions, understanding checks, quiz tasks and quiz competitions to enable students to assess their understanding of the content within topic 14 (Organic chemistry) of the CIE IGCSE Chemistry (0620) specification. The lesson covers the content in both the core and supplement sections of the specification and therefore can be used with students who will be taking the extended papers as well as the core papers. The specification points that are covered in this revision lesson include: CORE Name and draw the structures of methane, ethane, ethene, ethanol, ethanoic acid and the products of their reactions State the type of compound present, given a chemical name ending in -ane, -ene, -ol, or -oic acid or a molecular structure Describe petroleum as a mixture of hydrocarbons and its separation into useful fractions by fractional distillation Describe the properties of molecules within a fraction Describe the concept of homologous series as a ‘family’ of similar compounds with similar chemical properties due to the presence of the same functional group Describe the properties of alkanes Describe the bonding in alkanes Describe the manufacture of alkenes and of hydrogen by cracking Distinguish between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons: Define polymers as large molecules built up from small units (monomers) SUPPLEMENT Name and draw the structures of the unbranched alkanes, alkenes (not cis-trans), alcohols and acids containing up to four carbon atoms per molecule Name and draw the structural formulae of the esters which can be made from unbranched alcohols and carboxylic acids, each containing up to four carbon atoms Recall that the compounds in a homologous series have the same general formula Understand that different polymers have different units and/or different linkages Describe the structure of proteins The students will thoroughly enjoy the range of activities, which include quiz competitions such as “Are you on FORM” where they compete to be the 1st to name an organic compound from its formula whilst crucially being able to recognise the areas of this topic which need their further attention. This lesson can be used as revision resource at the end of the topic or in the lead up to mocks or the actual GCSE exams

This is an engaging revision lesson which uses a range of exam questions, understanding checks, quick tasks and quiz competitions to enable students to assess their understanding of the content within topic 7 (Chemical reactions) of the CIE IGCSE Chemistry (0620) specification. The lesson covers the content in both the core and supplement sections of the specification and therefore can be used with students who will be taking the extended papers as well as the core papers. The specification points that are covered in this revision lesson include: CORE Describe and explain the effect of concentration, particle size, catalysts (including enzymes) and temperature on the rate of reactions Interpret data obtained from experiments concerned with rate of reaction Understand that some chemical reactions can be reversed by changing the reaction conditions Define oxidation and reduction in terms of oxygen loss/gain. SUPPLEMENT Devise and evaluate a suitable method for investigating the effect of a given variable on the rate of a reaction Describe and explain the effects of temperature and concentration in terms of collisions between reacting particles. (An increase in temperature causes an increase in collision rate and more of the colliding molecules have sufficient energy (activation energy) to react whereas an increase in concentration only causes an increase in collision rate.) Predict the effect of changing the conditions (concentration, temperature and pressure) on other reversible reactions Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the concept of equilibrium Define redox in terms of electron transfer Define oxidising agent as a substance which oxidises another substance during a redox reaction. Define reducing agent as a substance which reduces another substance during a redox reaction. Identify oxidising agents and reducing agents from simple equations The students will thoroughly enjoy the range of activities, which include quiz competitions such as “FROM NUMBERS 2 LETTERS” where they have to compete to be the 1st to get an important abbreviation whilst crucially being able to recognise the areas of this topic which need their further attention. This lesson can be used as revision resource at the end of the topic or in the lead up to mocks or the actual GCSE exams

This is an engaging revision lesson which uses a range of exam questions, understanding checks, quick tasks and quiz competitions to enable students to assess their understanding of the content within topic 7 (Rates of reaction and energy changes) of the Edexcel GCSE Chemistry specification. The specification points that are covered in this revision lesson include: Suggest practical methods for determining the rate of a given reaction Explain how reactions occur when particles collide and that rates of reaction are increased when the frequency and/or energy of collisions is increased Explain the effects on rates of reaction of changes in temperature, concentration, surface area to volume ratio of a solid and pressure (on reactions involving gases) in terms of frequency and/or energy of collisions between particles Describe a catalyst as a substance that speeds up the rate of a reaction without altering the products of the reaction, being itself unchanged chemically and in mass at the end of the reaction Explain how the addition of a catalyst increases the rate of a reaction in terms of activation energy Describe an exothermic change or reaction as one in which heat energy is given out Describe an endothermic change or reaction as one in which heat energy is taken in Recall that the breaking of bonds is endothermic and the making of bonds is exothermic Recall that the overall heat energy change for a reaction is: a exothermic if more heat energy is released in forming bonds in the products than is required in breaking bonds in the reactants b endothermic if less heat energy is released in forming bonds in the products than is required in breaking bonds in the reactants Calculate the energy change in a reaction given the energies of bonds (in kJ mol–1) Explain the term activation energy Draw and label reaction profiles for endothermic and exothermic reactions, identifying activation energy The students will thoroughly enjoy the range of activities, which includes a quiz competition called “E NUMBERS” where they have to recognise the differences between endothermic and exothermic reactions whilst crucially being able to recognise the areas of this topic which need their further attention. This lesson can be used as revision resource at the end of the topic or in the lead up to mocks or the actual GCSE exams

