This lesson explores the technology required to explore deep reefs and considers how water pressure poses additional challenges to scientists exploring the ‘twilight zone’ through a teacher led demonstration. Students consider the human context of deep reef exploration through reading a blogpost written by Norbert Englebert a member of the deep reef team. Students conduct an experiment to test whether the colour of coral affects the amount of light it absorbs. This is a single lesson from the Coral Oceans Science KS3 unit. The lesson plans and accompanying activities are designed to introduce classes to what it is like to be an ocean explorer. Each lesson is designed around a ‘dive’ to investigate a particular science topic. These include identification, classification, food webs and symbiosis, adaptation and human impacts on the environment.The enquiry-based resources incorporate the scientists’ experiences and research, and enable students to explore marine life on the reef and the threats facing it. Access the other lessons in this unit here: https://encounteredu.com/teachers/units/coral-oceans-science-11-14

Students will consider the varied threats faced by the coral reef. These range from long-term environmental changes caused by increased atmospheric carbon dioxide, to changes in land use in coastal areas. Through gathering information from a range of sources students will complete an overview of the threats faced by the reef. Students will be prompted to consider what changes could be made to ensure that there are healthy coral reefs well into the future. This is a single lesson from the Coral Oceans Science KS3 unit. The lesson plans and accompanying activities are designed to introduce classes to what it is like to be an ocean explorer. Each lesson is designed around a ‘dive’ to investigate a particular science topic. These include identification, classification, food webs and symbiosis, adaptation and human impacts on the environment.The enquiry-based resources incorporate the scientists’ experiences and research, and enable students to explore marine life on the reef and the threats facing it. Access the other lessons in this unit here: https://encounteredu.com/teachers/units/coral-oceans-science-11-14

Different species have adapted to life on the coral reef in amazing and diverse ways. From sleeping in mucus bubbles, to flexible snakelike skeletons, life on the reef has had to find ingenious methods to find food and stay alive. The reef is also host to numerous examples of symbiosis and finding food and safety in the strangest of places, whether that be in a shark’s mouth or ‘vacuuming’ the sandy seabed. In this lesson, students are challenged to create the ultimate reef organism. This is a single lesson from the Coral Oceans Science KS3 unit. The lesson plans and accompanying activities are designed to introduce classes to what it is like to be an ocean explorer. Each lesson is designed around a ‘dive’ to investigate a particular science topic. These include identification, classification, food webs and symbiosis, adaptation and human impacts on the environment. The enquiry-based resources incorporate the scientists’ experiences and research, and enable students to explore marine life on the reef and the threats facing it. Access the other lessons in this unit here: https://encounteredu.com/teachers/units/coral-oceans-science-11-14

Throughout this lesson students explore underwater habitats and begin to understand the importance of the XL Catlin Seaview Survey. Students consider why exploration of this kind can be challenging for humans and learn dive signs so they can communicate on their virtual dive. During the virtual dive students use 360 virtual reality to explore this dynamic environment, identifying some of the species that live there. Students go on to classify these species and record the findings of their first dive. This is a single lesson from the Coral Oceans Science KS3 unit. The lesson plans and accompanying activities are designed to introduce classes to what it is like to be an ocean explorer. Each lesson is designed around a ‘dive’ to investigate a particular science topic. These include identification, classification, food webs and symbiosis, adaptation and human impacts on the environment. The enquiry-based resources incorporate the scientists’ experiences and research, and enable students to explore marine life on the reef and the threats facing it. Access the other lessons in this unit on EncounterEdu here: https://encounteredu.com/teachers/units/coral-oceans-science-11-14

