This resource contains everything students and teachers alike need to learn or teach the “Liability in negligence for economic loss and psychiatric injury” section of the AQA A-Level Law specification. It contains a comprehensive overview of the following areas of substantive law: Liability for pure economic loss caused by negligent acts and negligent misstatements Liability for psychiatric injury sustained by primary and secondary victims

This resource contains everything students and teachers alike need to learn or teach the “The Rule in Rylands v Fletcher” section of the AQA A-Level Law specification. It contains a comprehensive overview of the following areas of substantive law: Rylands v Fletcher: Law Defences Modern application

This resource contains everything students and teachers alike need to learn or teach the “Vicarious liability” section of the AQA A-Level Law specification. It contains a comprehensive overview of the following areas of substantive law: Vicarious Liability: Nature and purpose of vicarious liability Testing employment status Other areas of vicarious liability

This resource contains everything students and teachers alike need to learn or teach the “General Elements of Liability” section of the AQA A-Level Law specification. It contains a comprehensive overview of the following areas: Actus Reus: Voluntarines Omissions State of affairs Causation Strict liability Mens Rea: Intention Recklessness Negligence Transferred malice Coincidence

This resource contains everything students and teachers alike need to learn or teach the “Necessity Defences” section of the AQA A-Level Law specification. It contains a comprehensive overview of the following defences: Self-defence Duress Duress of circumstances

This resource contains everything students and teachers alike need to learn or teach the “Liability in negligence for physical injury to people and damage to property” section of the AQA A-Level Law specification. It contains a comprehensive overview of the following areas of substantive law: Duty of care Breach Damage

This resource contains everything students and teachers alike need to learn or teach the “Occupiers’ Liability” section of the AQA A-Level Law specification. It contains a comprehensive overview of the following areas of substantive law: Liability in respect of visitors (Occupiers’ Liability Act 1957). Liability in respect of trespassers (Occupiers’ Liability Act 1984).

This resource contains everything students and teachers alike need to learn or teach the “Private Nuisance” section of the AQA A-Level Law specification. It contains a comprehensive overview of the following areas of substantive law: Private nuisance: Law Defences Remedies

This resource contains everything students and teachers alike need to learn or teach the “Defences” section of the AQA A-Level Law specification. It contains a comprehensive overview of the following common law defences: Consent Contributory negligence

This resource contains everything students and teachers alike need to learn or teach the “Remedies” section of the AQA A-Level Law specification. It contains a comprehensive overview of the following areas of law: Compensatory damages for physical injury to people, damage to property and economic loss; the principle of mitigation of loss. Injunctions.

This resource contains everything students and teachers alike need to learn or teach the “Indirect Realism” area of the AQA A-Level Philosophy specification. It contains the following information: The Kalām argument (an argument from temporal causation). Aquinas’ 1st Way (argument from motion), 2nd Way (argument from atemporal causation) and 3rd way (an argument from contingency). Descartes’ argument based on his continuing existence (an argument from causation). Leibniz’s argument from the principle of sufficient reason (an argument from contingency). Issues that may arise for the arguments above, including: the possibility of an infinite series Hume’s objection to the ‘causal principle’ the argument commits the fallacy of composition (Russell) the impossibility of a necessary being (Hume and Russell).

This resource contains everything students and teachers alike need to learn or teach the “Statutory interpretation” section of the AQA A-Level Law specification. It contains a comprehensive overview of the following areas: The rules of statutory interpretation: literal, golden and mischief rules; the purposive approach. Internal (intrinsic) and external (extrinsic) aids. The impact of European Union law and of the Human Rights Act 1998 on statutory interpretation. The advantages and disadvantages of the different approaches to statutory interpretation.

This resource contains everything students and teachers alike need to learn or teach the “Law reform” section of the AQA A-Level Law specification. It contains a comprehensive overview of the following areas: The work of the Law Commission: reform, codification, consolidation and repeal. The advantages and disadvantages of reform through the Law Commission.

This resource contains everything students and teachers alike need to learn or teach the "The European Union” section of the AQA A-Level Law specification. It contains a comprehensive overview of the following areas: The institutions of the European Union: the Council, the Commission, the Parliament and the Court of Justice of the European Union and their functions. The different sources of European Union law: treaties, regulations and directives. The impact of European Union law on the law of England and Wales.

This resource contains everything students and teachers alike need to learn or teach the “The criminal courts and lay people” section of the AQA A-Level Law specification. It contains a comprehensive overview of the following areas: The criminal process including the classification of offences, and the appeal system. Criminal court powers and sentencing of adult offenders. The role of lay people: the role and powers of magistrates in criminal courts and the role of juries in criminal courts. The advantages and disadvantages of using juries in criminal courts.

This resource contains everything students and teachers alike need to learn or teach the “Legal personnel and the judiciary” section of the AQA A-Level Law specification. It contains a comprehensive overview of the following areas: The different roles of barristers, solicitors and legal executives. The regulation of legal personnel. The judiciary: types of judge. The role of judges in civil and criminal courts. The independence of the judiciary: security of tenure, immunity from suit, independence from the Executive. Reason for and advantages of judicial independence and the methods by which it is achieved.

This resource contains everything students and teachers alike need to learn or teach the “Judicial precedent” section of the AQA A-Level Law specification. It contains a comprehensive overview of the following areas: The doctrine of judicial precedent. The hierarchy of the courts including the Supreme Court. Stare decisis, ratio decidendi and obiter dicta; law reporting in outline and the reasons for it. The operation of judicial precedent: following, overruling and distinguishing. The advantages and disadvantages of the doctrine of judicial precedent and the operation of precedent.