This is an engaging revision lesson which uses a range of exam questions, understanding checks, quick tasks and quiz competitions to enable students to assess their understanding of the content within topic 8 (Fuels and Earth Science) of the Edexcel GCSE Chemistry specification. The specification points that are covered in this revision lesson include: Recall that hydrocarbons are compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen only Describe and explain the separation of crude oil into simpler, more useful mixtures by the process of fractional distillation Recall the names and uses of the fractions Explain how hydrocarbons in different fractions differ from each other Describe the complete combustion of hydrocarbon fuels as a reaction Explain why the incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons can produce carbon and carbon monoxide Explain how carbon monoxide behaves as a toxic gas Explain how impurities in some hydrocarbon fuels result in the production of sulfur dioxide Explain some problems associated with acid rain caused when sulfur dioxide dissolves in rain water Explain why, when fuels are burned in engines, oxygen and nitrogen can react together at high temperatures to produce oxides of nitrogen, which are pollutants Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of using hydrogen, rather than petrol, as a fuel in cars Explain how cracking involves the breaking down of larger, saturated hydrocarbon molecules (alkanes) into smaller, more useful ones, some of which are unsaturated (alkenes) The students will thoroughly enjoy the range of activities, which includes a quiz competition called “POLLUTE THE AIR…WITH THE ANSWER” where they have to compete to be the 1st to recognise a pollutant gas from a series of clues whilst crucially being able to recognise the areas of this topic which need their further attention. This lesson can be used as revision resource at the end of the topic or in the lead up to mocks or the actual GCSE exams

This revision resource contains an engaging and detailed PowerPoint (66 slides) and associated worksheets, all of which are differentiated to allow students of different abilities to access the work. The range of activities that include exam questions with explained answers and quiz competitions covers the content within topic 11 (Air and water) of the CIE IGCSE Chemistry specification for examination in June and November 2020 and 2021. The resource was written to cover as much of the content as possible but the following topics have received particular attention: The fractional distillation of air to separate oxygen and nitrogen The composition of clean air The variety of reactions that form carbon dioxide The changes in the atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide and the link to global warming The common pollutants and their effects on health and buildings The treatment of water to make it safe The chemical tests for water The conditions needed for the Haber Process Efforts have been made during the design of this lesson to make connections between topic 11 and the other topics in order to show students how important it is to make Biological links. In addition, there is a big emphasis on mathematical skills and guidance is given throughout to break down any barriers that students may have with these types of questions.

This is a fully-resourced lesson which uses exam-style questions, quiz competitions, quick tasks and discussion points to challenge students on their understanding of topics C1 - C5, that will assessed on PAPER 3. It has been specifically designed for students on the AQA GCSE Combined Science course who will be taking the FOUNDATION TIER examinations but is also suitable for students taking the higher tier who need to ensure that the fundamentals are known and understood. The lesson has been written to cover as many sub-topics as possible, but the following have been given particular attention: The relative mass and charge of protons, electrons and neutrons Using the Periodic table to calculate numbers of the sub-atomic particles Writing elements and compounds in chemical symbol equations Covalent structures Drawing dot and cross diagrams for covalent and ionic compounds The transfer of electrons during the formation of an ionic bond Properties of metals and non-metals States of matter Conservation of mass and balancing symbol equations Calculating the relative formula mass Electrolysis of molten salts and aqueous solutions Extraction of metals In order to maintain challenge whilst ensuring that all abilities can access the questions, the majority of the tasks have been differentiated and students can ask for extra support when they are unable to begin a question. Step-by-step guides have also been written into the lesson to walk students through some of the more difficult concepts such as drawing dot and cross diagrams and writing chemical formulae. Due to the extensiveness of this revision lesson, it is estimated that it will take in excess of 3/4 teaching hours to complete the tasks and therefore this can be used at different points throughout the course as well as acting as a final revision before the PAPER 3 exam.