At the end of the expedition, teams create an expedition report to communicate their findings to a wider audience. This could take the form of a formal written report, a press release or a video. These outputs can be shared at an assembly, parents evening, with the local press and you can send a selection through to Encounter Edu (info@encounteredu.com) so that we can post them on our website. This is a single lesson fromt the Coral Oceans Science KS3 unit. The lesson plans and accompanying activities are designed to introduce classes to what it is like to be an ocean explorer. Each lesson is designed around a ‘dive’ to investigate a particular science topic. These include identification, classification, food webs and symbiosis, adaptation and human impacts on the environment. The enquiry-based resources incorporate the scientists’ experiences and research, and enable students to explore marine life on the reef and the threats facing it. Access the other lessons in this unit here: https://encounteredu.com/teachers/units/coral-oceans-science-11-14

Plastic, Plankton and Poo is a science Key Stage 4 unit of work, this video lesson can be used as part of Lesson 7. In this lesson the science team explain the societal importance of their work and how their research can be used by policy- makers, community organisations and wider society. This full lesson includes: Student Sheet Video 4 Student Sheet Video reflection The video can be used as a stimulus to a larger discussion about the impact of plastics on the environment and how science can help inform decisions about the future use of plastic. There are also opportunities to use a flipped approach to learning, setting the video lesson as pre-work before the topic is taught or as home learning to provide reinforcement of factual knowledge or to encourage further reflection.

This is the first lesson in a full unit (Biodiversity Science GCSE Coral Reefs) using the coral reef as a new context for applying concepts of biodiversity, human impacts and conservation. The ‘Why is coral reef biodiversity important?’ lesson covers the importance of coral reefs, the so called ‘rain forests of the sea’, to a local community in Timor-Leste. Students develop their understanding of mutualism, biodiversity and how it is useful and important to us and the Earth as a whole. Multimedia content and other information can be found at: https://encounteredu.com/teachers/units/coral-oceans-science-14-16

This is the fourth lesson in a full unit (Biodiversity Science GCSE Coral Reefs) using the coral reef as a new context for applying concepts of biodiversity, human impacts and conservation. The ‘Which coral reefs should we protect?’ lesson develops students knowledge and understanding of how to complete a transect, how to use this information to investigate the impact of abiotic factors on distribution and abundance of biodiversity on coral reefs. The rest of the unit can be found here: https://encounteredu.com/teachers/units/coral-oceans-science-14-16

This is the sixth lesson in a full unit (Biodiversity Science GCSE Coral Reefs) using the coral reef as a new context for applying concepts of biodiversity, human impacts and conservation. The ‘How are members of the community affected by MPAs?’ lesson gets students to consider the impacts of biodiversity protection methods on different groups of people by watching a series of stakeholder videos, taking the form of a stakeholder debate. They will use the information from the videos to prepare arguments for a debate for or against the proposal for a new community MPA in Com. Multimedia content and other information can be found at: https://encounteredu.com/teachers/units/coral-oceans-science-14-16

This is the final assessment lesson in a full unit (Biodiversity Science GCSE Coral Reefs) using the coral reef as a new context for applying concepts of biodiversity, human impacts and conservation. Students to consolidate their learning from the previous lessons by having a debate about the impacts a new MPA would have on the various stakeholders in Com. Students will evaluate the effectiveness and appropriateness of two different MPA proposals. Multimedia content and other information can be found at: https://encounteredu.com/teachers/units/coral-oceans-science-14-16

This is the fifth lesson in a full unit (Biodiversity Science GCSE Coral Reefs) using the coral reef as a new context for applying concepts of biodiversity, human impacts and conservation. The ‘How do we protect coral reefs?’ lesson develops students’ knowledge and understanding of the importance of surrounding environments to coral reefs. Students will start off by looking at the life cycle on coral reefs and the importance of mangrove forests and sea grass to the biodiversity of coral reefs. Following this students will learn what a Marine Protected Area (MPA) is and decide where they would locate the four different MPAs in Com. The rest of the unit can be found here: https://encounteredu.com/teachers/units/coral-oceans-science-14-16

