Sarah Hilton has been a business examiner for over 20 years and a business teacher for longer. She is now a teacher trainer, business teacher and qualification developer. She runs the website revisionstation which provides smashing business teaching resources at budget prices.
Sarah Hilton has been a business examiner for over 20 years and a business teacher for longer. She is now a teacher trainer, business teacher and qualification developer. She runs the website revisionstation which provides smashing business teaching resources at budget prices.
This is a complete lesson written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation and it covers the following topics:
Importance of motivation in the workforce
Benefits of a motivated workforce
Staff retention
High productivity
Methods to motivate staff
Financial methods of motivation
Non-financial methods of motivation
This is a complete lesson which includes a teacher PowerPoint and a student worksheet written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation and it covers the following topics:
Purpose of market research
To collect information
Why businesses conduct market research
Methods of market research to include primary and secondary
Uses of market research information that may help decision making
Qualitative and quantitative market research
manipulate and interpret data from tables and charts
identify market size and market share
a) Considerations for businesses:
o cultural differences
o different tastes
o language
o unintended meanings
o inappropriate/inaccurate translations
o inappropriate branding and promotion
This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a student worksheet
Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
a) Spreading risk over different countries/regions
b) Entering new markets/trade blocs
c) Acquiring national/international brand names/patents
d) Securing resources/supplies
e) Maintaining/increasing global competitiveness
This lesson includes a PowerPoint and a student worksheet
Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
This is a genuine Revisionstation resource written by Sarah Hilton
This is the blue front slide version
This is a complete lesson with a teacher PowerPoint and student worksheet
This lesson covers:
a) Types of promotion
b) Types of branding
c) The benefits of strong branding:
added value
ability to charge premium prices
reduced price elasticity of demand
d) Ways to build a brand
unique selling points (USPs)/differentiation
advertising
sponsorship
the use of social media
e) Changes in branding and promotion to reflect social trends:
viral marketing
social media
emotional branding
2.2.1
Sales forecasting
a) Purpose of sales forecasts
b) Factors affecting sales forecasts:
o consumer trends
o economic variables
o actions of competitors
c) Difficulties of sales forecasting
2.2.2
Sales, revenue and
costs
a) Calculation of sales volume and sales revenue
b) Calculation of fixed and variable costs
2.2.3
Break-even
a) Contribution: selling price – variable cost per unit
b) Break-even point:
o total fixed costs + total variable costs = total
revenue
c) Using contribution to calculate the break-even point
d) Margin of safety
e) Interpretation of break-even charts
f) Limitations of break-even analysis
2.2.4
Budgets
a) Purpose of budgets
b) Types of budget:
o historical figures
o zero based
c) Variance analysis
d) Difficulties of budgeting
2.1.1
Internal finance
a) Owner’s capital: personal savings
b) Retained profit
c) Sale of assets
2.1.2
External finance
a) Sources of finance:
o family and friends
o banks
o peer-to-peer funding
o business angels
o crowd funding
o other businesses
b) Methods of finance:
o loans
o share capital
o venture capital
o overdrafts
o leasing
o trade credit
o grants
2.1.3
Liability
a) Implications of limited and unlimited liability
b) Finance appropriate for limited and unlimited liability
businesses
2.1.4
Planning
a) Relevance of a business plan in obtaining finance
b) Interpretation of a simple cash-flow forecast and
calculations based on changes in the cash-flow variables
c) Use and limitations of a cash-flow forecast
1.5.1
Role of an
entrepreneur
a) Creating and setting up a business
b) Running and expanding/developing a business
c) Innovation within a business (intrapreneurship)
d) Barriers to entrepreneurship
e) Anticipating risk and uncertainty in the business
environment
1.5.2
Entrepreneurial
motives and
characteristics
a) Characteristics and skills required
b) Reasons why people set up businesses:
o financial motives: profit maximisation and profit
satisficing
o non-financial motives: ethical stance, social
entrepreneurship, independence and home working
1.5.3
Business objectives
a) Survival
b) Profit maximisation
c) Other objectives:
o sales maximisation
o market share
o cost efficiency
o employee welfare
o customer satisfaction
o social objectives
1.5.4
Forms of business
a) Sole trader, partnership and private limited company
b) Franchising, social enterprise, lifestyle businesses, online
businesses
c) Growth to PLC and stock market flotation
1.5.5
Business choices
a) Opportunity cost
b) Choices and potential trade-offs
1.5.6
Moving from
entrepreneur to
leader
a) The difficulties in developing from an entrepreneur to a leader
1.3.1
Product/service
design
a) Design mix:
o function
o aesthetics
o cost
b) Changes in the elements of the design mix to reflect
social trends:
o concern over resource depletion: designing for waste
minimisation, re-use and recycling
o ethical sourcing
1.3.2
Branding and
promotion
a) Types of promotion
b) Types of branding
c) The benefits of strong branding:
o added value
o ability to charge premium prices
o reduced price elasticity of demand
d) Ways to build a brand
o unique selling points (USPs)/differentiation
o advertising
o sponsorship
o the use of social media
e) Changes in branding and promotion to reflect social
trends:
o viral marketing
o social media
o emotional branding
1.3.3
Pricing strategies
a) Types of pricing strategy:
o cost plus (calculating mark-up on unit cost)
o price skimming
o penetration
o predatory
o competitive
o psychological
b) Factors that determine the most appropriate pricing
strategy for a particular situation:
o number of USPs/amount of differentiation
o price elasticity of demand
o level of competition in the business environment
o strength of brand
o stage in the product life cycle
o costs and the need to make a profit
c) Changes in pricing to reflect social trends:
o online sales
o price comparison sites
1.3.4