This revision lesson has been designed to challenge the students on their use of a range of mathematical skills that could be assessed on the six OCR Gateway A GCSE Combined Science papers. The mathematical element of the GCSE Combined Science course has increased significantly since the specification change and therefore success in those questions which involve the use of maths can prove to be the difference between one grade and another or possibly even more. The engaging PowerPoint and accompanying resources contain a wide range of activities that include exam-style questions with displayed mark schemes and explanations so that students can assess their progress. Other activities include differentiated tasks, class discussion points and quick quiz competitions such as “It doesn’t HURT to CONVERT”, “YOU DO THE MATH” and “FILL THE VOID”. The following mathematical skills (in a scientific context) are covered in this lesson: The use of Avogadro’s constant Rearranging the formula of an equation Calculating the amount in moles using mass and relative formula mass Calculating the relative formula mass for formulae with brackets Using the Periodic Table to calculate the number of sub-atomic particles in atoms Changes to electrons in ions Balancing chemical symbol equations Empirical formula Converting between units Calculating concentration in grams per dm cubed and volumes of solutions Calculating size using the magnification equation Using the mean to estimate the population of a sessile species Calculating percentages to prove the importance of biodiversity Calculating percentage change The BMI equation Calculating the acceleration from a velocity-time graph Recalling and applying the Physics equations Understanding prefixes that determine size Leaving answers to significant figures and using standard form Helpful hints and step-by-step guides are used throughout the lesson to support the students and some of the worksheets are differentiated two ways to provide extra assistance. Due to the detail of this lesson, it is estimated that it will take in excess of 3 hours of GCSE teaching time to cover the tasks and for this reason it can be used over a number of lessons as well as during different times of the year for revision

This fully-resourced lesson with differentiated resources has been written to prepare students for the range of mathematical-based questions they may face on the two Edexcel GCSE Chemistry papers. The lesson has been designed to contain a wide range of activities which includes 8 quiz competition rounds spread across the duration of the lesson to maintain engagement whilst the students assess their understanding. The mathematical skills covered in this lesson include: Calculating the number of sub-atomic particles in atoms and ions Writing chemical formulae for ionic compounds Identifying isotopes Calculating the relative atomic mass using isotope mass and abundance Using Avogadro’s constant to calculate the number of particles Calculating the relative formula mass Calculating amount in moles using the mass and the relative formula mass Balancing chemical symbol equations Calculating reacting masses Gas calculations using molar volume Calculating concentration of solutions Titration calculations Deducing the empirical formula Calculating energy changes in reactions Most of the resources have been differentiated two ways to allow students of differing abilities to access the work whilst still being challenged. In addition, step by step guides are used to demonstrate how to carry out some of the more difficult calculations such as the harder mole calculations and calculating masses in reactions This lesson could be used with higher ability students on the Edexcel GCSE Combined Science course by taking out the sections which are not applicable.

This fully-resourced lesson has been written to prepare students for the range of mathematical-based questions that they may face on the two OCR GCSE Chemistry papers. The lesson has been designed to contain a wide range of activities which includes 8 quiz competition rounds spread across the duration of the lesson to maintain engagement whilst the students assess their understanding. The mathematical skills covered in this lesson include: Calculating the number of sub-atomic particles in atoms and ions Writing chemical formulae for ionic compounds Identifying isotopes Using Avogadro’s constant to calculate the number of particles Calculating the relative formula mass Calculating amount in moles using the mass and the relative formula mass Balancing chemical symbol equations Calculating reacting masses Gas calculations using molar volume Calculating concentration of solutions Titration calculations Deducing the empirical formula Calculating energy changes in reactions Most of the resources have been differentiated two ways to allow students of differing abilities to access the work whilst still being challenged. In addition, step by step guides are used to demonstrate how to carry out some of the more difficult calculations such as the harder mole calculations and calculating masses in reactions This lesson could be used with higher ability students on the OCR GCSE Combined Science course by taking out the sections which are not applicable.

This is a fully-resourced lesson which uses exam-style questions, quiz competitions, quick tasks and discussion points to challenge students on their understanding of topics C6 - C10, that will assessed on PAPER 4. It has been specifically designed for students on the AQA GCSE Combined Science course who will be taking the FOUNDATION TIER examinations but is also suitable for students taking the higher tier who need to ensure that the fundamentals are known and understood. The lesson has been written to cover as many specification points as possible but the following sub-topics have been given particular attention: Hydrocarbons The first four members of the alkanes Fractional distillation of crude oil The properties of the different fractions The complete combustion of a hydrocarbon Detecting carbon dioxide, oxygen, hydrogen and chlorine gas Changes in the carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere Deforestation Polluting gases The formation of acid rain The treatment of water The collision theory In order to maintain challenge whilst ensuring that all abilities can access the questions, the majority of the tasks have been differentiated and students can ask for extra support when they are unable to begin a question. Step-by-step guides have also been written into the lesson to walk students through some of the more difficult concepts such as the changes in the Earth’s atmosphere. Due to the extensiveness of this revision lesson, it is estimated that it will take in excess of 2/3 teaching hours to complete the tasks and therefore this can be used at different points throughout the course as well as acting as a final revision before the PAPER 4 exam.