This is the third lesson in a full unit (Biodiversity Science GCSE Coral Reefs) using the coral reef as a new context for applying concepts of biodiversity, human impacts and conservation. The ‘How can humans indirectly threaten coral reefs?’ lesson focuses on the indirect threats to coral reefs such as climate change. Climate change causes sea temperatures to increase, which subsequently causes coral bleaching to occur. Students will explore indirect threats through a range of experiments such as the activity Ocean Acidification in a cup. It is important in this lesson that students consider how the actions of people around the world are affecting the coral reefs located near Com. Multimedia content and other information can be found at: https://encounteredu.com/teachers/units/coral-oceans-science-14-16

This full unit uses the coral reef as a case study for biodiversity and human impact topics for Science GCSE. It is a great way for students to apply learning to new contexts in preparation for exams. The unit makes use of multimedia content and science research, making it appropriate for students of all levels. Downloads include a full teacher book with student sheets and all resources for teaching, with a PowerPoint for each lesson. Lessons cover the following topics (with multimedia and further resources available from https://encounteredu.com/teachers/units/coral-oceans-science-14-16): Scales in an ecosystem and the importance of mutualism Direct human impacts on the coral reef (e.g. overfishing) Indirect human impacts on the coral reef (e.g. climate change) How scientists research the reef to identify areas in need of protection How reefs are protected and importance of habitat connectivity Decision-making exercise on coral reef protection and impact on local communities Students design their own marine protected area applying science concepts

A practical lesson where students work scientifically and develop their literacy skills by writing a conclusion using the ‘Point Evidence Explain’ technique from English. The context of the lesson is the work of Dr Helen Findlay who is investigating ocean acidification: ‘the other carbon problem’. This full lesson contains: Slideshow 1: Are humans causing ocean acidification? Lesson Overview and Teacher Guidance Activity Overview 1: Are humans causing ocean acidification? Student Sheet 1a: Are humans causing ocean acidification? Student Sheet 1b: Practical instructions Subject Update 1: Ocean acidification Six enquiry-based lessons introducing ocean science concepts for ages 11-14. These lessons and activities are full of practical ideas to bring carbonate chemistry and marine biology to the science classroom. All lessons demonstrate science at work and are based on recent research conducted in the Arctic. Designed to be used in conjunction with the Digital Explorer Media Zone. All lessons and resources are available from Encounter Edu’s TES profile.

This #GoogleExpeditions lesson develops students’ understanding of human anatomy. This lesson combines individual research tasks, fact cards and the anatomy of the human heart to teach students about cardiovascular disease. Google Expeditions are immersive 360 degree photo stories designed for use in the classroom. For more see: https://www.google.com/edu/expeditions/. This is Google Expeditions Lesson is number 4 of a 4 lesson sequence. It can be used as a standalone lesson or in conjunction with others listed below. Lesson 1: Google Expeditions: The Heart – External Structure https://goo.gl/UHEs0F Lesson 2: Google Expeditions: The Heart – Internal human heart structure https://goo.gl/96wNXN Lesson 3: Google Expeditions: The Heart – Electrical control of the heart beat https://goo.gl/P3E6tX Lesson 4: Google Expeditions: The Heart – Cardiovascular disease https://goo.gl/7CG7FN

This #GoogleExpeditions lesson develops students’ understanding of human anatomy. This introductory lesson introduces students to the main external features of the heart, identifying arteries and veins. Google Expeditions are immersive 360 degree photo stories designed for use in the classroom. For more see: https://www.google.com/edu/expeditions/. This is Google Expeditions Lesson is number 1 of a 4 lesson sequence. It can be used as a standalone lesson or in conjunction with others listed below. Lesson 1: Google Expeditions: The Heart – External Structure https://goo.gl/UHEs0F Lesson 2: Google Expeditions: The Heart – Internal human heart structure https://goo.gl/96wNXN Lesson 3: Google Expeditions: The Heart – Electrical control of the heart beat https://goo.gl/P3E6tX Lesson 4: Google Expeditions: The Heart – Cardiovascular disease https://goo.gl/7CG7FN