Distribution
a) Distribution channels
b) Changes in distribution to reflect social trends:
o online distribution
o changing from product to service
1.3.5
Marketing strategy
a) The product life cycle
b) Extension strategies:
o product
o promotion
c) Boston Matrix and the product portfolio
d) Marketing strategies appropriate for different types of
market:
o mass markets
o niche markets
o business to business (B2B) and business to
consumer (B2C) marketing
e) Consumer behaviour – how businesses develop
customer loyalty
1.2.1
Demand
a) Factors leading to a change in demand:
o changes in the prices of substitutes and
complementary goods
o changes in consumer incomes
o fashions, tastes and preferences
o advertising and branding
o demographics
o external shocks
o seasonality
1.2.2
Supply
a) Factors leading to a change in supply:
o changes in the costs of production
o introduction of new technology
o indirect taxes
o government subsidies
o external shocks
1.2.3
Markets
a) The interaction of supply and demand
b) The drawing and interpretation of supply and demand
diagrams to show the causes and consequences of price
changes
1.2.4
Price elasticity of
demand
a) Calculation of price elasticity of demand
b) Interpretation of numerical values of price elasticity of
demand
c) The factors influencing price elasticity of demand
d) The significance of price elasticity of demand to
businesses in terms of implications for pricing
e) Calculation and interpretation of the relationship
between price elasticity of demand and total revenue
1.2.5
Income elasticity of
demand
a) Calculation of income elasticity of demand
b) Interpretation of numerical values of income elasticity of
demand
c) The factors influencing income elasticity of demand
d) The significance of income elasticity of demand to
businesses
1.4.1
Approaches to
staffing
a) Staff as an asset; staff as a cost
b) Flexible workforce:
o multi-skilling
o part-time and temporary
o flexible hours and home working
o outsourcing
c) Distinction between dismissal and redundancy
d) Employer/employee relationships
o individual approach
o collective bargaining
1.4.2
Recruitment,
selection and
training
a) Recruitment and selection process:
o internal versus external recruitment
b) Costs of recruitment, selection and training
c) Types of training:
o induction
o on-the-job
o off-the-job
1.4.3
Organisational
design
a) Structure:
o hierarchy
o chain of command
o span of control
o centralised and decentralised
b) Types of structure:
o tall
o flat
o matrix
c) Impact of different organisational structures on business
efficiency and motivation
1.4.4
Motivation in theory
and practice
a) The importance of employee motivation to a business
b) Motivation theories:
o Taylor (scientific management)
o Mayo (human relations theory)
o Maslow (hierarchy of needs)
o Herzberg (two factor theory)
c) Financial incentives to improve employee performance:
o piecework
o commission
o bonus
o profit share
o performance-related pay
d) Non-financial techniques to improve employee
performance:
o delegation
o consultation
o empowerment
o team working
o flexible working
o job enrichment
o job rotation
o job enlargement
1.4.5
Leadership
a) Leadership:
o the distinction between management and leadership
b) Types of leadership style:
o autocratic
o paternalistic
o democratic
o laissez-faire
Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (iGCSE)
1.6.1 Government spending:
• to provide public service
• taxation and constraints on public spending.
This is a complete lesson with a PPT and a worksheet
Written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
Pearson Edexcel International GCSE in Business (iGCSE)
1.5.4 The impact of exchange rate changes:
• on international competitiveness
• on importers and exporters.
This is a complete lesson with a PPT and a worksheet written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation
Pearson Edexcel International GCSE in Business (iGCSE)
1.5.3 Exchange rate calculation.
This is a complete lesson with a PPT and a worksheet
Written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation
Pearson Edexcel International GCSE in Business 1.4.1 The main factors influencing location decisions
1.4.1 The main factors influencing location decisions and
relocation of a business:
• proximity to market, labour, materials and
competitors
• nature of the business activity
• the impact of the internet on location decisions -
e-commerce and/or fixed premises
• legal controls and trade blocs.
This is a complete lesson with a teacher PowerPoint and a student worksheet.
Written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation
Pearson Edexcel International GCSE in Business 1.2.1 The main types of business ownership
1.2.1 The main types of business ownership:
• sole trader
• partnerships
• limited companies (private and public)
• public corporations.
This is a complete lesson with a teacher PowerPoint and a student worksheet.
Written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation
This lesson is suitable for students that need extra support with the tricky topic of Profit Calculations
It is written for students studying Edexcel A level Business but would also suit students on the Pearson International Edexcel A level business course.
This includes a worksheet and a separate answer booklet in Word and PDF format
Written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation
This lesson is suitable for students that need extra support with the tricky topic of Quantitative Sales Forecasting
It is written for students studying Edexcel A level Business but would also suit students on the Pearson International Edexcel A level business course.
This includes a worksheet and a separate answer booklet in Word and PDF format
Written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation
This lesson is suitable for students that need extra support with the tricky topic of Income Elasticity of Demand (YED)
It is written for students studying Edexcel A level Business but would also suit students on the Pearson International Edexcel A level business course.
This includes a worksheet and a separate answer booklet in Word and PDF format
Written by Sarah Hilton at Revisionstation
This complete lesson covers:
The concept of limited liability
The features of different types of business ownership
Sole traders, partnerships, private and public limited companies
The suitability of differing types of ownership in different business contexts
Start-ups and established businesses
It is written by Sarah Hilton for Revisionstation