This #GoogleExpeditions lesson develops students’ understanding of human anatomy. This lesson focuses on the internal structure of the heart. Students will be able to label the main features and show the direction of the blood flow inside the hearth. They will also be able to state the purpose of the heart valves and describe the differences between the left and right sides of the heart. Google Expeditions are immersive 360 degree photo stories designed for use in the classroom. For more see: https://www.google.com/edu/expeditions/. This is Google Expeditions Lesson is number 2 of a 4 lesson sequence. It can be used as a standalone lesson or in conjunction with others listed below. Lesson 1: Google Expeditions: The Heart – External Structure https://goo.gl/UHEs0F Lesson 2: Google Expeditions: The Heart – Internal human heart structure https://goo.gl/96wNXN Lesson 3: Google Expeditions: The Heart – Electrical control of the heart beat https://goo.gl/P3E6tX Lesson 4: Google Expeditions: The Heart – Cardiovascular disease https://goo.gl/7CG7FN

This #GoogleExpeditions lesson develops students’ understanding of human anatomy. This lesson focuses on the electrical control of the heart, with students being able to identify the location of the SA/AV nodes, Purkinje fibers and bundle of His, as well as being able to describe the steps in the cardiac cycle. Google Expeditions are immersive 360 degree photo stories designed for use in the classroom. For more see: https://www.google.com/edu/expeditions/. This is Google Expeditions Lesson is number 3 of a 4 lesson sequence. It can be used as a standalone lesson or in conjunction with others listed below. Lesson 1: Google Expeditions: The Heart – External Structure https://goo.gl/UHEs0F Lesson 2: Google Expeditions: The Heart – Internal human heart structure https://goo.gl/96wNXN Lesson 3: Google Expeditions: The Heart – Electrical control of the heart beat https://goo.gl/P3E6tX Lesson 4: Google Expeditions: The Heart – Cardiovascular disease https://goo.gl/7CG7FN

This #GoogleExpeditions lesson develops student skills in human anatomy and health. Students investigate how different diseases can affect different parts of the ear. This lesson combines immersive imagery of the human ear, with facts on diseases that affect the auditory system. Google Expeditions are immersive 360 degree photo stories designed for use in the classroom. For more see: https://www.google.com/edu/expeditions/. This is Google Expeditions Lesson is number 4 of a 4 lesson sequence. It can be used as a standalone lesson or in conjunction with others listed below (links go to Google Docs versions of the lessons). Lesson 1: Google Expeditions: Auditory System – Sound waves & The Outer Ear https://goo.gl/y5jukV Lesson 2: Google Expeditions: Auditory System – Middle & Inner Ear https://goo.gl/RbUlQs Lesson 3: Google Expeditions: Auditory System – Ear & Balance https://goo.gl/xl5mJ3 Lesson 4: Google Expeditions: Auditory System – Ear & Disease https://goo.gl/TKj9Om

This #GoogleExpeditions lesson develops student skills in human anatomy. Journey inside the human ear to develop students’ understanding of the workings of the middle and inner ear. Google Expeditions are immersive 360 degree photo stories designed for use in the classroom. For more see: https://www.google.com/edu/expeditions/. This is Google Expeditions Lesson is number 2 of a 4 lesson sequence. It can be used as a standalone lesson or in conjunction with others listed below (links go to Google Docs versions of the lessons). Lesson 1: Google Expeditions: Auditory System – Sound waves & The Outer Ear https://goo.gl/y5jukV Lesson 2: Google Expeditions: Auditory System – Middle & Inner Ear https://goo.gl/RbUlQs Lesson 3: Google Expeditions: Auditory System – Ear & Balance https://goo.gl/xl5mJ3 Lesson 4: Google Expeditions: Auditory System – Ear & Disease https://goo.gl/TKj9Om